Translation Technique 1

无忧,PPT,整理发,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,无忧,PPT,整理发,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Translation Techniques,Lecture 1 Conversion,Conversion in English-Chinese Translation,Converting into verbs,Converting into nouns,Converting into adjectives,Converting into adverbs,The conversion of sentence elements,2. Converting into nouns,Nouns account for an overwhelming,part of the vocabulary both in Chinese,and in English.,Conversion between nouns and other parts of speech is also frequently adopted in English-Chinese translation.,(1) Verbs converted into Nouns,Some verbs derived from nouns may be translated into Chinese nouns.,1. Such materials are,charicteriazed,by good insulation and high resistance to wear.,这些材料的,特点,是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。,(1) Verbs converted into Nouns,2. To them, he,personified,absolute power.,在他们看来，他就是绝对权力的,化身,。,3. The design,aims,at automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity.,设计的,目的,在于自动操作，调节方便，维护简易，生产率高。,（,2,）,Adjectives converted into Nouns,Adjectives with the definite articles to indicate categories of people, things, or adjectives used as predicative to indicate the nature of things may also be converted into nouns.,（,2,）,Adjectives converted into Nouns,1. They did their best to help the,sick,and the,wounded,.,2. Both the compounds are acids: the,former,is strong, the,latter,weak.,这两种化合物都是酸，,前者,是强酸，,后者,是弱酸。,3. In the fission process the fission fragments are very,radioactive,.,在裂变过程中，裂变碎片具有强烈的,放射性,。,（,3,）,Pronouns converted into Nouns,Pronouns are more frequently used in Eglish than in Chinese. Sometimes we have to convert them into nouns to avoid confusion.,（,3,）,Pronouns converted into Nouns,Radio waves are similar to light waves except,their,wavelength is much greater.,无线光波与光波相似，但无线光波的波长要长得多。,The specific resistance of iron is not so small as,that,of copper.,铁的电阻系数不如铜的电阻系数那么小。,3. The result of this experiment is much better than,those,of previous ones.,这次试验结果比前几次的实验结果都好很多。,3. Converting into Adjectives,Some other parts of speech in Eglish can be converted into Chinese adjectives to smooth the translation.,(1) Nouns into Adjective,(2) Adverbs into Adjectives,(1) Nouns into Adjective,The,pallor,of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.,她,苍白的,脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。,2. This experiment was a great,success,.,3. Independent thinking is an absolute,necessity,in study.,学习中的独立思考是绝对,必须的,。,(2) Adverbs into Adjectives,Earthquakes are,closely,related to faulting.,地震与地层断裂有,密切的,联系。,2. It is demonstrated that gases are,perfectly,elastic.,已经证实气体具有,理想的,可收缩性。,3. The pressure,inside,equals the pressure,outside,.,内部,压力和,外部,压力相等。,4. He is,physically,weak but,mentally,sound.,他,身体,虽弱，但,心智,健全。,4. Converting into adverbs,Sometimes, for the sake of convenience, some parts of speech in English be converted into Chinese adverbs.,Adjectives into Adverbs,(2) Nouns and Verbs into Adverbs,(1) Adjectives into Adverbs,This is the most common case when a deverbal noun modified by an adjective is converted into a verb in the Chinese version.,Below 4 centigrades, water is in,continuous,expansion instead of,continuous,contraction.,水在,4,摄氏度一下就,不断地,膨胀，而不是,不断地,收缩。,(2) Nouns and Verbs into Adverbs,This conversion is adopted to make the version conform to the idiomatic Chinese expression.,I have the,honor,to inform you that your request is granted.,我,荣幸地,通知您，您的请求已得到批准。,(2) Nouns and Verbs into Adverbs,(2)The new mayor earned some appreciation by the,courtesy,of coming to visit the city poor.,新任市长,礼节性地,前来看望城市的贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。,(3) Rapid evaporation at the heating-surface,tends,to make the steam wet.,加热面的迅速蒸发作用，,往往,使蒸汽湿度变大。,5. The conversion of sentence elements,“,Conversion” in a broader sense includes the change of various elements of a sentence.,Care,must be taken at all times to protect the instrument from,dust and damp,.,应当始终,注意,保护仪器，防止其,沾染灰尘,和,受潮,。,(2) Careful,comparison,of them will show you the difference.,仔细将它们,比较,一下，你就会发现不同之处。,(3) The baby,doubled its weight,in a year.,婴儿的体重一年中长了一倍。,(4) She,behaves,as if she were a child.,她的举止像是个孩子。,(5) The test,is intended to,reinforce what you have learnt in the past few weeks.,本测验旨在强化你们过去几周内所学的知识。,Conversion in Chinese- EnglishTranslation,Conversion is also a common practice in Chinese-English translation. As mentioned above, more verbs may be used in a single Chinese sentence. When translated into English, many of them have to be converted into other parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, prepositions or preposition phrases and so on.,林则徐认为，要,成功地制止,鸦片买卖，就得首先把鸦片焚毁。,Lin Zexu believed that,a successful ban,of the trade in opium must be preceded by the burning of the drug itself.,2.,邓小平在”十一大“上说：“一定要,少说空话，多做工作,”。,Deng Xiaoping said in the 11th Party Congress, “There must be less empty talk and more hard work”.,3.,绝对不允许,违反,这个原则。,No violation of the principle is tolerated.,4.,这种人,闹,什么东西呢？,闹,名誉，,闹,地位，,闹,出风头。,What are the people of that kind after? They are after fame, position and opportunity to be in the limelight.,5.,该厂产品的,主要特点,是工艺精湛，经久耐用。,The products of the factory is chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.,6.,街中的一切逐渐消失在,灰暗的暮色,中。,Everything in the street is gradually disappearing into a pall of gay.,我们的教育方针，应该使受教育者在,德育、智育、体育,几方面都得到发展，成为,有社会主义觉悟、有文化,的劳动者。,Our educational policy must enable everyone who receives an education to develop morally, intellectually and physically and become a worker with both socialist consciousness and culture.,