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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Present perfect tense &,Present prefect continuous tense,Grammar,Unit 1,Tales of the unexplained,Present perfect tense & Gramma,Lead-in,Look at the following sentences and try,to explain why the tense is used in these,sentences.,Lead-inLook at the following s,1. We,have studied,English for about,five years.,2. They,have lived,there since 1990.,3. She,hasnt finished,her homework yet.,4. Eric,has,just,come,back.,5. How long,have,you,been,here?,1. We have studied English for,1. The form of the present,perfect tense:,We form the present perfect tense with,have/has,and,the past,participle,of the verb.,have (has) +,过去分词,1. The form of the present We,Justin,has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad.,We use the present perfect tense,to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.,Note:,2. The uses of the present perfect tense:,Justin has disappeared, so Kel,I,have not seen,Justin since last Friday night.,We also use the present perfect tense,to talk about something that started in the past and is still happening now.,Note:,I have not seen Justin since l,I,havent seen,you,for,ages.,He,has,just,gone,out.,It,has been,very cold,lately,.,She,has,already,finished,her homework.,He,hasnt seen,her,since,the meeting.,Note:,We use the present perfect tense,when the exact time of an action is not clear or important.,I havent seen you for ages.No,We use it with time expressions such as:,already ever for just lately never recently since yet,We use,already,for affirmative statements,yet,for negative statements.,We use,for,+ a period of time,since,+ a point in time.,We use it with time expression,Note:,We use the present perfect tense,to talk about actions that were,completed only a short time ago.,He,has,just,gone,out.(= He went out a few minutes ago.),I,have,just,heard,the news. (= Now I know the news.),Note: We use the present perfe,Note:,We can also use the present perfect tense,for repeated actions,that is, we use the present perfect tense with the time expressions,once/twice/three times,e.g. They say that they,have been,to,America,many times,.,Note: We can also use the pres,Look at the sentences and find the,difference:,Tom,has rung up,three times this morning.,Now it is still in the morning.,Look at the sentences and find,Tom,rang up,three times this morning.,Now it is,not,still in the morning.,Tom rang up three times this m,Actions occurring in an incomplete period might be indicated by,today,or,this morning/afternoon/ evening/ week/ month/ year/ century or all day/night/week, all the time, always,etc.,Note:,Actions occurring in an incomp,Point out what tense or tenses are used in the sentences and the reasons why they are used.,1. We,have studied,English for about,five years.,We,began,to study it five years ago.,2. They,moved,to the south in 1990 and,have lived,there since then.,Point out what tense or tenses,3. Eric,left,home last year and,has just come,back.,4. They,bought,this house three years ago and they,have lived,here since then.,5. My brother,went,to see my grandpa last week. He,has visited,him three times this month.,3. Eric left home last year an,1 _ you _ my pen? Yes, I _,it on your desk just now. (see),2 _ you _ dinner? Yes, I _ it with Mary. (have),3 _ the postman _ yet this morning?,_ the postman _ this morning?,(come),Have,Have,had,Did,Have,Complete the sentences.,seen,come,come,had,saw,1 _ you _ my pen? Y,The present perfect tense,is,normally,used for an action which,lasts throughout an incomplete period, but with,the past simple tense, we use time expressions which,a fixed point in the past.,Note:,The present perfect tense is n,e.g.,Bill,has smoked,since he left school.,He still smokes.,e.g.Bill has smoked since he l,Bill,smoked,for six months.,It means that he stopped,smoking then.,Bill smoked for six months.It,Sometimes, however,the present perfect tense used for the action finishes at the time of speaking.,e.g. It,has been,very cold lately but its just beginning to get warmer.,On meeting someone, you may say: I,havent seen,you for ages. (But I see you now.),Note:,Sometimes, however, the presen,Note:,The present perfect tense used,for a past action whose time is not definite and often has a result in the present.,e.g. Tom,has had,a bad car crash.,Hes probably still in hospital now.,Note:The present perfect tense,Tom,had,a bad car crash.,He is probably out of,hospital now.,Tom had a bad car crash.He is,(2) _ (3) _,(4) _ (5) _,(6) _ (7) _,(8) _ (9) _,(10) _ (11) _,Answers for the diary:,saw,has visited,loves,hasnt visited,has seen,has never met,has travelled,has found,hasnt found,Has, been,(2) _ (3) _,Look at the sentences:,Sorry.,Have,you,been waiting,long?,I,have been waiting,for an hour.,Look at the sentences:Sorry. H,Past,One hour ago,Present,waiting,arrive,PastOne hour agoPresentwaiting,1. The form of the present perfect continuous tense,：,We form the present perfect continuous tense with,have/has been,and,the present participle,of the verb.,have (has) +been + doing,1. The form of the present per,2. The uses of the present