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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Words and Expressions,必修三,Unit,4,1.astronomy/n.C/,天文学,New discoveries were made in astronomy,geography and medicine.,astronomer,/n./,天文学家,I joined the Young Astronomers Club.,astronaut,/,n.C,/,宇航员,Yang,Liwei,becomes the first Chinese astronaut.,2.system/n.C/,系统，体系；制度；,/n.U/,条理，秩序,the solar system,太阳系,a social system,社会制度,under the new/old system,在新,/,旧制度下,They have an alarm system in the house.,他们房子里装有报警系统。,3.theory/n.U/,理论,We should combine theory with practice.,evolution theory,进化论,in theory,理论上,4.violent/adj./,violent,/adj./,猛烈的；激烈的；,violently,/adv./,猛烈地；凶猛地,violence,/n./,暴力，暴行,with violence,猛烈地，强有力地,have a violent temper,脾气暴躁,takeby violence,抢夺,.,Whatever happens,we will never use violence.,5.unlike/prep./&/adj./,unlikely,/adj./,不大可能的,likely,/adj./,可能的,It is likely that,很可能,.,be likely to do sth.,可能做某事,Unlike his father,Tom is humorous and easygoing.,6.harmful/adj./,be harmful to,对,有害,harm,/n./&/v./,损害，伤害,do sb.harm/do harm to,对,.,有害,There is no harm(in)doing sth.,=It does no harm(for sb.)to do sth.,（某人,),做某事无害处,7.exist/v./,存在，生存,exist as,作,.,而生存，以,形态存在,exist on,靠,.,生活,/,生存,exist in,存在于,.,中,There exist(s)existed.,某地有,.;,存在,.,existence,/n./,存在，生存,come into existence,(=begin to exist),产生，成立,in existence,现存的，存在的,8.puzzle/n./,谜，难题,/v./,（使）迷惑,puzzle about/over,苦苦思索，仔细琢磨,puzzled,/adj./,迷惑不解的；困惑的,be/feel puzzled at/about.,对,.,感到迷惑,puzzling,/adj./,令人费解的,puzzlement,/n./,迷惑,9.physicist/n./,物理学家,physics,/n./,物理（学）,physical,/adj./,肉体的，身体上的,physical labour,体力劳动,physical change,物理变化,physical science,自然科学,physically,/adv./,身体上；肉体上,反义：,metal,物质的，自然界的,10.extict/adj./,(,生物,),绝种的,灭绝的,(,官职等,),废除了的,;,无合法继承人的,(,法令等,),过时的,;,失效的,an extinct family,已绝嗣的家族,an extinct species,已灭绝的物种,an extinct volcano,死火山,All hope was extinct.,一切希望都破灭了。,11.pull/v./&/n./,拉，拖；牵引力,pull down,拆毁,pull through,康复，痊愈,pull up,停车，停止,pull in,(,火车等）到站，进站；,驶向路边（或某处）停靠,Dont worry;your father is going to pull through.,12.exhaust/vt./,使筋疲力尽；用完，耗尽,There is no need to exhaust yourself clearing up.,近义：,tire sb.(out)/wear out,使疲惫不堪,use up=run out of,用完，用光,give out=run out,用完，用光,give out,筋疲力尽,exhausted,/adj./,筋疲力尽的，耗尽的,exhausting,/adj./,令人筋疲力尽的,exhaustive,/adj./,彻底的，全面的,exhaustion,/n./,筋疲力尽，耗尽,1.in time,及时,in time for sb.to do sth.,来得及（做）,.,及时（做）,on time,按时，准时,at times,有时，偶尔,at no time,在任何时候都不；决不,（至于句首时，主句使用部分倒装）,in no time,立即，立刻,at a time,依次,2.lay eggs,下蛋,lay/vt./,放置；安放；产卵，下蛋,She laid the baby down gently on the bed.,Bettys birthday party is going to be held in,the living room,with a dining table already,_for a meal to be cooked.,A.laid B.chosen C.gotten D.had,A,3.give birth to,产生，分娩；引发，造成,by birth,血统上，生来，天生的,at birth,出生时,bring.to birth,使,产生,Religious differences between them gave,birth to a ar.,4.in ones turn,轮到某人,in turn,依次，轮流,take turns in sth./to do sth.,轮流做某事,Its ones turn to do sth.,轮到某人做某事,You can take turns to use the computer.,5.prevent.from,阻止，制止,prevent sb.(from)doing sth.,=stop sb.(from)doing sth.,在主动语态中,from,可以省略，而在被动语态,中,from,不可以省略。,keep sb.from doing sth.,中的,from,无论在主动语态中还是在被动语态中都不可以省略。,protect.from.,表示“保护,.,不受,.,损害”,from,后接能带来伤害或损害之物。,6.cheer up,cheer(sb./sth.)up,（使）感到高兴；,（使）感到振奋,cheer sb.on,为某人加油,cheers!,干杯！,Cheer up!We are near the finishing line.,7.now that,既然，由于,课文原句：“,Oh dear,”,walking does need a bit of practice,now that,gravity has changed.”,now that,引导原因状语，在口语中可以省略,that.,与,now that,意思相近的有,seeing that,since,等。,就像,although/though,不能与,but,连用，,because,不能与,so,连用一样,，,当,now that,引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能加,so,.,辨析,now that/because/since/as/for,now that,说明已经成为事实的原因,.,because,语气最强，回答是用,why,提问的问句，表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。,since,表示间接附带的众所周知的原因，意为“既然”，常放在句首。,as,表示一种明显的、已知的理由，意为“由于”,for,是并列连词，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。,7.now that,既然，由于,注意：引导原因状语的介词短语：,due to,thanks to,because of,as a result of,owning to,on account of,等。,Now(that)you have mentioned it,Ill keep it in mind.,8.get the hang of,得知,的窍门；熟悉某物的用法；,理解某事,Typing is easy once you get the hang of it.,9.break out,突发，爆发,The fire broke out last night in his neighbours further.,break into,强行进入某处,break in,强行进入,break down,停止运转；失败；垮掉,break up,解散，分解,break through,取得突破,10.watch out for,留意,Watch out!There is a car coming.,小心！有车来了。,拓展：,watch over,照顾；监督；保护,keep a watch,守望，注视,be under a close watch,被严密监视,11.block out,1,）,挡住，遮住（光线，声音等）,2,）忘掉，抹去（不愉快的事）,Black clouds blocked out the sun.,The memory was so terrible that she tried to,block it out.,拓展,block off,（用路障）封锁，堵住,block up,塞住，封住（孔、洞）,block ones way,挡住某人的去路,block sth.in/out,草拟；画,.,的简略图,12.depend on/upon,依赖，依靠；取决于,The poor man depends on his son to earn money.,依靠某人做某事,depend on/upon sb.to do sth.,depend on/upon ones doing sth.,That/It(all)depends.,依情况而定。,.,句型透视,1.“so.that”,句型,The earth _(,变得如此猛烈以至于,)it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.,2.“make it possible to do sth.”,结构,This produced a chain reaction,which _(,使生命的生长发育成为一种可能,).,became so violent that,make it possible for life to develop,.,句型透视,3.“,倍数,+as+,adj,./,adv,.+as”,句型,But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried _(,是地球上的两倍远,)and fell over.,4.now that,引
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