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C,o,uld y,o,u ple,a,se t,e,ll m,e,where th,e,r,e,str,oo,ms,a,r,e,?,Unit 11,句型和语法参考,Asking ways:,Excuse me.,Wheres the(nearest),please?,Is there a(an)near here?,Which is the way to,please?,Could you tell me how to get to?,Is this the right way to?,Can you tell me the way to?,I want to go to.Do you know the way?,Telling ways:,Its opposite(across from)the post office.,Its just around the corner.,Its next to/outside/in front of/,Its on the right/left of the,Its only ten minutes walk from here.,Walk along this road/street.,Go straight ahead about 100 meters.,Go on until you come to a wide street,then turn left.,Go across the bridge.You cant miss it.,The objective clause:,1,.,连词,:1),陈述句用,that,引导,:He said,that,his father was fifty years old.,2,.,主从句时态一致。,Nobody,knew,who the old man in the street,was,.,3,.,不能用疑问句语序。,Do you know,when he will come here,?,2),特殊疑问句用,:who,what,which,where,when,how,等引导,Do you know,where,he lives?,3),一般疑问句用,:if,whether,引导,.,Could you tell me,if,it snows in Australia?,宾语从句,宾语从句的时态,当主句谓语是一般现在时,宾语从句可以,根据需要来使用某种时态,.,当主句谓语是一般过去时,宾语从句用表,示过去的某种时态,.,当主句谓语是一般过去时,宾语从句的内,容表示客观真理时,宾语从句中的谓语动,词不受主句谓语动词的影响,应保留一般,现在时态形式,.,e.g.,The teacher said that the moon move,s,around the sun.,The objective clause:,主从句时态一致,1,、,Do you know how much hot water,?,A,Mum is neededB,does Mum need,C,Mum needsD,did Mum need,2,、,Can you tell me,?,A,where he is B,where is he,C,he is whereD,what is he,3,、,I didnt know how,to London?,A,would they goB,are they going,C,they would goD,they are going,4,、,I want to know how long,A,has he been backB,has he come back,C,he has been backD,he has come back,5,、,Do you know,?,A,what the news areB,what is the news,C,what the news is D,what are the news,C,A,C,C,C,合成句子,:,1 We dont know.Where can we buy a stamp?,_,2 Where is the tea shop?Could you tell me?,_,We dont know where,we can,buy a stamp.,Could you tell me where,the tea shop is,?,写出同义句：,1 I dont know what I shall do next.,_,2 The students didnt know what present to give their teacher for Teachers Day.,_,I dont know,what to do,next.,The students didnt know what present,they should,give their teacher for Teachers Day.,1.,Could you,please tell me where the restrooms are?,请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？,Could you,？,是个句型，,could,在此不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、有礼貌。,Explanation,在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中,常用,some,和,something,，,而不用,any,和,anything,。,【For example】,（,1,）,Could you,lend me your motorbike,please?,请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？,（,2,）,Could you,tell me,something,about yourself,请谈谈你自己好吗？,（,3,）,Would you,like to have,some,apples?,你们要吃苹果吗？,（,4,）,What about,saying,something,about your school?,说说你学校的情况好吗？,（,5,）,Will you please,give the poor boy,something,to eat?,请给那可怜的孩子一点吃的东西好吗？,2.,Can you,please tell me where I can get,a dictionary?,请你告诉我在哪儿能买到字典好吗？,Can you please tell,，,是个句型，它,后面可跟宾语从句，也可跟不定式结构。,can,可换成,could,would,will,。,3.Take the elevator to the second floor,乘电梯上二楼。,take,在此表示“搭、乘”的意思。,【For example】,（,1,）,He told me to,take,an express,他叫我搭乘特别快车。,（,2,）,She,takes,a bus to work every day,她每天乘公共汽车上班。,4.The drugstore is,between,the furniture store,and,the bookstore,(1)between,prep.“,在,两者之间”，,常与,and,连用。,例如：,Do you know the difference,between,the two verbs“bring”and“take”?,你知道,bring,和,take,这两个动词的区别吗,?,(2)among,prep,“在,当中”，指三者或三者以上之间。,例如：,They saw a village,among,the hills,他们看到群山中有个村庄。,5.,I prefer,being outside,prefer,vt,“更喜欢、宁愿”，其后可,接名词、,-,ing,形式及动词不定式，还用,在“,preferto”,结构中，表示“喜,欢,而不喜欢,”,。,例如：,Do you,prefer,coffee or tea?,你喜欢咖啡还是茶,?,He,prefers to,wait until evening,他宁愿等到天黑。,I,prefer,doing,to,talking,我喜欢做不喜欢说。,6.They have organized games and the,staff,dress up,as,clown,s.,他们组织了游戏，并且员工化装为,小丑,。,1,）,staff,为一个机构的全体工作人员，,全体职员，,staff,用作集体名词做主语时，,谓语动词多用复数,例：,The schools,staff,is/are excellent.,这个学校的教职员是很优秀的。,7,.(1),dress,用作动词，表示“穿衣服”，宾语常是人,dress sb.,给,穿衣,（,2,）,dress up,通常指小孩穿别人衣服闹着玩，装扮；乔装打扮,to dress up,as,an astronaut,装扮成宇航员,另外，还有穿上礼服，穿上盛装之意。,例：,Dont bother to,dress up,for the party.,不必为这次聚会穿礼服。,dress up as,穿来,打扮,（,3,）,dress in,和,be dressed in,用来形容某人的外表。,She always,dresses,in,black.,她总是穿黑衣服。,Ill be,dressed in,a red coat.,我将会穿件红色的大衣。,wear“,穿着（衣服）”亦表示一种状态。,She always,wears,black.,put on,则指穿衣这个动作。,例：,She,put on,a woolly scarf before she,went out.,她出门前带上了羊毛围巾。,8.,sound,/,noise,/,voice,sound,的含义最广，凡是能听得见的声音都可以叫,sound,，包括人的声音，鸟的叫声，机器的声音等，这种声音可能悦耳，也可能是噪音；,noise,通常指“噪声”；,voice,专门指人的声音例如：,1.Do you like listening to the sound of the sea?,2.The noise outside kept him awake.,3.She has a very sweet voice.,9.,in,order to do,sth,为了,它引导的目的状语可放在句首或句中,(1).,In order to,have a bright future,we need to work hard.,(2).,He got up early,in order not to,be late.,in order not to do,sth,为了不,so as(not),to,也表目的,一般放在句中,(3).,He got up early,in order to,/,so as to,catch the first bus.,10.,While,the children have fun,parents can,take,dance lessons on the beach.,当孩子们嬉闹的时候，父母可以在海滩上进行舞蹈课。,（,1,）,while,连词，当,的时候，和,同时。,如：,They arrived,while,we were having dinner.,他们来的时候我们正在吃晚饭。,（,2,）,while,后面所引导的动词，往往,是可持续的。,when,当,时，持续或非持续性,动词都可跟在,when,后面。,I jumped up,when,she called.,她打电话来时，我吓了一跳。,as,正当,的时候，随着，强调同,时发生。,11.I,live,right,next to
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