perfect continuous tense:,We sometimes use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that,started in the past and are still continuing, or have just finished but are still connected to the present in some way.,2. The uses of the present per,Answers of Dr Franks website:,(2) _ (3) _,(4)_ (5) _,(6) _,have been talking,have been talking,have been studying,have seen,have been writing,Answers of Dr Franks website:,Present perfect,or,present perfect continuous tense?,She is still reading the book.,Li Jia,has been reading,a book about Stonehenge.,Present perfect or present per,Li Jia,has read,a book about Stonehenge.,She finished reading the book.,She knows the content of the book now.,Li Jia has read a book about S,Note:,We use,the present perfect tense,to talk about,an action completed in the recent past, and,the present prefect continuous tense,for,an action that started in the past and is still happening,.,Note:,I,have visited,Egypt twice this month.,I,have been touring,Egypt for two months.,I have visited Egypt twice thi,Note:,The present perfect continuous tense cant be used with time expressions such as twice or how many times, because in this tense the action is continuous, not stopped and started again. We can use,the present perfect tense for repeated actions,and,the present perfect continuous,tense for non-stop actions,.,Note: The present perfect cont,How many times,have you swum,in the lake?,How long,have you been swimming,in the lake?,How many times have you swum i,Note:,We usually use,the present perfect tense,to ask questions beginning with,how many/much,and,the present perfect continuous tense,to ask questions beginning with,how long,.,Note: We usually use the prese,A state verb or an action verb?,1. I,have had,this camera for five years.,2. I,have taken,photos of UFOs with this,camera.,3. I,have been taking,photos of UFOs,with this camera.,state verb,action verb,state verb,A state verb or an action verb,An,action,means something,happening,or,changing,. A,state,means something,staying the same,. Some examples of action verbs are,do, go, and play,. Some examples of state verbs are,like, know and exist.,An action means something happ,Note:,We can use either a state verb or an action with the present perfect tense, but,we usually can only use an action verb with the present perfect continuous tense,. A,state verb,doesnt mean an action, so it,cant be used in a continuous tense,.,Note: We can use either a stat,e.g.,They,ve,always,had,a big garden.,How long,have,you,known,each other?,He,s,been,in hospital since his accident.,e.g.,Ive,already,been to Paris.,Ive,never,visited Paris.,Ive already been to Paris.Iv,Note:,We use the present perfect tense, not the present perfect continuous tense,with the words like,always,never,yet,already,and,ever,.,Note:,How long,have,you,been learning,English?,How long,have,you,learnt,English?,How long have you been learnin,It,has been raining,for a long time.,It,has rained,for a long time.,It has been raining for a long,Note:,An action which began,in the past,and,is still continuing,or,has only just finished,can, with certain verbs, be expressed by,either,the present perfect,or,present perfect continuous. Verbs which can be used in this way include,expect, hope, learn, lie, live, sleep, sit,study, wait, want, snow, etc.,Note: An action which began in,Practice,Make up dialogues with the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense.,Practice Make up dialogues wit,Answers of part A on page 11:,(1) _ (2) _,(3) _ (4) _,(5) _ (6) _,(7) _ (8) _,(9) _ (10) _,(11) _,heard,been doing,been researching,done,started,achieved,read,found,started,been drawing,been making,Answers of part A on page 11:,1. He has been waiting at a bus stop in a city.,2. They have been travelling in a UFO. It looks like a saucer.,Sample answers on page 11 part B:,1. He has been waiting at a bu,3. They probably have talked to animals or plants on Earth as well as creatures on other plants.,4. They have visited Mars, Venus, Jupiter and some other planets.,3. They probably have talked t,Exercises, Im sorry, but I dont quite follow,you. Did you say you want to,return on September 20?, Sorry, I _ myself clear.,We want to return on October 20.,A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make,C. dont make D. havent made,Exercises Im sorry, but I do,2. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.,A. promised B. were promised,C. have promised,D. have been promised,2. Every year a flood of farme,3. Mother wanted to be a good,provider, a role she _ since,her marriage to father.,A. shoulders B. shouldered,C. is shouldering,D. has been shouldering,3. Mother wanted to be a good,4. The book has been translated into,thirty language since it _,on the market in 1973.,A. had come B. has come,C. came D. comes,4. The book has been translate,5. Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.,A. shopped B. have shopped,C. had shopped,D. have been shopping,5. Im tired out. I _ al,Homework,1. Finish Part C1 and C2 on page 88 in,Workbook.,2. Review Task part.,Homework 1. Finish Part C1 and,
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