英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2《Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版)

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Section,Grammar & Writing,Section Grammar & Writing,动词,ing,形式作主语和宾语,一、动词,ing,形式作主语,1,动词,ing,形式作主语时，常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。,Swimming is my favourite sport.,游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。,Seeing is believing.,眼见为实。,动词ing形式作主语和宾语,2,在,“,It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time/fun,等,”,之后需用动名词作真正的主语。,It,s no use waiting for him any longer.,再等他是没有用的。,It,s a waste of time arguing about it.,争论此事是没有用的。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),二、动词,ing,形式作宾语,1,可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住：,避免错过少延期,(avoid,，,miss,，,postpone),建议完成多练习,(advise,，,finish,，,practise),喜欢想象禁不住,(enjoy,，,imagine,，,can,t help),承认否定与嫉妒,(admit,，,deny,，,envy),逃避冒险莫原谅,(escape,，,risk,，,excuse),忍受保持不介意,(stand,，,keep,，,mind),英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),We were lucky to escape being punished.,我们很幸运，没有受罚。,I tried to avoid making the same mistake.,我尽力避免犯同样的错误。,I can,t stand being treated like that.,我受不了被那样对待。,She can,t help crying when she heard the bad news.,当她听到坏消息时她忍不住哭了起来。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),2,英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动词,ing,形式作宾语。,常见的跟动词,ing,形式作宾语的动词短语有,insist on,，,object to,，,be good at,，,lead to,，,put off,，,give up,，,look forward to,，,feel like,，,devote to,，,get used to,，,pay attention to,等。,He insisted on doing it in his own way.,他坚持要按照自己的方法做。,The old couple have got used to living in the countryside.,这对老夫妇已习惯生活在乡下了。,2英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动词ing形式作宾语。,3,在有些动词的后面，如：,start,，,begin,，,continue,等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。,They continued working/to work as if nothing had hap,pened.,他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),4,在,love,，,hate,，,prefer,，,like,等动词后接动词,ing,形式作宾语指经常性的情况，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。,He preferred staying in the house when it rained.,天下雨时他宁愿待在家里。,(,用动词,ing,形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都留在家里。,),I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.,今天下午我宁愿留在家里。,(,用动词不定式作宾语，指今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。,),4在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),Having finished the exercises,，,we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.,做完练习以后，我们继续学习下一单元的生词。,After a short rest,，,they went on working.,短暂的休息之后，他们又继续工作。,He stopped talking when the bell rang.,铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。,While working,，,he stopped to talk with Tom at times.,工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。,Having finished the exercises，,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),三、动词,ing,形式的否定形式,动词,ing,形式的否定形式通常是在其前加,not,，带有逻辑主语时,not,应放在动词,ing,形式之前。,Excuse me for my not coming on time.,请原谅我没按时到。,Not wanting to continue my service in the factory,，,I joined the army.,由于不想继续在这家工厂工作了，我就参了军。,三、动词ing形式的否定形式,四、动词,ing,形式的复合结构,动词,ing,形式的复合结构的构成方式为：名词所有格,/,形容词性物主代词动词,ing,形式。此结构多在句中作主语和宾语等，其中名词所有格,/,形容词性物主代词是动词,ing,形式的逻辑主语。当该复合结构作宾语时，名词所有格可用普通格代替，形容词性物主代词可用代词宾格代替，但作主语时不可以。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),Do you mind my/me coming late for the film?,我看电影迟到你介意吗？,Mary,s being late for class made her teacher very angry.,玛丽上课迟到让她老师非常生气。,Her coming to help encouraged all of us.,她来帮忙鼓舞了我们。,Do you mind my/me/Jack,s/Jack leaving now?,你介意我,/,杰克现在离开吗？,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),五、动词,ing,形式的时态,在时态上，动词,ing,有一般式,(doing),和完成式,(having done),两种形式。当动词,ing,形式表示的动作发生的时间不明确，或与谓语动作同时发生，或发生在谓语动作之后时，用动词,ing,形式的一般式；当动词,ing,表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，常用其完成式。,I enjoy playing football.(playing,表示的时间概念不明确,),He,s been used to going to bed late.(going to bed,与,has been used to,同时发生,),I,m sorry for not having kept my promise.