初中现在完成时讲解与练习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,现在完成时,have/ has +,过去分词,now,past,future,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般过去时表示的是,纯粹在过去发生,的事情,现在完成时表示的是,在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作,/,状态,或者,发生在,过去却对现在造成的影响,过去分词的构成,1.,直接加,-ed,。如：,play-played,2.,以字母,e,结尾的直接加,d,。如：,name-named,3.,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的，变,y,为,i,加,ed,。如：,carry-carried,4.,重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加,-ed,。如：,stop-stopped,1),表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。,Now we,have planted,all the trees.,He,has just come,back.,They,have built,many buildings in this city.,现在完成时的,用法,2),表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。,Someone has broken the window. (,窗户现在是坏的,),I have,already,lost the key. (,我现在没有钥匙,),I havent read that book,yet,. (,不了解书的内容,),I have,just,cleaned my hands. (,手是干净的,),常与,already(,已经,), yet(,已经,), just(,刚刚,),ever(,曾经,),等词连用,.,already:,常用于肯定句中,.,yet:,常用于否定句,疑问句尾,.,在以上两种用法中常跟,already, notyet, never, just, before, ever, recently,等时间继续下去的状语。,3),表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。,She has learned English,for,5 years.,He has lived in Beijing,since,he was born .,Has he lived in Shenzhen,for,4 years?,常与,for, since,引导的时间短语或从句连用,.,for+,时间段,since+,时间点, since+,句子,since,用来说明动作起始时间, “,自从,”,for,用来说明动作延续时间长度, “,长达,”,I have lived here,for more than twenty years,.,I have lived here,since I was born,.,My aunt has worked in a company,since 1949.,I have not heard from my uncle,for a long time.,比较,since,和,for,注意：并非有,for,作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时,I worked here for more than twenty years.,(,我现在已不在这里工作。,),I have worked here for many years.,(,现在我仍在这里工作。,),现在完成时,Present perfect,句型,1,.,肯定句,“主语,+,have,（,has,）过去分词,”,。,注意：该句式中的,have,或,has,是助动词，,has,用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用,have,。,.,疑问句,have,（,has) +,主语,+,过去分词,（,回答用“,Yes,，,have,（,has,）,“ No,，,haven,t,（,hasn,t,）”,）,.,否定句,：主语,+,“,havent,（,hasnt,）过去分词”。,I,have eaten,my lunch.,She,has eaten,her lunch.,He,has eaten,his lunch.,肯定句,They,have eaten,their lunch.,I have not (havent) seen the film.,She has not (hasnt) seen the film.,现在完成时的,否定,形式：,have not (havent) +,过去分词,has not (hasnt) +,过去分词,I havent eaten supper.,eat-eaten,He hasnt changed his idea.,change-changed,My mother hasnt come back home.,come-come,否定句,Ive already had dinner.,I _ _ dinner _.,2. He has just finished his homework.,He _ _ his homework _.,3. Mums cooked the dinner.,Mum _ _ the dinner.,4. Susans learned English at school.,Susan _ _ English at school.,havent,had,yet,hasnt,finished,yet,hasnt cooked,hasnt,learned,把下列句子改为否定句,Have you eaten your breakfast?,现在完成时的一般疑问句形式,Have/has,提前,+,过去分词,Have you known Sandy for a long time?,Yes, I have/ No, I havent.,know-known,Has she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.,Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt.,eat-eaten,疑问句,Ive already had dinner.,2. He has just finished his homework.,3. Mums cooked the dinner.,4. Susans learned English at school.,Have you already had dinner?,Has he just finished his homework?,Has mum cooked the dinner?,Has Susan learned English at school?,把下列句子改为一般疑问句,（,for+,表示一段时间的词组，,since+,表示过去某一时刻的词或词组）,谓语只可用,延续性,动词,.,eg.- Ive lived here for,15 years,.,eg.- Ive lived here since,15 years ago,(1990),选用,for,和,since,填空,:,1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.,2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.,3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.,4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.,5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.,6. Its five years _ we met last time,for,since,for,since,for,since,注意,:,瞬间动词,不能,和,时间段,连用,.,瞬间动词,join,begin/start,borrow,finish/end,arrive/come,leave,die,buy,method 1:,动作,状态,die,be over,leave,borrow/buy,arrive,begin,end/finish,join,marry,keep/had,be away,be here,be on(,上演）,be married,be in,be dead,他的爷爷已经去世,2,年了。,Nick,参军,3,年了,.,他离开深圳好长时间了。,这本书我已借了,4,个月了,.,His grandpa,has been dead,for 2 years.,Nick,has been in,the army for 3 years.,He,has been away,from Shenzhen for a long time,.,I,have kept,the book for 4 months,.,method 2:,It is +,时间段,since +,一般过去时的句子,.,他的爷爷已经去世,2,年了。