现在分词作状语课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,现在分词作状语,选修六,Unit 5,Grammar,现在分词作状语选修六Unit 5 Grammar,千万要注意,V-ing,形式的规则哟！,不能单独作,谓语,，,没有,人称和数,的,变化，可以有自,己的,宾语和状语,。,还有,时态和语态,的变化。,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和,分词作状语,状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句,子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。,分词,作状语,让步,原因,条件,结果,时间,伴随,方式,分词作状语状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或,分词作状语功能表,1.,时间,2.,原因,3.,条件,4.,让步,5.,方式,/,伴随,时间状语从句,原因,状,语从句,条件,状,语从句,让步状,语从句,没有合适的状语从句,分词作状语功能表1.时间2.原因3.条件4.让步5.方式/伴,A.,现在分词作状语学与练,把划线部分改写成分词短语,并说明其功能,1.1.When they saw their teacher,the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher,the students stood,up.,*,现在分词动作的发出者是,(,),句子主语,*,现在分词短语作,( ),时间状语,A.现在分词作状语学与练把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能,?,-,-ing,分词短语作,时间状语,，代替一个,时间状语从句：,注意：,现在分词所表示的动作与主句,的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由,连词,when, while,引出。现在分词一,般位于句首。,如：,?-ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句：注意：,?,When,he,read the book,he,nodded from,time to time.,When,she,saw,those pictures,she,remembered her childhood.,Seeing,those pictures,she,remembered,her childhood.,When reading,the book,he,nodded from,time to time.,?When he read the book, henodd,1.After they had finished their homework,they went home.,Having finished their homework,they,went,home.,*,现在分词短语作,(,),*Having finished their homework,表现的动,作在,went home( ),故用分词的,( ).,时间状语,之前,完成式,1.After they had finished thei,2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go,to school.,Being ill, he couldnt go to school.,*,现在分词短语,作原因状语,2.Because he was ill, he could,3.If you work harder at English, you,will make greater progress.,Working harder at English, you will make,greater progress.,*,现在分词短语,作条件状语,3.If you work harder at Englis,4.Although they felt very tired,，,they kept running.,*,Feeling very tired,they kept,running.,现在分词短语,作让步状语,4.Although they felt very tire,5.The children came into the,classroom, and they laughed and,talked,.(,并列句,),*The children came into the classroom,laughing and talking,.,*,现在分词短语,作伴随或方式状语,*,Laughing and talking,the children,came into the classroom.,*,不可改成相应状语从句,5.The children came into the c,-ing,分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示,现在分词作状语代替状语从句,时间、原因、结果、条件、,让步、方式或伴随情况等，,注：,从句的主语,和,主句的主语,必须,一致,。,即,-ing,分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就,是整个句子的主语，并表示,主动,的关系。,-ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示现在分词作状语代替状语,现在分词的时态和语态,doing,being done,having done,having been,done,现在分词的时态和语态doingbeing donehavin,doing,作状语，表示分词的动作与谓,语动作同时发生,having done,作状语，表示分词的动作先,于谓语的动作发生,He,came,into,the,classroom,talking,and,laughing.,Having finished,his work, he went home.,doing 作状语，表示分词的动作与谓语动作同时发生havi,把下列划线部分改写成分词短语,并,说明其功能,B.,过去分词作状语学与练,1.When she,was asked,why she did,it, she began to cry.,*,Asked why she did it, she began to,cry.,*,过去分词短语作时间状语,*,从句的动词用的是被动语态,*,过去分词的动作由主语承受,把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并说明其功能B.过去分词作状,2.Because he,was moved,by her,words, he decided to help the poor,boy.,*,Moved by her words, he decided to,help the poor boy.,*,过去分词短语作原因状语,2.Because he was movedby her w,3.If I,were given,one more chance,I would like to tell the girl, “I love,you.”.,*,Given one,more chance, I would like,to tell the girl , “ I love you.”.,*,过去分词短语作条件状语,3.If I were givenone more chan,4.Although they had,been defeated,many times,，,they continued to fight.,*Having been,defeated,many times,they continued to fight.,=,Although defeated many times,they continued to fight.,*,过去分词短语作让步状语,4.Although they had been defea,*,分词作状语时，,为使状语含义更,加明确，有时在过去分词,(,现在分,词）前,可加上适当连词,如：,while,，,when,，,once,，,if,，,unless,，,as if,，,though,*分词作状语时，为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词(现在分,*Once used, the car will never be,sold again.,(once “,一旦,”),=,Once it is used, the car will never,be sold again.,*,When heated, water turns into,steam.,=,When water is heated, water turns,into steam.,Heated, water turns into,steam,*Once used, the car will never,5.The teacher stood there and he,was,surrounded by many students.,*The teacher stood there (,),surrounded by,many students,=,Surrounded by many students,the teacher stood there.,*,过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语,5.The teacher stood there and,Having been told many times, he,didnt make the same mistake.,Having been criticized,by the,teacher, he gave up smoking.,分词的动作发生在谓语动词,的动作之前,Having been told many times,一、分词做状语,1,、,现在分词的一般式（,doing,）与句中主,语构成,逻辑上的主谓关系,，与句中谓语动,作,同时发生或者在其后发生,。,2,、完成式（,having done,）与句中主语,构成逻辑上的,主谓关系,，,先与谓语动作而,发生。,3,过去分词（,done,）同动词现在分词的完,成形式（,having been done,）均与句中,主语构成,逻辑上的动宾关系,，且,先与谓语,动词发生。