(not having kept my promise,发生在,I,m sorry,之前,),五、动词ing形式的时态,需要特别注意的是，有时候通过上下文可以明显地看出动词,ing,动作和谓语动作的先后时间关系，或者在一些动词,(,如,remember,，,forget,，,regret),和动词短语,(,如,excuse sb.for,，,thank sb.for),中，尽管动词,ing,表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，我们也常用其一般式来代替完成式，或者两种形式通用。,Thank you very much for having helped me a lot.,Thank you very much for helping me a lot.,谢谢你帮了我这么多忙。,需要特别注意的是，有时候通过上下文可以明显地看出动词ing,六、动词,ing,形式的语态,在语态上，动词,ing,形式有主动式,(doing,，,having done),和被动式,(being done, having been done),。主动式表示主动意义，被动式表示被动意义。,He insisted on sending her to hospital.,他坚持要把她送到医院去。,He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside.,他坚持要被派到乡下工作。,六、动词ing形式的语态,.,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1,_(,不会用,)a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research.(use),答案：,Not being able to use/Being unable to use/Not being capable of using/Being incapable of using,2,It,s no use_(argue)with Tom because he will never change his mind.,答案：,arguing,.用所给动词的适当形式填空,3,The girl has to practice_(play) the piano for 2 hours per day.,答案：,playing,4,When he heard the news,，,he couldn,t help _ (jump)with joy.,答案：,jumping,5,I think I,ll have to give up_(play) football because of the coming examination.,答案：,playing,3The girl has to practice_,6,They are considering_(go) to Hainan for the summer holidays.,答案：,going,7,The cat ran away to avoid_(catch),答案：,being caught,8,The book is worth_(read),答案：,reading,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),.,单项填空,1,(2012,北京高考,),One learns a language by making mistakes and_them.,A,corrects,B,correct,C,to correct D,correcting,解析：,考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：一个人的语言学习是通过不断地犯错误并改正错误来实现的。介词,by,后为动名词,making,，,and,表示并列关系，因此,and,前后非谓语动词形式一致，故选择,D,项。,答案：,D,.单项填空,2,(2012,辽宁高考,),Rod loves_clocks.However,，,he never manages to put them together again.,A,taking apart B,giving away,C,making up D,turning off,解析：,考查动词词组辨析。句意：,Rod,喜欢拆时钟。然而，他从来没有能再组装上过。,take apart,“,拆卸，拆开,”,。,give away,“,赠送，泄露,”,；,make up,“,编造，虚构，组成，化妆，补上，和解,”,；,turn off,“,关掉,”,。,答案：,A,2(2012辽宁高考)Rod loves_c,3,(2012,福建高考,),China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from_in the South China Sea.,A,attacking B,having attacked,C,being attacked D,having been attacked,解析：,句意：最近，中国为了保护中国渔船在南海不受到袭击，加强了黄岩岛附近水域的管辖。,prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.,“,阻止某人,/,某物做某事,”,，根据句意可知，,attack,与,fishing boats,之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故选,C,项。,答案：,C,3(2012福建高考)China recently tig,4,To our surprise,，,the girl is considering_to live in Tibet.,A,to move B,to have moved,C,moving D,having moved,解析：,句意：让我们惊奇的是，那个女孩正在考虑搬去西藏住。表示,“,考虑做某事,”,，,consider,后跟动名词作宾语；此处表示尚未实现的动作，应用动名词的一般式。,答案：,C,4To our surprise，the girl is,5,_from the job for a long time makes my father have a sense of loss.,A,Retire B,Retiring,C,Have retired D,Having retired,解析：,句意：退休那么长时间使我父亲有一种失落感。句子缺少主语，且,retire,这一动作发生在句子谓语动词,makes,之前，故用动名词的完成式。动词原形与,have done,均不能作主语；,retiring,表示与谓语动词同时发生或在其后发生。,答案：,D,5_from the job for a l,6,I still remember_to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.,A,to take B,to be taken,C,taking D,being taken,解析：,句意：我仍旧记得被带到法门寺以及在那里所看到的一切。,remember doing sth.,“,记得做过某事,”,，再根据句意选择其被动形式。,答案：,D,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),7,The customers objected to_unfairly in the course of shopping.,A,be treated B,being treated,C,treating D,having treated,解析：,句意：顾客们反对在购物过程中遭受不公平待遇。,object to,中,to,是介词，后跟动名词作宾语；,customers,与,treat,是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。,答案：,B,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),8,We made the right choice.It,s nice_the holiday at the beach.,A,spent B,being spent,C,spending D,spend,解析：,句意：我们做了正确的选择。在海边度假很惬意。第二个句子中,it,是形式主语，句子缺少真正主语，故排除,A,、,D,两项；,spend,的逻辑主语是,we,，其后带有宾语,the holiday,，故用动名词的一般式。