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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,定语从句,目录,定语从句概念,关系代词的功能及用法,关系副词的功能和用法,关系代词和关系副词的选择,限定性和非限定性定语从句的区别,As,在定语从句中的用法,as.which,引导非限制性定语从句,的区别,定语从句时态简化,定语从句概念,定语从句：,又称关系从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。,先行词：,被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句通常跟在先行词的后面，由关系词引出。关系词包括：关系代词、关系副词。,关系代词的功能及用法,关系代词：代替先行词，是指人或物的名词或代词、并在句中起主语、宾语和定语的作用。,Where is the girl,who,was injured in the accident?(,关系代词作主语）,Is there anyone here,whose,name is Wang lin?(,关系代词作定语）,关系代词的功能和句中的作用,代替人,代替物,代替人或物,主语,who,which,that,宾语,whom,which,that,定语,Whose,(=of whom),Whose,（,=of which,）,先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用,that,不用,which,引导。如：,This is the best place that I have ever visited,The second question that is asked is why we dont fall off the earth,先行词为,little,，,much,，,all,，,none,，,few,，（,the,）,one,，,something,，,everything,，,nothing,，,anything,等不定代词时，用,that,引导。如：,There is nothing in the world that can frighten him,用,that,不用,which,的七种情况：,先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，用,that,引导。,He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited,先行词前有,any,，,all,，,no,，,few,，,every,，,some,，,little,，,much,，（,the,）,very,（,the,）,only,（,the,）,last,等词修饰时，用,that,引导。,This is the very coat that I need,Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn,？,先行词为,which,时，为了避免重复，用,that,引导。如：,Which is the book that you bought yesterday,？,先行词在从句中作表语时，常用,that,引导。如：,Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930s,当主句是,There be,句型时，用,that,引导。,There are two tickets for the film that are for you two,用,which,不用,that,的三种情况,非限制性定语从句用,which,，不用,that,引导。,Football,，,which is a very interesting game,，,is played all over the world,先行词为,that,时，为了避免重 复，定语从句用,which,不用,that,引导。如：,That which you borrowed from me wasnt a real diamond necklace,介词后用,which,不用,that,引导。如：,The method with which you solved the problem is very good,关系副词的功能和用法,引导定语从句的关系副词代替与其相应的先行词，并且在从句中分别起时间、地点和原因状语的作用。,关系代词在意义上相当于一个,“,介词,+which,”,的结构。,关系副词,被代替的先行词,句中的作用,【,注,】,When (=at,、,on,、,in,、,during which,）,表示时间的名词,时间状语,在口语中关系副词常用,that,代替，有时甚至可以省略,Where (=in,、,at,which),表示地点场合等的名词,地点状语,Why (for which),reason,原因状语,How (in which),way,方式状语,关系代词和关系副词的选择,看代替先行词的关系词在从句中充当什么成分,看先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因,看所引导的是限定性定语从句还是非限定性定语从句,限定性和非限定性定语从句,种类,意义,形式,功能,译法,关系代、副词,限定性定语从句,起限定作用，若省去、原来意义不完整,紧接先行词后，无逗号,修饰先行词,常译为先行词的定语,关系词有时可由,that,代替有时也可省略,非限定性定语从句,起补充说明作用。若省去，原句意义不受影响,有逗号，与主句断开,即可修饰先行词也可修饰整个句子,常译为另一并列分句,不可用,that,不能省略,As,引导限定性定语从句,As,引导限定性定语从句时，主要用在,“,such,as,”,和,“,the same,as,”,的结构中，可代替先行词是人或物的名词。在,“,the same,as,”,结构中,“,as,”,也可用,“,that,”,来代替。,Let,t discuss only such question,as,concern us!(as,主语）,No one will believe such stories,as,he told.(as,宾语）,有时,“,the same,as,”,结构中,as,也可用作关系副词。,He works in the same shop as(that)I do.(as,做地点状语）,As,引导非限定性定语从句,As,引导非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明明。该从句的位置较灵活，可位于主句前面，或插在主句中间，或位于主句后面。通常有逗号将其与主句隔开。可译为,“,正如,”“,正像,”,等。,He is an Englishman,as(which)I know from his accent.,（,as,代替前述句，在从句中做宾语）,As was usual with him,he went out for a walk after dinner.(as,代替后述句，在从句中作主语）,as.which,引导非限制性定语从句,的区别,as,引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后，而,which,引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。,as,常与从句中的,know,，,see,，,hear,，,expect,等动词连用，也常用于,as often happens,，,as is often the case,（常有的事）等句子中；而,which,一般不用于以上情况。,as,有,“,正如,”,的含义，,which,没有此含义。如：,As is well known,，,Shanghai is a big city,Some of the roads were flooded,，,which made our journey more difficult,定语从句时态简化,如果主句动作是将来时，从句动作表示的动作与主句动作发生在同一时间，从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表示过去将来时。,The first person who opens that door will get a shock.,(,不用,will open),但是，如果从句动作是指不同于主句动作的将来时间，则两部分都要用将来时。,Those who will go to tomorrow,s show will have to come this afternoon to get their tickets.,The end,Thank you!,
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