高一英语必修一Unit4定语从句

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4,Grammar,The Attributive Clause,The man,_,is Liuxiang.,who,ran,the,fastest,Liuxiang is the man _.,who,ran,the,fastest,刘翔,The man is,Liuxiang.,Liuxiang,ran the fastest.,a boy,，,has a scar,，,forehead,Harry Porter is a boy _ _.,who/that,has a scar on his forehead,The boy is Harry Porter.,Harry Porter has a scar on his forehead.,Beckham,is a football,player.,He,is handsome.,Beckham is a football player,_,.,who is handsome,Beckham,_ is handsome,Who is a football player,Changzhou is a city,_ _.,Changzhou,a city,develop fast,which/that,develops fast,The city,_,_,is Beijing.,Beijing is the city _,_,whichthat,hosted the 2008,Olympic Games,The city host(,举办,)2oo8 Olympic Games Beijing,whichthat,hosted the 2008,Olympic Games,在复合句中，修饰某一,名词,或者,代词,用作定语的句子就叫做,定语从句,。被定语从句修饰的词，叫,先行词,。,引导定语从句的词叫做,_,或,_,。,引导定语从句的关联词有：,定语从句,关系代词：,who,whom,whose,which,that,关系副词：,when,where,why,“,关系代词”,“,关系副词”,定语从句的位置,定语从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。,e.g.,This is,the car,which he bought last year,.,先行词,定语从句,Do you know the doctor?,He spoke just now.,Do you know the doctor,who spoke just now,?,现在我们将常用的,关系代词,的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：,关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即,连接,（连接定语从句和主句）、,替代,（替代前面的 先行词）、,成分,（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。,指代人,指代物,指代人和物,主语,（不可省略）,who,/that,which,/that,that,宾语,(,可省略,),whom/who,/that(有无介词),which,/that,that,定语,whose,(=of whom),whose,(=of which),在从句,中的作用,指代,功能,He is the student,_,you,want to,see.,关系代词,that,which,whom,在从句中作,宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则,不可省略，有介词的时候不用that。,(,whom,who,that,),定语从句三步：,第一找出先行词,第二看先行词在定语从句中的,语法功能（做主语、宾语或定语）,第三选择合适的关系词,关系代词,:,1.who,指人,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略）,The man,who,I talked with,is our teacher.,和我谈话的那个人，是我们的老师。,2.whom,指人,作宾语,(,作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省,),The man,(whom/who),I nodded to,is Mr.Li.,我对他点头的那个男人是李先生。,当先行词是,one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those,等,指人时一般用,who,不用,that,。,e.g.,Those,who,want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.,3.which,指物，,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略,如,介词提前则不能省,),These are the trees,which,were planted last year,.,This recorder,（,which,）,he is using,is made in,Japan.,这些是去年种植的树。,这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。,4.,that,指人,/,物，,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine.It can fly.,A plane is a,machine,that,can fly,.,He is the man.I told you about him.,He is the man,(that/who/whom),I told you about,.,5.,whose,在定从中,作定语,，表所属关系，,翻译为,“,他的,/,她的,/,它的,”,，用来代替,his,，,her,，,their,，,its.,whose,指人也指物，,指物时,=,of which,指人时,=,of whom,This is the book,cover,is blue,.,This is the book,the,cover,is blue,.,这是一本蓝色封面的书。,whose,of which,1.who,指,_,作,_,（成分）,2.whom,指,_,作,_,（成分）,3.which,指,_,，,作,_,（成分）,4.,that,指,_,，作,_,（成分）,5.,whose,作,_(,成分,),，表,_,关系，,译为,_,，用来代替,_.,whose,指人也指物，,指物时,=,_,指人时,=,_,人,主、宾,人,宾,主、宾,主、宾,物,人、物,定语,所属,“,他的,/,她的,/,它的”,，,His/her/their/its,of which,of whom,如何选择关系代词,?,who,whom,whose,which,that,口诀,:,前看,先行词,辩清人或物,后看,从句里,有无主宾语,This is the film,which,I saw last night.,This is the film,whose,name is,Titanic,.,The man and the woman,whom,you see in the picture,are Jack and Lucy.,Here are two pictures,that,are taken from the film.,Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine,who,loved each other very much,in the film.,the Attributive Clause,who,指,hero,和,heroine,，作主语,whom,指,man,和,woman,，作宾语,whose,指,电影的,，作定语,that,指图片，作主语,which,指,电影,，作宾语,用适当的关系代词填空,：,This is the house _ was built last year,The boy _ we saw yesterday was Johns brother.,The car _ my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.,4.That is the man _ we were looking for.,which/that,(whom/that/who),(which/that),(whom/that),考点：,that,和,which,的选择,(1)that,指物时一般可以与,which,互换，但在下列情况,引导词只用,that,，不用,which,。,当先行词为,all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing,等不定代词时，如：,a.All,that,can be done has been done.,b.I am sure she has something,(that),you can borrow.,c.There is little,(that),the enemy can do besides surrender.,先行词被,all,every,no,some,any,little,much,修饰时,：,Ive read,all,the books,(that),you gave me.,考点：,that,和,which,的选择,先行词是,序数词,或,形容词最高级,修饰时。,This is,the best,book,(that),Ive ever read.,This is,the first,composition,(that)he has written in English.,先行词被,the only,the very,the last,修饰时。,That white flower is,the only,one (that)I really like.,This is,the,very,book(that)I want to find.,当有两个或两个以上分别表示,人和物,的先行词时，这个定语从句要用,that,而不用,who(whom),和,which,引导。如：,He talked about the,teachers and schools,（,that,）,he had visited.,这是我看过的最好的一本书。,这是他用英文写的第一篇作文。,先行词是疑问词,who,which,what,时，定语从句用,that,而不用,who,(whom),和,which,引导。,考点：,that,和,which,的选择,Who is the person,that is standing at the gate?,Which of us,that knows something about physics,does not know this?,What,that is on the table,belongs to me?,当关系代词在从句中作表语时：,Mary is no longer the girl,(that)she used to be.,China is no longer the country,that it used to be.,考点：,as,与,which,引导的定语从句,对这两个词作如下归纳：,1,、如果定语放主句后，即引用,as,也可以用,which.,He failed to the exam,as(=which)is natural.,She seems a scientist,as(=which)in fact she is.,Grammar is not a dead rule,which(=as)I have said before.,2,、,如果从句在主句前，这时要用,as,而不用,which,引导定语从句。,如：,As we all know,his parents were killed in the war.,As we all know,the earth is round,.,3.,用于the sameas,suchas，a