,答案：,C,8We made the right choice.It,9,I regret_you that Tom regretted_you his deskmate.Your characters differ greatly.,A,telling,；,making B,to tell,；,to make,C,telling,；,to make D,to tell,；,making,解析：,句意：我很遗憾地告诉你汤姆后悔跟你做了同桌。你们的性格差别太大了。,regret to do,“,遗憾地要去做,”,；,regret doing,“,后悔做过,”,。根据句意判断，第一空用不定式，第二空用动名词。,答案：,D,9I regret_you that Tom,10,I didn,t mean_you.I just wanted to warn you against doing such a thing.,A,to hurt B,hurting,C,to have hurt D,hurt,解析：,句意：我没打算伤害你，只是想提醒你不要做那样的事。,mean doing sth.,“,意味着做某事,”,，,mean to do sth.,“,打算做某事,”,。根据句意判断此处应用不定式作宾语，且句中强调的是一个过去发生的事实，用不定式的一般式即可。,答案：,A,10I didnt mean_you.I,11,I forgot_the clock,，,so I got up late this morning.,A,to set up B,setting up,C,have set up D,having set up,解析：,句意：我忘了设闹钟，所以今天早上起晚了。,forget to do,“,忘记做某事,”,，,forget doing,“,忘记做过某事,”,，由后面的,“,起晚了,”,可知没设闹钟，故选,A,项。,答案：,A,11I forgot_the clock，s,12,The man insisted_a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.,A,to find B,find,C,finding D,on finding,解析：,insist on doing sth.,“,坚持做某事,”,，是固定搭配。,答案：,D,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),13,I prefer_down in the quiet countryside _in the noisy cities.,A,settle,；,to live,B,to settle,；,to live,C,settling,；,to living D,settling,；,rather than living,解析：,prefer doing to doing,或,prefer to do rather than do,是正确搭配。,答案：,C,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),14,Whether you believe it or not,，,it is_that causes your illness.,A,because of your overweight,B,because you are overweight,C,you are so overweight,D,your being overweight,解析：,考查强调句型。在本题中，被强调部分为动名词的复合结构，并在句中作主语，正常语序为,your being overweight causes your illness,。,答案：,D,14Whether you believe it or n,15,Henry doesn,t seem to be what he was.,No._so many terrible things in the war has made him more thoughtful.,A,Seen B,His seeing,C,Having seen D,To have seen,解析：,考查动名词的复合结构在句中作主语，其构成为,“,形容词性物主代词,/,名词所有格动名词,”,。,答案：,B,15Henry doesnt seem to be w,如何写好海报,【,写作指导,】,一、海报的作用,海报主要用来向公众发布电影、戏剧、比赛、报告会、展览会等消息，具有广告宣传的性质。,如何写好海报,二、写作要领,1,文体特点：,“,短小精悍,”,是海报突出的文体特点。因此，写海报要做到主旨鲜明，言简意赅，用词准确。,2,语言特点：海报语言要生动，富有鼓动性。,3,标题写作：标题一般写在上方正中。标题可以反映海报的核心内容，如,football match(,足球比赛,),，,lecture(,讲座,),，,film news(,影讯,),等，也可直接写,POSTER,。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),4,写作内容：海报的正文内容要写明具体内容、活动时间、地点，以及某些规定、要求、组织者等。内容的表现形式比较自由，根据实际情况和表达效果的需要可考虑用什么字体、字形，用什么样的形式，是否配图画等，可按行排列也可逐项说明。,5,落款：出海报的单位、团体名称一般写在右下角，日期写在署名下一行的左下角，有时候也可不写日期。,6,时态：一般用现在时和将来时。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),【,白金模板,】,Poster(,标题,),There will be a,.,(,具体内容,),Time,：,(,时间,),Place,：,(,地点,),For further information,，,please contact,/call,/visit our website,(,未尽事宜请,),(,出海报的单位、团体名称,),(,出海报时间,),【白金模板】,某茶社为了顺应时代潮流，购进了一批绿色茶叶饮品。为了顺利销售，扩大营业额，欲在其店外张贴海报。请你以该茶社的名义写一幅海报以帮助其招揽客人，出售其产品。,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),内容要点如下：,1,新进绿茶采购于本省某著名绿茶生产基地，质量有保证。,2,茶叶为纯有机绿茶，绝对未受任何污染，且未施化肥。,3,有机绿茶可以防治许多疾病，醒脑提神。,4,价格优惠，欲购从速。,注意：,1.,词数：,100,左右。,2,可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,3,参考词汇：优惠的,preferential,；保证,guarantee,。,内容要点如下：,【,写作要点,】,1,采购于本省著名绿茶生产基地，质量有保证。,采购于,_ _,质量有保证,_ _,答案：,purchased/bought from,the quality guaranteed,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),2,绿茶可以预防疾病，醒脑提神。,预防疾病,_ _,使某人恢复精神,_ _,答案：,prevent diseases,refresh sb.,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),3,绿茶被证明对健康有益。,被证明是,_ _,对,有益,_ _,答案：,prove to be.,be good for,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),【,连句成篇,】,One possible version,：,Welcome to buy green tea here,We sell only green tea in this shop,！,Preferential price will be offered!,Purchased from the well,known green tea production base in our province,；,the quality guaranteed,.,Pure green tea,，,without being infected,with any pollution,，,above all,，,without any fertilizers.,【连句成篇】,Green tea can prevent many kinds of diseases and,refresh you,.,Green tea,proves to be good for people,s health,.Drinking more than two cups of green tea every day will,make you healthy and happy,.Buy it as soon as possible!,Tea Shop,英语必修4备课ppt课件：Unit_2Working_the_land_Grammar(人教版),