教育专题：4孙权劝学 (4)

新课导入,孙权（吴）,曹操（魏）,刘备（蜀）,4,孙权劝学,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,了解,资治通鉴,及司马光相关的文学常识，,熟记重要的文言词语及句式，理解文章大意,。,（重点）,分析人物对话，把握人物的性格特点；理解文中语气词和称谓语的含义,。,（难点）,学习孙权和吕蒙的精神品质，提高学习兴趣，树立正确的学习观,。,（重点）,学习目标,资治通鉴是,北宋司马光主持编纂,的一部编年体通史，是,中国第一部编年体通史，共,294,卷，历时,19,年完成,。在这部书里，编者总结出许多经验教训，供统治者借鉴，宋神宗认为此书,“,鉴于往事，有资于治道,”,，命名为,资治通鉴,。,作品简介,司马光,（,1019,1086,），字君实，陕州夏县（今属山西）人，世称,“,涑水先生,”,。北宋政治家、史学家。主持编纂了,资治通鉴,，有,司马文正公集,存世。,孙权,（18,2,252,），字仲谋，吴郡富阳（今浙江富阳）人，,三国时吴国的创建者,。其最大功绩就是开发了东南地区，促进了东南地区经济的繁荣发展。,人物背景,吕蒙,（,178,219,），字子明，汝南,富陂（,今安徽阜阳东南）人，东汉末孙权手下的将领。少年时不读书，以胆气称，后接受孙权劝告，读了许多兵书、史书，智勇双全。倍受孙权、鲁肃的信赖,。,鲁肃,（,172,217,），字子敬，临淮东城（今安徽定远）人。三国时吴王的得意谋臣,倍受赏识。他少有大志，轻财好施，喜欢习武骑射。他一生的最大功绩是,倡导、促成并终身不易地竭力维护孙刘联盟,，使三足鼎立之势能够形成。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,本文节选自,资治通鉴,卷六十六（中华书局,1956,年版）。题目是编者加的。文章所叙故事发生于三国之初。孙权大将周瑜在赤壁之战中大破曹操军队后，不久病死于江陵。鲁肃接替周瑜成为孙权的谋佐，劝孙权将荆州借给刘备共拒曹操，刘备很快取得益州，形成曹、刘、孙三方鼎峙的局面。孙权劝吕蒙注意学习的故事就发生在此时。,背景链接,编年体,指以,年代,为线索编排有关历史事件的体例。编年体是以时间为经，以史事为纬，按年、月、日顺序记述史事，比较容易反映出同一时期各个历史事件的联系。以编年体记录历史的方式最早起源于中国，代表作有,春秋,左传,资治通鉴,等。,文体知识,卿,（）,涉,猎（）,岂,（）,邪,（）,遂,（）,孰,（）,q,n,q,y,su,字词注音,sh,sh,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,孙权劝学,初,，权,谓,吕蒙曰：,“,卿,今,当涂,掌事，不可不学！,”,蒙,辞,以军中多,务,。权曰：,“,孤,岂欲卿,治经,为,博士,邪,！,古代君对臣的爱称。朋友、夫妇之间也以,“,卿,”,为爱称。,当道，当权。,推托。,事务。,古时王侯的自称。,研究儒家经典。经，指,易,书,诗,礼,春秋,等书。,专掌经学传授的学官。,语气词，后写作,“,耶,”,。,解词释义,从前，当初，这是追述往事的习惯用词。,对某人说，常与,“,曰,”,连用。,但,当,涉猎,，,见往事,耳,。卿言多务，,孰若,孤？孤常读书，自以为大有所益。,”,蒙,乃,始,就学,。,及,鲁肃,过,寻阳,，与蒙,论议,，大惊曰：,“,卿今者,才略,，,非复,吴下,阿蒙,！,”,粗略地阅读。,了解历史。见，了解。往事，指历史。,于是，就。,到，等到。,经过。,才干和谋略。,不再是。,只，只是。,语气词，表示阻止，相当于,“,而已,”“,罢了,”,。,表示比较选择，哪里比得上？,从事学习。,古县名，治所在今湖北黄梅西南。,即,“,议论,”,，谈论。,泛指吴地。,吕蒙的小名。,蒙曰：,“,士,别三日，即,更,刮目相待,，,大兄,何,见事,之晚乎！,”,肃,遂,拜蒙母，结友,而,别。,另，另外。,拭目相看，用新的眼光看待他。刮，擦拭。,对朋友辈的敬称。,知晓事情。,读书人。,于是。,连词，表承接。,古今异义,孤,岂欲卿,治,经为,博士,邪,孤：,（古）古代王侯的自称；,（今）孤单，孤苦。,治：,（古）研究；（今）治理。,博士：,（古）专掌经学传授的学官；,（今）学位的最高一级。,但,当涉猎，见,往事,耳,往事：,（古）指历史；（今）过去的事情。,即,更,刮目相待,更：,（古）另，另外；（今）程度副词，更加。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一词多义,卿今,当,涂掌事,但,当,涉猎,当,动词，掌管,动词，应当，应该,见,往事耳,大兄何,见,事之晚乎,见,动词，了解,动词，知晓,蒙辞,以,军中多务,自,以,为大有所益,以,介词，用,与“为”组成词组，可译为“认为”,文言文句式,省略句,与蒙论议,“,大,”,前省略主语,“,鲁肃,”,。,肃遂拜蒙母,“,拜,”,后面省略介词,“,于,”,。,倒装句,蒙辞以军中多务,状语后置，应为,“,蒙以军中多务辞,”,。,翻译句子,蒙辞以军中多务。,吕蒙用军中事务繁多来推辞。,我难道是想要你研究经史典籍成为专掌经学传授的学官吗？,孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！,表示反问语气，可译为,“,吗,”,。,但,当涉猎，见往事耳,。,只,是,应当粗略地阅读，了解,历史,罢了,。,表示限止语气，可译为,“,罢了,”,。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状