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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century. Its history is sometimes separated into four main periods: the silent film era, Classical Hollywood cinema, New Hollywood, and the contemporary period (after 1980). Since the 1920s, the American film industry has been the largest in the world.,Since the early twentieth century, the U.S. film industry has largely been based in and around Hollywood, Los Angeles, California.,Orson Welless,Citizen Kane,(1941) is frequently cited in critics polls as the greatest film of all time.,American screen actors like John Wayne and Marilyn Monroe have become iconic figures, while producer/entrepreneur Walt Disney was a leader in both animated film and movie merchandising. The major film studios of Hollywood are the primary source of the most commercially successful movies in the world, such as,Star Wars,(1977) and,Titanic,(1997), and the products of Hollywood today dominate the global film industry.,Each studio had its own style and characteristic touches which made it possible to know this - a trait that does not exist today. Yet each movie was a little different, and, unlike the craftsmen who made cars, many of the people who made movies were artists.,The studio system and the Golden Age of Hollywood succumbed to two forces in the late 1940s:,a federal antitrust action that separated the production of films from their exhibition;,the advent of television.,In 1938 , Walt Disneys,Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,was released during a run of lackluster films from the major studios, and quickly became the highest-grossing film released to that point.,Post-classical cinema is a term used to describe the changing methods of storytelling in the New Hollywood. It has been argued that new approaches to drama and characterization played upon audience expectations acquired in the classical period: chronology may be scrambled, storylines may feature twist endings, and lines between the antagonist and protagonist may be blurred.,The drive to produce a spectacle on the movie screen has largely shaped American cinema ever since. Spectacular epics which took advantage of new widescreen processes had been increasingly popular from the 1950s onwards. Since then, American films have become increasingly divided into two categories:,Blockbusters,and,independent films,.,American independent cinema was revitalized in the late 1980s and early 1990s when another new generation of moviemakers, including Spike Lee, Steven Soderbergh, Kevin Smith, and Quentin Tarantino made movies like, respectively:,Do the Right Thing,;,Sex, Lies, and Videotape,;,Clerks,; and,Pulp Fiction,.,KEY POINTS,The Golden Age of Hollywood lasted from the end of the silent era in American cinema in the late 1920s to the late 1950s, and thousands of movies were issued from the Hollywood studios.,The start of the Golden Age was arguably when,The Jazz Singer,was released in 1927, ending the silent era and increasing box-office profits for films as sound was introduced to feature films.,The studio system and the Golden Age of Hollywood succumbed to two forces in the late 1940s:,a federal antitrust action that separated the production of films from their exhibition;,the advent of television.,Post-classical cinema is a term used to describe the changing methods of storytelling in the New Hollywood of the 1950s. It has been argued that new approaches to drama and characterization played upon audience expectations acquired in the classical period: chronology may be scrambled, storylines may feature twist endings, and lines between the hero and villain may be blurred.,The roots of post-classical storytelling may be seen in,film noir, in,Rebel Without a Cause,(1955), and in Hitchcocks storyline-shattering,Psycho,.,American independent cinema was revitalized in the late 1980s and early 1990s when another new generation of moviemakers made movies like,Do the Right Thing,;,Sex, Lies, and Videotape,;,Clerks,; and,Pulp Fiction,.,In terms of directing, screenwriting, editing, and other elements, these movies were innovative and often irreverent, playing with and contradicting the conventions of Hollywood movies.,Furthermore, their considerable financial successes and crossover into popular culture reestablished the commercial viability of independent film. Since then, the independent film industry has become more clearly defined and more influential in American cinema.,
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