如何写好简单句

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,如何写好简单句,(1),简单句的基本句型,(1),S(,主语,),V(,系动词,),P(,表语,),主系表结构是由,“,主语系动词表语,”,组成，用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。系动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语。连系动词有三类：,(1),表示特征和存在状态的,be,，,seem,，,feel,，,appear,，,look,，,smell,，,taste,，,sound,；,(2),表示状态延续的,remain,，,stay,，,keep,，,continue,，,stand,；,(3),表示状态变化的,become,，,get,，,turn,，,go,，,run,，,fall,，,come,，,grow,；如：,1,Traffic in cities is,getting,_,heavier,_,and,_,heavier,.,2,Anyone should,be,_,honest,_,and,_,helpful,to his families,，,teachers and classmates.,本句型中表语可以由名词，代词，形容词，副词，介词短语和分词等充当，如：,1,He(,主语,)is(,系动词,),a,_,boy,.(,名词作表语,),2,She(,主语,)looks(,系动词,),beautiful,.(,形容词作表语,),3,He(,主语,)is(,系动词,),in,_,good,_,health,.(,介词短语作表语,),4,The students(,主语,)became(,系动词,),annoyed,.(,过去分词作表语,),简单句的基本句型,(2),S(,主语,),V(,谓语,),A(,状语,),主谓结构是由,“,主语不及物动词,”,构成，常用来表示主语的动作。此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。谓语的修饰语叫状语，状语可以出现在句首或句末，有时无状语。,如：,1.,2.,1,请划分以下句子的成分。,(1)This kind of cloth feels soft.,(2)He fell in love.,(3)Our well has gone dry.,(4)The sun was shining brightly.,活学活用,(5)The moon rose high in the sky.,答案：,2,翻译下列句子,(1),未来几天天气将持续炎热。,_,(2),这支钢笔书写流畅。,_,(3),太阳照耀在珠江上。,_,(4),他突然病倒了。,_,(5),这台机器的情况良好。,_,(6),她感到很愉快。,_,(7),叶子在秋天变成红色。,_,(8),不久杰克就成了一名熟练的出租车司机。,_,(9),昨夜她笑了。,_,(10),我在这座城市已生活了十年。,_,答案：,(1)It will remain/stay hot for several days.,(2)The pen writes smoothly.,(3)The sun is shining on the Pearl River.,(4)He fell ill suddenly.,(5)The machine is in good condition.,(6)She felt very happy.,(7)Leaves turned red in autumn.,(8)Jack became a skilled,taxidriver,soon.,(9)She laughed last night.,(10)I have lived in the city for ten years.,如何写好简单句,(2),简单句的基本句型,(3),S(,主语,),V(,谓语,),O(,宾语,),主谓宾结构是由,“,主语及物动词宾语,”,构成。此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都是及物动词，都具有实义，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。而宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：,1,S,V,n,./,pron,.(,名词作宾语,),Many boys like,football,very much.,2,S,V,infinitive(,不定式作宾语,),The Internet helps,(,to),_,make,_,many,_,friends,.,另外，以下动词也经常跟不定式作宾语：,attempt,，,dare,，,desire,，,expect,，,intend,，,learn,，,need,，,offer,，,pretend,，,promise,等。,Mother promised,to,_,buy,_,me,_,a,_,new,_,computer,.,3,S,V,Whword,infinitive(,wh,to do,作宾语,),We havent decided,where,_,to,_,hold,_,the,_,sports,_,meet,.,常用于这个句型的动词有：,ask,，,consider(,认为,),，,decide,，,discover,，,explain,，,find out,，,forget,，,guess,，,inquire,，,know,，,learn,，,observe,，,remember,，,see,，,settle,，,tell,，,think,，,understand,，,wonder,等。,4,S,V,gerund(,动名词作宾语,),I enjoy,living,_,in,_,the,_,country,.,常用于这个句型的动词有：,admit,，,advise,，,avoid,，,consider(,考虑,),，,defend,，,enjoy,，,excuse,，,finish,，,forbid,，,imagine,，,mind,，,miss,，,risk,，,suggest,，,give up,，,cant help,等。,5,同源宾语,英语中有些宾语是其谓语动词的名词形式，这个宾语就叫同源宾语。如：,Liu,Hulan,died,a heroic,death,.,刘胡兰英勇就义。,(die,和,death,属于同根词。,),常见的这类动词有：,live/life,，,smile/smile,，,dream/dream,，,sleep/sleep,，,die/death,等。,活学活用,(1)Who knows the answer?,(2)She smiled her thanks.,(3)He has refused to help them.,(4)He enjoys reading.,(5)I am considering changing my job next month.,答案：,2,翻译下列句子,(1),玛丽睡了一个好觉，做了一个好梦，梦中露出了甜蜜的微笑。,_,(2),永远不要冒险违背自然法则。,_,(3),他用微笑表示感谢。,_,(4),你的衣服该洗了。,_,(5),我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。,_,(6),你们必须在两周内看完这些书。,_,(7),我喜欢流行音乐。,_,(8),她知道下一步做什么。,_,(9),我通常晚上在家做家庭作业。,_,(10),我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。,_,答案：,(1)Mary slept a sound sleep,，,dreamed a good dream and smiled a sweet smile in her dream.,(2)Never risk going against the law of nature.,(3)He smiled his thanks./He expressed his thanks with a smile.,(4)Your clothes need washing.,(5)I received a letter from my,penfriend,in Australia.,(6)You must finish reading these books in two weeks.,(7)I like popular music.,(8)She knows what to do next.,(9)I usually do my homework at home in the evening.,(10)We havent decided when to discuss the problem again.,如何写好简单句,(3),英语基本句型,4,S,V(,及物,),O,O,双宾语结构由,“,主语及物动词间接宾语,(,人,),直接宾语,(,事物,),”,组成。此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须带有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。但若要先说出直接宾语,(,事物,),，后说间接宾语,(,人,),，则要借助于介词,to,或,for,。如：,He brings me cookies every,day.,He,brings cookies to me every day.,She bought me a beautiful,skirt.,She,bought a beautiful skirt for me.,用,to,侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。,用,for,侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,常跟双宾语的动词有：,(,需借助,to,的,)bring,，,give,，,lend,，,hand,，,offer,，,pass,，,pay,，,promise,，,return,，,send,，,show,，,teach,，,tell,，,write,，,ask,等；,(,需借助,for,的,)buy,，,call,，,cook,，,choose,，,draw,，,find,，,get,，,make,，,order,，,sing,，,save,，,spare,等。,活学活用,1,请划分以下句子的成分,(1)She ordered herself a new dress.,(2)She cooked her husband a delicious meal.,(3)I gave my car a wash.,(4)He showed me how to run the machine.,答案：,2,用上述句型翻译下列句子,(1),奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。,_,(2),他把车票给列车员看。,_,(3),我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。,_,(4),总裁告诉我们他的电话号码。,_,(5),农民正在教那个男孩怎样种树。,_,3,用,to,或,for,将,2,大题中的句子转换成另一种表达,_,答案：,2,(1)Grandma told me an interesting story last night.,(2)He showed the conductor the ticket.,(3)My father has bought me a new bike.,(4)The president tells us his telephone number.,(5)The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.,3,(1)Grandma told an interesting story to me last night.,(2)He showed the ticket to the conductor.,(3)My father has bought a new bike for me.,(4)T