一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,.,一般过去时与现在完成时的区别,:,A,从形式结构上区别,一般过去时的形式结构为：,1,主语,+,动词的过去式,+,其它。,如：,He,was,a teacher.,他当过教师。,Mr.Brown,gave,us talk yesterday.,布朗先生昨天给我们做个报告。,The old man,told,an interesting story.,那位老人讲了一个很有趣的故事。,2,现在完成时的形式结构为：,主语,+have(has)+,动词过去分词,+,其它,。,如：,We,have learned,two thousand English words.,我们已经学过了两千个英语词。,She,has gone,to Beijing.,她已经去北京了。,B,从状语上区别,1,一般过去时常用的副词状语有：,then,just now,等，以及时间状语有：,yesterday,last week,two years ago,等。如：,They went to the park,yesterday.,昨天他们去公园了。,Last year,I saw that film.,我去看过那部影片。,2,现在完成时常与,yet,already,ever,never just,等以及由,for+,时间名词,和,since,时间名词,连用。如：,He has,already,finished his homework.,他已经完成了家庭作业。,Have you seen that TV play,yet,?,你看过那个电视剧吗？,We have studied English,for,three years.,我们已经学了三年英语了。,C,从否定、疑问结构上区别,1,一般过去时的否定式、疑问式多是借助动词,did,来体现（,be,的疑问式除外）。如：,Tom said a word.,否定式：,Tom didnt say a word.,疑问句：,id Tom say a word?,反意疑问式：,Tom said a word,didnt he?,2,现在完成时的否定式、疑问式多是借动词,have(has,),来体现的。如：,You,have looked,up that word.,否定式：,You,haven t looked,up that word.,疑问式：,Have,you,looked,up that word?,反意疑问式：,You have looked up that word,haven t you?,1,since,与,for,since,可接时间点，或从句，从句用一般过去时；,for,接时段，这两词都是回答,how long,的。如：,since 1990,，,since two years ago,；,for two days,。,2,already,，,yet,，,never,，,before,，,just,都可以用于完成时，但用法不尽相同。,already,用于肯定句的陈述句中间，,yet,用于否定句或疑问句末。,never,是“从来没有”之意，,just,是“刚刚，刚才”之意，都用于句中，,before,当副词用，与表一段时间的词连用用于完成时，即,时间段,+before,，如,two years before,；但注意与之同义的,ago,，,是这样用的：,时间段,+ago,，用于一般过去时,。,3,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,现在完成时,表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。,一句话，现在完成时,与现在有联系,；,而一般过去时，,发生在过去但与现在没有联系，且各自的时间状语明显不用。,延续性动词表示是动作是一种延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。,Eg:study,work,keep,have,wait,sing,sleep,live,等。,4.,延续性动词与终止性动词,终止性动词表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果，动作不能再继续下去。,Eg:come,leave,die,arrive,begin,finish,buy,borrow,open,等。,记住下列终止性动词改为,延续性动词的表达法：,A.,动词改为,“,be,+,相应的介词,”,如：,come-be in,，,B.,动词改为,“,be,+,对应的形容词,”,如：,close-be closed open-be open die-be dead,finish,end-be over get up-be up,leave-be away,（,from,），,begin,start-be on,go out-be out fall asleep-be asleep,C.,其它改法,如：,become-be buy-have borrow-keep,join the army-be in the army(be a soldier),join the Party-be in the Party(be a Party member),catch a cold-have a cold,。,5,have been to,，,have gone to,，,have been in,三个谓语动词含义不同。,have been to,表示“曾经去过某地”（但人已回）；,have gone to,表示“已去某地”（人未回），它们都不能与,since,和,for,连用。,have been in,表示“已在某地呆,”,。它可以与,for,或,since,连用。,1.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A.was.studying B.will.study,C.has.studied D.are studying,2.They usually _ TV in the evening.A.watch B.will watch,C.are watching D.watches 3.Judy _ the Great Wall twice,and now she still _ to go there.A.went to,wanted B.goes to,wants C.has gone,wants D.has been to,wants,4.She will find him a kind man when she _ more about him.,A.knows B.know C.will know D.is going to know,5.-What are you going to give our teacher for Teachers Day?-Im not sure.Maybe I _ him some flowers.A.have given B.will give C.gave D.give,6.-Tom _ out.-Oh,is he?What time _ he _ out?,A.is,did,go B.went,is,going C.has gone,did,go D.is going,does,go,c,A,A,B,A,D,用动词的正确形式填空。,1.A:Do you want a pen?,B:No,I dont.I _ _(buy)one.,2.How long _ you _(study)in this school?,3.A:Where is your mother?,B:She _(go)shopping.,4.My uncle _(teach)here since he came here.,5.Li Lei _ already _(give)the nuts to Polly.,6.Miss Gao _(teach)English very well.,7.Listen!Someone _(knock)at the door.,8.My father _(go)to Beijing.He isnt at home.,9.Mother said she _(take)me to my Uncles the next Sunday.,10._ you ever_(be)to London?,have bought,have,studied,has gone,has taught,has,teaches,is knocking,has gone,would take,been,given,Have,1.My brother _ for a week.,A.has had a cold B.caught a cold C.has caught a cold D.got a cold,2.They _ friends since they met in Beijing.,A.have made B.have become C.have been D.have turned,3.How long _ in the factory?,A.have you come B.has he in C.will he be D.has he been,4.I,ll lend you my dictionary,but you can only _ for one day.,A.keep B.borrow C.lend D.take,5.My father joined the Party in 1948.He _ a Party member for about fifty-three years.,A.had been B.has become C.had become D.has been,A,C,D,A,D,1.“_ you _(return)the book?”,“Yes,I _.I _ just_(return)it to the teacher.”,2.Leave the book there,please.I _(not finish)it yet.I_(read)it this evening.,3.Im sure he _(come)to see me before he _(leave)Beijing.,4.Do you know if he _(come)back in three weeks.,5.A:When _ you _(get)your motorbike?,B:I _(have)it for about a year.,A:_ you _(drive)it much?,B:Yes.I _(use)it every day.,A:You _(drive)very well.I _ never _(learn)to drive.,B:I _(learn)one year ago,.,returned,Have,have,returned,havent finished,will read,have,will come,leaves,will come,get,.have had,did,drive,Do,use,must drive,have,learnt,learnt,1.,请问你们有关于化学方面的书吗,?,1.Excuse me,have you got any books about chemistry,?,2.,他们给了我知识并使我快乐。,2.They give me knowledge and make me happy.,3.,一天图书管理员想出了一个主意,3.One day the librarian came up with an idea.,4.,你曾经坐飞机旅行过吗？,4.Have you ever travelled on a plane?