Lecture 1-基本句型

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Lecture 1-,基本句型,-by Yvonne,October 19, 2011,1.,SV (,主语,+,谓语,),The moon rose.,Who cares ?,2. SVP (,主语,+,系语,+,表语,),I am a student.,The dish smells good.,3.SVO(,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,),She knows the answer.,I like reading.,4. SVo O(,主语,+,谓语,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,),He gave me a gift.,5. SVOC(,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾补,),We elected him our monitor.,They painted the door white.,系动词,亦称连系动词（,Link Verb,）。,作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。,状态系动词,可用来表示,主语性质或状态,，只有,be,一词，例如：,He is a teacher.,（表示主语的身份性质）,He is ill.,（表示主语的状态）,持续系动词,用来表示,主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,，主要有,keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,例如：,He always kept silent at meeting.,他开会时总保持沉默。,This matter rests a mystery.,此事仍是一个谜。,表像系动词,用来表示,看起来像,这一概念，主要有,seem, appear, look,例如：,He looks tired.,他看起来很累。,He seems (to be) very sad.,他看起来很伤心。,感官系动词,感官,系动词主要有,feel, smell, sound, taste,例如：,This kind of cloth feels very soft.,这种布手感很软。,This flower smells very sweet.,这朵花闻起来很香。,变化系动词,这些系动词表示,主语变成什么样,，变化系动词主要有,become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.,He became mad after that.,自那之后，他疯了。,She grew rich within a short time.,她没多长时间就富了。,终止系动词,表示主语,已终止动作,，主要有,prove, turn out,表达,证实,，,变成,之意，例如：,The rumor proved false.,这谣言证实有假。,The search proved difficult.,搜查证实很难。,His plan turned out a success.,他的计划终于成功了,关于连系动词后接不定式,1,、连系动词,be,后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：,1).My dream is to be a scientist.,我的梦想是当一名科学家。,2).All you have to do is to listen.,你只需要听。,2,、,seem, appear, prove, turn out, grow,等连系动词后也可接不定式,(,尤其是,to be),短语作表语：,1).The man seemed to be ill.,2).The plan proved to be useful.,3).He appears to know this.,4).The weather turned out to be fine.,若所接不定式为,to be,，,通常可以省略,to be,sound, smell, feel, taste, become ,look,等连系动词后通常不能接不定式：,(,也可以理解为用主动表被动）,误：,These oranges taste to be good. (,应去掉,to be),误：,The roses smell to be nice. (,应去掉,to be),Exercise:,1.My new work keeps me busy every day.,2.The manager just needs time and money.,3.They will meet at the guesthouse in an hour.,4.He becomes a different person at home.,5.They may also give these foreign tourists some help.,6.What he said does not matter.,7.Hes getting angry.,8.I have something to do.,9. He has refused to help them.,10.The pen writes smoothly.,11.What makes him think so?,12.The guide has offered a timetable to every tourist.,13.I showed him my picture.,14.I found the book easily.,15.He fell in love.,16.He brought you a dictionary.,17.He let me go.,18.We found the hall full.,19.They talked for half an hour.,20. Everything looks different.,