,一、分词做状语1、现在分词的一般式（doing）与句中主语构,状语,现在分,词,过去分词,doing,与主语为,主动关系,分词作状语,其,逻辑,主语必,须与句子,主语保持一致,状语现在分词过去分词doing与主语为主动关系分词作状语其逻,Hearing,the bad news,they,couldnt help crying.,When they,heard the,bad news,doing,与主语为,主动关系,Hearingthe bad news,theycouldn,Given,more attention,the trees,could have grown,better.,If they had,been given more,attention,Givenmore attention,the treesc,_ from the top of the building,we,saw the house like a match box.,_from the top of the building,the house,looks like a match box.,Seeing,Seen,see,_ from the top of th,分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以,加上,连词,，,但是分词和句子之间不能用,并列连词,(,如,but,，,and,，,so),，,因为并列连,词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只,是全句的一个状语部分，,分词和主句之,间可用逗号。,注意,1,：,分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以加上连词，但是分词和句子之,例如,:,误,:,Having,been told many times,but,he,still couldnt understand it.,正,: He was told many times,but,he still,couldnt understand it.,或,Having been told,many times, he still,couldnt understand it.,例如:误: Havingbeen told many tim,对比练习,对比练习,1. _many times , but he still,couldnt understand it .,2. _many times , he still couldnt,understand it .,A. Having been told B. Told,C. He was told D. He been told,3. _from space , the earth looks,blue .,4._from space , we can see the,earth is blue .,A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See,C,A/B,A,B,but,the earth,we,1. _many times , but he,?,1.,As,he,had,eaten,too,much,for,supper,he,couldnt,go,to,sleep.,?,2.This,book,became,well,known,all,over,the,world,after,it,had,been,translated,into,many,different,languages.,Having eaten too much for supper,he couldnt go to sleep.,?,Having,been,translated,into,many,different,languages,this,book,became,well,known,all,over,the,world,.,?1.Ashehadeatentoomuchforsuppe,Not knowing his address, I could do,nothing but stay at home and wait.,-,ing,形式（短语）的否定形式,常在其（,）加,not,/never,等。,前面,Not having received his fathers letter,he,decided,to make a call to him.,注意,2,：,Not knowing his address, I cou,有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，,不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：,generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing,(,假设,), judging from(,从,判断,), talking of,（谈到,),speaking of,（谈到）,considering(,考虑到，鉴于）等,Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys,Supposing,you lose, what will you do?,Judging from,his accent, he must be from the north.,Talking of,travel, have you ever been to Beijing?,现在分词的独立成分,有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的,Task 4,现在分词的独立主格结构,在用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上,的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致,但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑,上的主语,这种结构称为,:,分词独立主格结构,独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况,表示时间、原因、条件等,Task 4现在分词的独立主格结构在用分词短语作状语时, 它,?,As the boy led the way, we had no trouble,finding the strange village.,?,If weather permits, well go for an,outing tomorrow.,leading the way,we,had no,trouble finding the strange village.,permitting,we,ll go for an,outing tomorrow.,Practice:,The boy,The weather,?As the boy led the way, we ha,?,As there was no further problems to,discuss, we ended the meeting at last.,There being,no further problems to,discuss,we,ended the meeting at last.,?As there was no further probl,1,、分词,(,短语,),作状语时,前后两个动作的,主语是一致的。,2,、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词,或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并,列连词,(,如,but,，,and),，,分词和主句之间可,用逗号。,使用,-,ing,形式需注意的,4,个问题,.,1、分词(短语) 作状语时, 前后两个动作的主语是一致的。2,3,、用,V+ing,一般式,还是,Having+done,完,成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺,序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现,在分词表示先发生的动作。,4,、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上,not, never,等否定词构成。,3、用V+ing一般式还是Having+done完成式，要看,After he heard a strong sound, he went,out of the room for a look.,=,Hearing,a strange sound, he went out of .,As the girl was seriously ill, she was,taken to hospital immediately.,Being,seriously ill, the girl was taken to .,be -,being,As she didnt know any French, she,couldnt get any one to help her.,Not knowing,any French, she couldnt get,any one to help her.,After he heard a strong sound,巩固练习：,1.,The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.,A. to prepare B. preparing,C. prepared D. was preparing,2. European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.,A. making B. makes,C. made D. to make,巩固练习：1.The secretary worked la,3.,”,Can,t you read?,”,Mary said _ to the,notice,.,A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily,C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.,A.Not receiving,B. Receiving not,C.Not having received,D. Having not received,3.”Cant you read?”Mary said _,5,The missing singer was last seen,_ the voice close to the bridge,A,exercising B,to be exercising,C,exercise D,to exercise,6.The directors discussed the project,that they would like to see _ the,next year,A,carry out B,carrying out,C,carried out D,to carry out,5The missing singer was last,