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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,Sophia,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/10/30,Sophia,*,Work And Family Life,UNIT17,About Australia,Introduction,Australian work and family life,In the penal colony,In a free migration and free market economy,In Australia today,2012/10/30,2,By Sophia,Australia as a Penal Colony,beginning of the penal colony,women in the penal colony,family life in the penal colony,convict laborers and workers,2012/10/30,3,By Sophia,Beginning of the penal colony,After European settlement in 1788,Australia was politically organized as a number of separate British colonies,eventually six in all.,2012/10/30,4,Sophia,New south,Wales,South Australia,Victoria,Western Australia,Queensland,Tasmania,2012/10/30,5,Sophia,The first period of the colonization of Australia,lasting from 1788 to the 1830s,was based largely on the“unfree”labor of the convicts:,NSW,Tasmania and Queensland convict colonies,Victoria and South Australia free or non-convict,Western Australia free colony convict labor convict colony for 19 years until 1869,In the 1830s,In 1828,In 1850,In 1788,So,the first generations of non-Aboriginal,native-born Australians were born and reared in the convict and non-convict families of NSW.,2012/10/30,6,Sophia,family life in the convict colony,Next Part:,2012/10/30,7,2012/10/30,8,Lyn,2012/10/30,9,Lyn,2012/10/30,10,Lyn,2012/10/30,11,Lyn,2012/10/30,12,Lyn,2012/10/30,13,Lyn,2012/10/30,14,Lyn,2012/10/30,15,Lyn,Now.,Lets welcome the next teacher!,2012/10/30,16,Lyn,-convict laborers and workers,work life in the penal colony,.Convict:,Most convicts servants&labors,Some convicts convict tradesmen&clerical administrative workers,.Rarely received wages :imported rum In 1810,earned money after 3 oclock,.The pastoralists(the major landowners),built their wealth on the unpaid convict laborers.,Rose,Emancipist(free workers),.These early generations created,family business(in shop or inns),building works,small factories and farms,.some people gained great success,Emancipists became lawyers,architects,editors,successful business people(Elizabeth and James Ruse),and government administrators,By the 1820s,third of the richest men in the colony were emancipists,By 1821,the population of NWSincreased to 40,000,most women were“free colonists”,2012/10/30,18,Rose,James Ruse Agricultural High School,Barrengarry House,the administration block,Barrengarry House,the administration block,2012/10/30,19,Rose,From convict transportation to“free”migration,By the early 1820s:,free migration and free market economy,This move was opposed by some,especially the pastoralists,牧民,and the merchant class,who wanted to maintain the transportation as a source of,cheap labour,.,2012/10/30,20,Tiffany,From convict transportation to“free”migration,In 1840:convict transportation was suspended in NSW,In 1852:convict transportation was suspended,in Van Diemens land,In 1868:in Western Australia,2012/10/30,21,Tiffany,the modern system of the Australian Political Economy (the 1830s and 1840s),1842:the agitation against transportation in NSW,The middle of 19,th,century:selfgovernment,In the 1850s:gold strikes,2012/10/30,22,Tiffany,Work and family life in the expanding“Free Market”society:Mid 19th-Mid 20th Century,Work life in this period was,reconstructed,around the“free market”model:that the economy would be largely based on the class system of individual entrepreneurs,（企业家）,investing in agricultural and industrial business.,So the convict colony gave way to a class economy.,2012/10/30,23,Tiffany,Work and family life in the expanding“Free Market”society:Mid 19th-Mid 20th Century,The three major class groups in this period were the“free labourers”who sold their labour on the“free labour market”,their employers,who had invested capital to develop,agricultural,mining,and,industrial,businesses,and needed to employ the workers labour to produce their commodities,（商品）,.,2012/10/30,24,Tiffany,Work and family life in the expanding“Free Market”society:Mid 19th-Mid 20th Century,Many migrants wanted to become self-employed workers rather than employees.,The“free market”system became less“free”and more controlled by the government.,In
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