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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,中考专项,新 突 破,中考专项新 突 破,1,专题,十,被动,语态,第,一,章,语法知识专项复习,专题十被动语态第一章,2,语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式用主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式用被动语态。被动语态的基本结构,是,“,be+,动词的过去分词,”,。,语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具,3,中考考点解读,考点,广东省卷近,5,年中考统计情况,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,1.,一般现在时,2.,一般过去时,3.,一般将来时,4.,含有情态动词,中考考点解读 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况2015201620,4,中考考点解读,（,1,）被动语态的用法：,当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或由于某种原因不必提到动作的执行者时，要用被动语态，但在译文里，有时要用主动语态才符合汉语的表达习惯。例如：,Football is played all over the world.,世界各地都在踢足球。,中考考点解读（1）被动语态的用法：,5,中考考点解读,（,1,）被动语态的用法：,当我们要强调动作的承受者而不是动作的执行者时，要用被动语态。例如：,The Great Wall was built long ago.,长城,是很久以前建成的。,English is spoken as the first language by most people in the USA.,在美国，大多数人都把英语作为第一门语言。,中考考点解读（1）被动语态的用法：,6,中考考点解读,（,2,）由主动语态变为被动语态的方法：,主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语。,主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语形式，即“,be+,动词的过去分词”。要注意,be,动词既保持主动句的时态，又要与被动句的主语在人称和数上保持一致,。,中考考点解读（2）由主动语态变为被动语态的方法：,7,中考考点解读,（,2,）由主动语态变为被动语态的方法：,主动句里的主语变为含有介词,by,的宾语，再把整个介词短语放在谓语动词之后，有时该短语可以省略。,例如,：,You,must water,the flowers.,The,flowers,must be watered,by you.,中考考点解读（2）由主动语态变为被动语态的方法：Youmus,8,考点,初中阶段需掌握的几种被动语态,考点初中阶段需掌握的几种被动语态,9,时态,结构,例子,一般现在时,am/is/are+done,The desks are made in China.,（肯定句）,The desks arent made in China.,（否定句，在,am/is/are,后加,not,）,Are the desks made in China?,（一般疑问句，把,am/is/are,提至句首）,时态结构例子一般现在时am/is/are+doneThe d,10,时态,结构,例子,一般过去时,was/were+done,The building was built ten years ago.,（肯定句）,The building wasnt built ten years ago.,（否定句，在,was/were,后加,not,）,Was the building built ten years ago?,（一般疑问句，把,was/were,提至句首）,时态结构例子一般过去时was/were+doneThe bu,11,时态,结构,例子,一般将来时,will+be+done,A new school library will be built next year.,（肯定句）,A new school library wont be built next year.,（否定句，在,will,后加,not,）,Will a new school library be built next year?,（一般疑问句，把,will,提至句首）,时态结构例子一般将来时will+be+doneA new s,12,时态,结构,例子,一般将来时,am/is/are going to+be+done,A new school library is going to be built next year.,（肯定句）,A new school library isnt going to be built next year.,（否定句，在,am/is/are,后加,not,）,Is a new school library going to be built next year?,（一般疑问句，把,am/is/are,提至句首）,时态结构例子一般将来时am/is/are going to+,13,时态,结构,例子,含有情态动词,情态动词,+be+done,Students should be allowed to use mobile phones at school.,（肯定句）,Students shouldnt be allowed to use mobile phones at school.,（否定句，在情态动词后加,not,）,Should students be allowed to use mobile phones at school?,（一般疑问句，把情态动词提至句首）,时态结构例子含有情态动词情态动词+be+doneStuden,14,考点,注意事项,考点注意事项,15,1,含有“使役”动词的被动语态,在主动句中，感官动词（,see,hear,watch,notice,等）以及使役动词（,let,make,have,等）后跟省略,to,的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上,to,，即,sb.,be made(seen,heard,watched,noticed)to do sth.,。,He made me do the work.,他让我做这项工作。（主动，,do,前没有,to,）,I was made to do the work.,我被派去做这项工作。（被动，,do,前加上不定式符号,to,）,1含有“使役”动词的被动语态在主动句中，感官动词（see,16,1,含有“使役”动词的被动语态,类似：,Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night.Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night.,They heard him sing songs in the room last night.He was heard to sing songs in the room last night.,注：究竟有没有,to,，其实有个窍门：使役动词或感官动词前有,be,，则有,to,；没,be,，则没,to,。,1含有“使役”动词的被动语态类似：Tom saw Lucy,17,2,双宾句的被动语态,My mother gives,Lily,a pen.,Lily is given a pen by my mother,.,A pen is given to Lily by my mother.,间接,宾语,直接,宾语,2双宾句的被动语态My mother gives Lily,18,3,感官动词（,look,smell,taste,feel,sound,等）用主动结构表示被动。,如：,The,flower smells nice,.,The,cake tastes delicious,.,The,watch looks beautiful.,3感官动词（look,smell,taste,feel,19,4,不及物,动词及部分短语（,happen,cost,take place,break out,等）没有被动语态。,如：,Great,changes were taken place in China,.(),Great changes took place in China.(),4不及物动词及部分短语（happen,cost,take,20,中考真题面对面,()1,.(2019,广东,)It is said that one Greater Bay Area,university _,in,Guangdong in the future.,A,.will be,built B,.,build,C,.will,build D,.is built,()2,.(2018,广东,)Many shops in,China _ to,shut down as a new law against,ivory(,象牙,)trade came into effect on January lst,2018.,A,.,ordered B,.,didnt order,C,.were,ordered D,.,werent,ordered,C,A,中考真题面对面()1.(2019广东)It,21,中考真题面对面,()3,.(2017,广东,)The waiter told me that free,parking _ for,the hotel guests.,A,.,provides B,.,provided,C,.will be,provided D,.was provided,()4,.(2016,广东,)He,Jiang _ to,give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month.,A.invites,B,.invited,C,.is,invited D,.was invited,D,D,中考真题面对面()3.(2017广东)Th,22,中考真题面对面,()5,.(2015,广东,)Have you heard of the song,Little Apple,?,Yes.,It _ every,morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs.,A,.is played,B,.,plays,C,.was,played D,.,played,A,中考真题面对面()5.(2015广东)H,23,中考真题面对面,()6,.(2014,广东,)Although Flight MH370 has been missing for months,I do believe,it _ some,day in the future.,A,.will find,B,.,wont find,C,.will be found,D,.,wont,be,found,()7,.(2013,广东,),It _ last,week that the,haze(,雾霾,)in Beijing caused many problems.,A,.,reports B,.,reported,C,.is reported,D,.was,reported,C,D,中考真题面对面()6.(2014广东)Al,24,中考真题面对面,()8,.(2012,广东,)Hot,water _ in,the,students flats,from 5,p.m,.to 7,p.m,.now.,A,.,supplies B,.is,supplied,C,.,supplied D,.was supplied,()9,.(2011,广东,)People who drink,wine _ to,drive after May Day.,A,.,d
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