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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高化学(huxu)开环聚合,第一页,共22页。,开环聚合(jh)的单体:,环醚、环酯、环酰胺、环硅氧烷、环硫化物等。,Kinetically,Themodynamically,第二页,共22页。,Free Energy for Ring-Opening Polymerization,For cycloalkanes,but trends is the same for heteroatomic ring,3,45,71112以上(yshng),6,Ring Stability,第三页,共22页。,Representative monomers,It is difficult to find some reaction pathway to open cycloalkane!,(Kinetically unfavorable,nonpolar),第四页,共22页。,Polymerization mechanism,Anionic polymerization,Cationic polymerization,第五页,共22页。,8.1 聚醚与非离子(lz)表面活性剂的制备,CH3O-Na+EO CH3OEO-Na+,以乙二醇为起始(q sh)剂,环氧乙烷开环聚合物为聚乙二醇或聚醚二醇H(OCH2CH2)nOH,分子量不等(2005000),主要用作聚氨酯的预聚体,阴离子开环聚合(jh),第六页,共22页。,非离子型表面(biomin)活性剂的制备,交换(jiohun)反应(引入长链R),第七页,共22页。,表8-4 聚醚型非离子(lz)表面活性剂,起始剂,环氧乙烷加成物,N,wt%EO,HLB,烷基酚,R-C,6,H,4,OH(C=89),C,9,H,19,-C,6,H,4,O(EO),n,H,1.540,2090,4.617.8,脂肪醇,ROH(C=1218),C,16,H,33,O(EO),n,H,250,1590,脂肪醇,ROH(C=818),RO(PO),m,(,EO),n,H,m8,2595,脂肪酸,RCOOH(C=1117),RCOO(EO),n,H,丙二醇,HOC,3,H,6,OH,HO(EO),a,(PO),b,(EO),a,H,b=1556,1080,第八页,共22页。,环氧丙烷阴离子开环聚合(jh),第九页,共22页。,8.2,环醚的阳离子开环,胺纶,第十页,共22页。,羰基(tn j)化合物(carbonyl compound)的聚合,Reactivity Considerations,第十一页,共22页。,(Kinetically unfavorable,nonpolar),(stability,C=OC=C),非离子型表面(biomin)活性剂的制备,Ring Stability,Reactivity Considerations,Cationic polymerization,脂肪酸 RCOOH(C=1117),RCOO(EO)nH,谢谢(xi xie)观看,Cationic polymerization,谢谢(xi xie)观看,脂肪醇 ROH(C=818),Anionic polymerization,Themodynamically,Stablization,Anionic polymerization,Cationic polymerization,第十二页,共22页。,Thermodynamic considerations,(stability,C=OC=C),H=29 kJ/mol,第十三页,共22页。,聚甲醛的制备(zhbi),第十四页,共22页。,Stablization,Kinetically stable!,第十五页,共22页。,己内酰胺开环聚合(jh),阴离子聚合 主要用于模内浇铸(MC)技术(jsh),即以碱金属引发己内酰胺成预聚体,浇铸入模内,继续聚合成整体铸件,制备大型机械零部件,成为工程塑料。,第十六页,共22页。,聚硅氧烷的制备(zhbi),第十七页,共22页。,第十八页,共22页。,聚酯,Polyesters,第十九页,共22页。,合成(hchng)多肽,Polypeptide,第二十页,共22页。,Polyphosphazenes,聚磷氮烯,第二十一页,共22页。,谢谢(xi xie)观看,第二十二页,共22页。,
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