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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,定语从句,简单有趣地学习定语从句,定语从句简单有趣地学习定语从句,1,01.,什么是定语从句？,02.,定语从句的相关概念,03.,定语从句的关系词,04.,定语从句练习题,目录,01.什么是定语从句？02.定语从句的相关概念03.定语从句,2,01.,什么是定语从句？,01.什么是定语从句？,3,在讲定语从句之前,我们先来回忆一下什么是定语,还记得小学语文中的缩写句子吗？,话不多说，上例子：,01.,什么是定语从句？,在讲定语从句之前01.什么是定语从句？,4,1,班的语文老师讲了一个关于小红帽打败大灰狼的故事。,01.,什么是定语从句？,如何缩写上述句子？先分析成分,1,班的语文,老师讲了,一个关于小红帽打败大灰狼的,故事。,主语,定语,谓语,宾语,定语,所以，答案就是：,老师讲了故事。,修饰,修饰,1班的语文老师讲了一个关于小红帽打败大灰狼的故事。01.什么,5,看了上面的例子，大家知道什么是定语了吧！,01.,什么是定语从句？,没错，一句话总结就是：,修饰名词或代词的词语就是！,那定语从句又是什么呢？,猜想一下：,当定语变成句子了是不是就是定语从句了呢？,形容词？,看了上面的例子，大家知道什么是定语了吧！01.什么是定语从句,6,01.,什么是定语从句？,语文和英语中定语的定义一样都是用来修饰名词或代词的下面我们来看一下英语中的定语：,The beautiful and cute,girl is Jane.,主语,谓语,宾语,定语,修饰,01.什么是定语从句？语文和英语中定语的定义一样都是用来修,7,所以，定语从句就是：,01.,什么是定语从句？,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，在整个句子中作定语。,要判断一个从句是不是定语从句，,只要看他修饰的是什么词就行，,如果修饰的是名词或代词，那么就是定语从句。,如何判断定语从句呢？,所以，定语从句就是：01.什么是定语从句？在复合句中修饰名词,8,01.,什么是定语从句？,判断下面句子里有没有定语从句，如果有，用括号标注出来。,1.Is there anything that you dont understand about the problem?,2.His friends asked him,what TV shows he watched last night.,3.I have a sister who works in Shanghai.,4.The building that stands by the river is our school.,5.,You might think,that sleepwalking would happen during active sleep.,6.Please show me the book whose cover is red.,小试牛刀,01.什么是定语从句？判断下面句子里有没有定语从句，如果有，,9,01.,什么是定语从句？,判断下面句子里有没有定语从句，如果有，用括号标注出来。,1.Is there anything that you dont understand about the problem?,2.His friends asked him,what TV shows he watched last night.,3.I have a sister who works in Shanghai.,4.The building that stands by the river is our school.,5.,You might think that,sleepwalking would happen during active sleep.,6.Please show me the book whose cover is red.,（,）,定语从句,（,）,宾语从句,（,）,定语从句,（,）,定语从句,（,）,宾语从句,（,）,定语从句,01.什么是定语从句？判断下面句子里有没有定语从句，如果有，,10,02.,定语从句的相关概念,02.定语从句的相关概念,11,02.,定语从句的相关概念,先行词：,在定语从句中，被修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定,语从句之前。,关系词：,关系词用来引导定语从句，也就是连接主句和从句,的词语，在句子中充当一定的成分。分为关系代词,和关系副词。,定语从句的一般结构：,先行词,+,关系词,+,定语从句,02.定语从句的相关概念先行词：在定语从句中，被修饰的词叫先,12,02.,定语从句的相关概念,Is there anything that,you dont understand about the problem?,先行词,关系词,定语从句,什么是关系词呢？,02.定语从句的相关概念Is there anything,13,03.,定语从句的关系词,03.定语从句的关系词,14,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词,关系代词,所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当,主语、宾语、表语,等成分。,关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。,that,which,who,whom,whose,有什么区别呢？,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物,15,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,即可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。,Is he the m,an,that,wants to see you?,He is the,man,that,I saw yesterday.,（,）,（,）,(that在从句中作,主语,),(that在从句中作,宾语,),03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that即可指人，也可指物，,16,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,which,只可指物，在从句中主语、宾语、表语或定语。,A pros,perity,which/that,has never been seen before appears in the countryside.,The pack,age,which/that,you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.,（,）,（,）,（,）,that,和,which,都可以指物，有什么区别呢？,(,which/,that在从句中作,主语,),(,which/,that在从句中作,宾语,),03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：which只可指物，在从句中,17,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(1)不定代词 anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little为先行词时;,Finally,the thief handed,everything,that,he had stolen to the police.,最终，小偷偷的所有东西全部交给了警察。,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,18,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(2)先行词为 the only,the very,the just时;,He is,the very man,that,helped the girl out of the water.,他从水中救起了那个女孩。,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,19,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(3)先行词被序数词、数词、形容词或最高级修饰时;,The first English book,that,I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain.,我读的第一本书是马克吐温写的王子与贫儿。,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,20,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(4)先行词既有人又有物时;,He talked about,the teachers and school,that,he visited.,他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,21,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that;,Who,is,the person,that,is standing at the gate?,那个站在门口的人是谁?,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,22,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,特殊情况:,有六种情况只可用that:,(6)关系代词在从句中作表语时;,He is not,the man,that,he used to,be,.,他以前不是这样的人。,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：that 和 which 的,23,03.,定语从句的关系词,不能用that的情况：,（,1,）介词前置时;,（,2,）非限定性定语从句中;,（,3,）先行词本身是that。,注:,which,在定语从句中,指物,，可作主语、及物动词或介词的宾语，,作宾语时可省略;,that,在定语从句中,既可指人又可指物,，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，,作宾语时可省略,。,指人时，相当于who或whom;,指物时，相当于which，作介词宾语时，介词不可提到that前，当介词提前时，需要用which或whom来代替。,关系代词：,that,和,which,的区别,03.定语从句的关系词不能用that的情况：关系代词：tha,24,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,who,只可指人，在从句中主语、宾语。（做宾语可省略）,The man,(who),I talked with is our teacher.,A person,who,steals things is called a thief.,(who,在从句中作,宾语,，,可省,),(who,在从句中做,主语,，,不可省,),（,）,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：who只可指人，在从句中主语,25,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,whom,只可指人，在从句中宾语。（做宾语可省略,如介词提前不可省）,The man,(whom/who),I talked to is Mr.Wang.,The man,to whom,I talked is Mr.Wang.,(who/whom,在从句中作,宾语,，,可省,),(whom,在从句中做,宾语,，,前有介词不可省,),（,）,（,）,03.定语从句的关系词关系代词：whom只可指人，在从句中宾,26,03.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：,whose,用来指人或物，只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同,of which,互换。意为,“.,的,”,They rushed over to help,the man,whose,car had broken down.,那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。,Please pass me,the book,whose,cover is green.,=Please pass me the book,the cover,of which,is green.,请递给我那本绿皮的书。,意为这个
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