,Nick,参军,3,年了,.,他离开深圳好长时间了。,这本书我已借了,4,个月了,.,It is,2 years,since,his grandpa died.,It is,3 years,since,Nick,joined the army.,It is,a long time,since,he left Shenzhen.,It is,4 months,since,I borrowed the book .,He died 10 years ago.,- He,has been dead,for 10 years / since 10 years ago.,2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.,- He,has kept,the book for 2 weeks.,3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.,-He,has had,the motorbike for a month.,4. He arrived here three days ago.,- He,has been,here since three days ago.,5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago.,- The light,has been on,for 2 hours.,延续性,动词和,瞬间,性,动词之间的转化,(keys),6. He left here 2 years ago.,- He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.,7. The film began 30 minutes ago.,- The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.,8. They opened the door an hour ago.,- The door _ _ _ for an hour.,9. They closed the door an hour ago.,- The door _ _ _ for an hour.,10. He joined the army last year.,- He _ _ a _ for a year.,- He _ _ _ the army for a year.,- It _ a year _ he joined the army.,6. He left here 2 years ago.,- He,has been away,from here for 2 years.,7. The film began 30 minutes ago.,- The film,has been on,for 30 minutes.,8. They opened the door an hour ago.,- The door,has been open,for an hour.,9. They closed the door an hour ago.,- The door,has been closed,for an hour.,10. He joined the army last year.,- He,has been,a soldier for a year.,-,He has been in,the army for a year.,- It is a year since he,joined,the army.,现在完成时与一般过去时的比较,1,）,一般过去时,表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作,；,现在完成时,为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响,。,I,saw,this film yesterday.,（强调看的动作发生过了。）,I,have seen,this film.,（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）,2,）,一般过去时,常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用,;,现在完成时,通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。,一般过去时的时间状语,:,yesterday, last week,，,ago, in1990, in October, just now, -,具体的时间状语,现在完成时的时间状语,:,for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -,模糊的时间状语,He,has gone to,Shanghai.,他,(,已经,),去上海了。,He,has been to,Shanghai.,他,(,曾经,),去过上海。,比较,have/has been to,have/has gone to,He,went to,Shanghai last week.,他,(,曾经,),到,/,去过上海,在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了,他已经,去上海了,也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里,上周他,做了一件事,:,那就是,去了上海,He,has been to,Shanghai.,He,has gone to,Shanghai.,He,has been in,Shanghai for 10 years.,他,呆在上海迄今为止已经,10,年了,现在还在上海没有离开呢,辨析这些句子,由时态导致的,含义上的差别,动词填空：,1._ you _(clean) the room?,Yes, we_(do) that already.,When _ you _(do) it?,We _(do) it an hour ago.,2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.,When _ he _(see) it?,He _ it last week.,3. How many times _you_(come) here?,Once.,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,come,4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.,5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.,How _ she _(go) there?,She _(go) there by air.,6. So far, many countries _(develop),their software programs.,7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.,8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.,9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,Have,ridden,has kept,Ive already,had dinner,.,2. He has just,finished his homework,.,3.,Mum,s cooked the dinner.,.,4. Susans learned English,at school,.,What have you already done?,What has he just done?,Who has cooked the dinner?,Where has Susan learned English?,对划线部分提问,练习题,:,1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it?,2.-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these.,-Yes,Have a look at it, please.,3.,So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe.,4.My father_ home for nearly three weeks.A.has gone away fromB.has leftC.has been away fromD.went away,5.Mr. and Mrs. Green have_in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached,met,have chosen,have reached,C,A,Good-bye!,