跨文化交际实训Chapter3NonverbalCommunication

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,跨文化交际实训,ISBN：978-7-81134-892-7,2021年11月 第1版,Chapter 3,Nonverbal Communication,Learning Objectives,In this chapter,you should be able toDefine nonverbal communication,Distinguish the functions of nonverbal communication,Identify the differences of body language used in different cultures,Specify how attitudes toward time,and use of space convey nonverbal messages,What is the difference between verbal and,nonverbal communication?,How many types of nonverbal communication can,you name?,Warm-up,I.,Definitions of Nonverbal communication,非言语交际的定义,Everything except the actual words we apply in our communication,such as the looks on our face,the way we speak,the gestures we employ,the direction of our gaze,the extent to which we touch.They all send messages to the people we are talking to.,Nonverbal messages are generally classified into two categories:those that primarily produced by the body behaviors produced by speakers and uses of the spatial or temporal setting by speakers.,Repeating,:nonverbal behaviors can be used in order to emphasize or clarify the verbal message.,Contradicting,:nonverbal behaviors can convey contradictory meaning which is opposite to that of the verbal message.,Substituting,:nonverbal behavior can replace verbal behavior to convey certain meaning.,Accenting,:nonverbal behavior can be used to add force to verbal message.,Complementing,:It means that nonverbal cues can be used to elaborate on verbal messages to reinforce the information.,Regulating,:It means that nonverbal behavior can regulate the flow of communication.,II.Functions of Nonverbal Communication,非言语交际的功能,Key Terms,Nonverbal communication,非言语交际,非言语交际是指不用言语，而是通过面部表情、手势、眼神、身体的运动以及对时空的态度来进行的沟通。,Glossary,indispensable,adj.,不可缺少的,绝对必要的,complement,vt.,辅助,substitut,e,vt.,用,.,代替，代替,accent,vt.,强调,soothing,adj.,安慰的,elaborate,v.,详细地说明,What is nonverbal communication?,2.What are the functions of nonverbal,communication?,Comprehension Questions,II.Body language(Kinesics),体态语,Postures,姿势,the sitting posture,Squatting,Shrugging ones shoulders,stamp foot,Standing with arms akimbo,Gestures,手势,thumbs-up sign thumb down the“OK sign,the V sign good luck sign the single finger beckon,Facial expression,Smiling and laughing,Showing anger,Key Terms,Kinesics/Body language,身势语,/,体态语,体态语指的是传递交际信息的表情和动作。它包括身体的各部位所产生的非言语行为，包括面部表情，姿势，手势，眼神交流等等。,Glossary,squat,v.,蹲,sophisticated,adj.,久经世故的，老练的,obscene,adj.,淫秽的，猥亵的,resentment,n.,怨恨，愤恨,grit,vt.,咬紧牙关,intrigue,vt.,欺骗，激起,.,的兴趣,pancultural,a.,全文化的,embarrassment,n.,困窘，尴尬,Glossary,suspicion,n.,猜疑，怀疑,decipher,vt.,译解,overstate,v.,夸大的叙述，夸张,interlocutor,n.,对话者，谈话者,Comprehension Questions,1.How does posture communicate different messages?Use specific examples to illustrate your answer.,2.How many gestures can you name?What is the meaning of each gesture?,3.How do westerns show their anger?,III.Eye contact,眼神交会,In America,eye contact is one of the most important nonverbal cues in society.You are expected to meet other peoples gazes when you communicate.,In Japan,to look someone in the eye is rude,because it is invading someones space.,In Chinese culture,people who are engaged in interpersonal communication will not look directly into others eyes,especially when the youth talk to the old or the subordinate talk to his superior.,Of eye contact varies in diverse cultures.In the United States,the average length of eye contact is 2.95 seconds,and the average length of time two people gaze at each other is 1.18 seconds(Argyle,1998;Argyle&Ingham,1972).,Key Terms,eye contact,眼神交会,眼神交会是是通过眼神、目光等传达信息，表达思想感情，是人们非常重要的非言语交际手段,Glossary,peril,n.,危险，冒险,samurai,n.(,日本的,),武士,sustain,vt.,维持,Comprehension Questions,1.Use examples to illustrate what the eye communicate in different cultures.,Touch,or Haptics,refers to communicating through the use of bodily contact.When used properly,touch can create feelings of warmth and trust;when used improperly,touch can betray trust and cause annoyance.,According to the degree of touching,it can be divided into contact culture and low-contact culture.,IV.Body Touch,身体接触,Contact cultures displays considerable interpersonal closeness or immediacy,and people in these countries stand close and touch often(Hall,1966).,People in low contact cultures tend to stand apart and touch less.,IV.Body Touch,身体接触,Hand-shaking,握手,Hugging and kissing,拥抱和亲吻,IV.Body Touch,身体接触,Key Terms,Touch/Haptics,接触,接触语是一种复杂的非言语符号系统,通过人们在交际,过程中身体部位是否接触及接触的方式和程度,能表达彼,此间相互关系的信息,而且存在着巨大的跨文化差异。,Contact culture接触性文化/Low-contact culture低接触文化,根据身体接触的多少,分为接触性文化和低接触文化。,接触性文化中，人们相互之间关系亲密，因而身体,的接触较多。接触文化包括大局部阿拉伯国家，地中,海地区包括法国、希腊、意大利，欧洲及中东的,犹太民族，东欧及俄罗斯人、印尼人及西班牙血统的,民族等。低接触文化的人们关系趋于冷淡，身体接触,相对较少。低接触文化包括北欧大部、德国、英国和,美国的盎格鲁-撒克逊族人以及日本人。澳大利亚人居,于两者之间。,Key Terms,Glossary,harassment,n.,骚扰,affectionate,adj.,情深的，充满情爱的,ritualized,adj.,仪式化的,slap,vt.,拍击,Estonian,n.,爱沙尼亚人,Comprehension Questions,Identify the different ways people use touch to convey messages to others in diff