英语中重要的四种时态

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Welcome,QuAjiao,Tense,目录,一般现在时 the present tense,一般过去时 the past tense,一般将来时 the future tense,过去将来时 the past future tense,一般现在时 the present tense,用法,(一)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。,时间状语：,sometimes,often,usually,always,never,at,every,on Sunday,等,I,leave,home for school,at 7 every morning.,He,cycles,to work,every day.,He,is,a clever boy in our class.,（二）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实,格言或警句中。,注意：,此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如：,Columbus,proved,that the earth,is,round.,The earth moves around the sun.,Shanghai lies in the east of China.,The sun rises in the east,.,Practice makes perfect,.,肯定式：,主语+be(am/is/are)+其他,否定式：主语+be(am/is/are)not+其他,疑问式：Am/Are/Is+主语+其他?,顺口溜：我用am,你用are,is连着他她它(Ta)，单数is，复数are,构成,1、,be动词,（三）,主语具备的,状态、能力、性格、个性,She,likes,English and,speaks,it very well,My daughter,sings,very well.,2,、,实义动词,肯定式：,主语+动词（第三人称单数变化）+其他,否定式：,主语+do/does not+动词原形+其他,疑问式：Do/Does+,主语+动词原形+其他?,动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律,1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。,stopstops s;readreads z;playplays z,2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读z 如：,flyflies；carrycarries,;,studystudies;,say seisays sez,3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为iz,teachteaches;,wash,wahes;fixfixes,4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读z 如：,gogoes z dodoes z,知识扩展：一般现在时表示将来,1）下列动词：,come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return,的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。,The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.,When does the bus star,t,?It star,t,s in ten minutes,2,),在由,here和there,引起的句子中，常用一般现在时代替现在进行时。,Here,comes,the bus.(,The bus is coming.),There,goes,the bell.,(,The bell is ringing,),.,3）,在,时间或条件句,中。,When Bill comes(,不是,will come),ask him to wait for me.,If it rains tomorrow,we wont have a picnic.,用法,1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。,时间状语有：,yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982,just now 等。,Where did you go just now?,He was in Beijing some years ago,.,一般过去时 the past tense,2）,表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。,When I was a child,I often played football in the street.,He always went to work by bus.,1、,be动词,肯定式：,主语+be(was/were)+其他,否定式：主语+be(was/were)not+其他,疑问式：Was/Were+主语+其他?,2,、,实义动词,肯定式：,主语+动词过去式+其他,否定式：,主语+didnt+动词原形+其他,疑问式：Did+,主语+动词原形+其他?,1,一般在动词词尾加,ed,。,2,以字母,e,结尾，直接在词尾加,d,。,love,live,change,3,以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,，先双写这个辅音字母，再加,-ed,如：stop,plan,drop,beg,drag,（“一辅重闭”做尾巴）,travel-travelled,4,以辅音字母加,y,结尾，变,y,为,i,再加,ed,。study,carry,try,过去时的构成,规则动词过去式的构成,1，,used to或would,也可以表示过去经常发生的动作,，但used to侧重于过去与现在的比较，指现在已不那样了；would注重过去习惯性发生的动作,。,知识扩展,2,在虚拟语气中，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的动作。,If I,had,time,I would go with you.,He looks as if he,were,ill.,If only I,were,ten years younger.,(要是我年轻十岁就好了。,),He used to smoke.,During the vacation I would swim in the sea.,3,在,以下,句式中，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在或将来的动作。,Its(about/high)time(that),“该是的时候了”,Id rather,“宁愿做某事”,Its time you,took,/should take,a rest now.,-Shall I open a window?-Id rather,(that),you,didnt,.,构成,1),shall,/,will,+do。,2)be going to,do。,表示计划、打算、准备做某事。,The play is going to be produced next month.,3),b,e to do,。,表示拟定或计划中要发生的动作或,征求对方意见,。,The boy is to go to school tomorrow.,4）b,e about to do sth,。,表示即将发生的,动作,，,不与,表示将来,的,时,间,状,语,连,用。,We are about to leave.,一般将来时 the future tense,时间状语：,tomorrow,next week/year/,in a few days,when he comes,in the future,过去将来时 the past future tense,用法,表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态,。即:过去将来时是“,立足过去,着眼未来,”的一种时态,常用于宾语从句中。判断这种时态的依据是:要有表示过去的“动作”,而不是时间。,I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.我听说他们不久要回到上海。,构成,1),sh,ould/would+do。,2),was/were,going to,do。,目录,一般现在时 the present tense,一般过去时 the past tense,一般将来时 the future tense,过去将来时 the past future tense,高考题点击：,Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met no storms.（05辽宁卷）Awas called Bis called,Chad been called Dhas been called,2.I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play,since the new year.(2001 N),A.will playB.have playedC.playedD.play,B,D,说明,：,本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时，但“被称为太平洋”是客观现状，只能用一般现在时。,说明,：,常识告诉我们，一个人一旦获得某种技能，一般是不会在短期内失去的，所以需用一般现在时。,3,.-Nancy is not coming tonight.,-But she _!(98 N),A.promisesB.promisedC.will promise D.had promised,4,.My uncle _ until he was forty-five.(2000 上海),A.marriedB.didnt marry,C.was not marryingD.would marry,说明,：,Nancy 答应要来这个动作应该发生在过去，是过去作出的承诺。,说明,：until 用在肯定句中时，主句的动词必须是延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到 until 后的时间为止；,短暂性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。本题中 marry 是短暂性动词，所以只能用在否定句中。,B,B,5,.-You havent said a word about my new coat,John,.Do,you like it?(N2002),-Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner.I certainl,y,think its pretty on you.,A.wasnt sayingB.dont say,C.wont sayD.didnt say,说明,：,本题的干扰源来自上下文中的时态，上文用的是现在完成时，下文用的是一般现在时，所以有些人就误以为此处该用现在时态了。但根据说话人的意思不难发现，没有说出自己的评价是在这段对话以前的事了，所以要用一般过去时。,D,6,.-Youve left the light on.,-Oh,so I have._ and turn it off.(2000 N),A.Ill goB.Ive goneC.I goD.Im going,说明,：,本句的重点是“并行结构”，关键是看后面的 turn，所以B、C、D、都不符合。,7,.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he