刘津瑜行会与馈赠讲座

,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,刘津瑜,美国德堡大学古典系,北京大学西方古典学中心,2023年3月28日,社团与馈赠：,罗马帝国城市生活新探,InscrAqu-01,00676(Aquileia),D(is)M(anibus)sacr(atum)/collegium sacr(um)Mart(is)/C(aius)Licinius Onesimus/Licinia Clymene/C(aius)Titius C(ai)f(ilius)Peregrinus/Barbia L(uci)l(iberta)Amanda/Goppia Sex(ti)f(ilia)Tertia/C(aius)Caesonius Aprilis/Fortunatus/P(ublius)Mutilius Aprio/C(aius)Marcinius Eupras/C(aius)Helvius Synecdemus/L(ucius)Allius Omuncio/C(aius)Baebius Clario/M(arcus)Calidius Marcellus/Fortunatus/A(ulus)Barbius Zmaragdus medic(us)/quisquis collega debitor fuerit/loculo si decesserit sive vivos/recesserit in honc(!)locum non/inferetur.,Funerary dimension:,This inscription comes from the sacred association of Mars.It includes a member list,and a stipulation that whoever member is in arrear will not be able to be buried in the(communal)burial plot.,主要史料：,碑铭,Ancient collegia,罗马时代旳社团、行会,vs Medieval guilds,中世纪旳行会,Are they comparable?,类似吗,？,不类似：,Self-sufficiency theory,（,esp.M.I.Finley),The scale of Roman economy?,类似,Multiple functions of these organizations(Van Nijf,etc.),Social Capital theory and New Institutional Economics explanation(esp.A.Monson,C.Hawkins,P.Bang),Legislations suppressing/regulating collegia:,The Twelve Tables,(,Dig,.47.22.4,Gaius):,Sodales sunt,qui eiusdem collegii sunt,quam Graeci hetairian vocant.His autem potestatem facit lex,pactionem,quam uelint,sibi ferre,dum ne quid ex publica lege currumpant.,(,collegia,had the right to make internal agreements(,leges,pactiones,)as they wished,provided that they did not violate public law.),64 BC:,a,senatus consultum,abolished“those,collegia,that seemed to have been established in conflict with the public interest”(,collegia sublata sunt quae adversus rem publicam videbantur esse constituta,).(,Asconius.,Pis,.8),55 BC:,Lex Licinia de sodaliciis,“,Frequenter tum etiam coetus factiosorum hominum sine publica auctoritate malo publico fiebant:propter quod postea collegia et s(enatus)c(onsultis)et pluribus legibus sunt sublata praeter pauca et certa quae utilitas ciuitatis desiderasset,sicut fabrorum fictorumque,.”(,Asconius),Caesar:,cuncta collegia,praeter antiquitus,constituta,distraxit,(Suetonius,Iul,.42.),Augustuss reign,:,plurimae factiones titulo collegi noui ad nullius non facinoris societatem coibant.Igitur collegia praeter antiqua et legitima dissoluit,.(Suet.,Aug,.32.1),Flavian Dynasty:,Rubric.Concerning assembly,society,and college.,No one is to take part in an assembly(,coetus,)in that,municipium,or to form a society(,sodalicium,)or college(,collegium,)for that purpose or to conspire that it be held or to act in such a way that any of these things occur.Anyone who acts against these rules is to be condemned to pay 10,000 sesterces to the citizens of the,Municipium Flauium Irnitanum,.And the right of action,suit,and claim of that money and concerning that money is to belong to any citizen of that,municipium,(lex Irnitana,Chapter 74),Marcian:,Dig.,47.22.1.1:,si qua fuerint illicita,mandatis et constitutionibus et senatus consultis dissolvuntur:sed permittitur eis,cum dissolvuntur,pecunias communes si quas habent dividere pecuniamque inter se partiri.,Dig,.47.22.3:,Sed religionis causa coire non prohibentur,dum tamen per hoc non fiat contra senatus consultum,quo illicita collegia arcentur,.,Dig.,47.22.1.2(Marcian):,non licet autem amplius quam unum collegium legitmum habere,ut est constitutum et a divis fratribus,Formal structural features of a,collegium,:,the by-laws(,lex collegii,),会规,Magistrates,管理人员,membership requirements,入会原则,common treasury(,pecuniae communes;arka),共同财产和活动经费,patron or patrons,正式旳庇护人,一次性捐赠旳形式,CIL 11,06358=ILS 06654(Pisaurum),The local collegium fabrum made a dedication to,Lucius Apuleius Brasida,who was an Augustalis with decurial decorations ornament(a)/decurional(ia)honor(ato),as well as patron and magistrate of the collegium,for his generosity.On the occasion of the dedication,he gave 50 sersterces to each collegium member.,一次性捐赠旳形式,CIL,III.11042=,RIU,II.503(,Brigetio,Pannonia superior,;,220 AD),Meeting place,(schola)of the collegium purchased by the money given by Q.Ulpius Felix,prefect(?)of the collegium centonariorum,while he was alive,The sheer numbers of,scholae,make them an important factor in the urban landscape,捐赠旳规模,Purposes of endowments,捐赠旳用途,会规案例,The by-laws of the association of Asclapius and Hygiea(,CIL,VI 10234=,ILS,7213,Rome),(Its a very long text.I give the summary here.),In 153 AD,Salvia C.f.Marcellina donated a shrine/tomb with upper storey,a marble statue of Asclapius,and the adjacent covered terrace,where the members of the association may feast,in memory of her husband and his boss,an impe