品质知识——防误措施33392

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,1,MISTAKE-PROOFING,防,误措施,ACE Elements,QCPC,Root Cause/,Corrective,Action,Passport,Process,Management,Standard,Work,Mistake,Proofing,Market,Feedback,Analysis,6S,Quality,Clinic Activity,TPM,ACE,内容,质量,诊断程序,图表,根本,原因,修正,行动,设计,开发通行证,程序,管理,标榜,化作业,防,误措施,市场,反馈,分析,6S,质量,诊断,行动,全面,生产性,维护,ACE Elements,Engineering New Products,Processes&Systems,Passport,-,Systematic method for review/approval of new designs,Standard Method,Process Management-Means to identify&map key business processes,Standard Work,-,Repeatable processes that are effective and efficient,Quality Improvement Methods,QCPC,-Simple tool to identify problems and inefficiencies(turnbacks),MFA,-,Data summaries that display how components perform in field,Root Cause,-,Method to drive to the true source of problems,Standard Environment,New 6S,-,Workplace organization and visual control,Total Productive Maintenance,-,Continuously improving equipment effectiveness/availability,Mistake-Proof,-Creation of devices that ensure a task is always done correctly,ACE,内容,开发新产品、程序和系统,设计,开发通行证,-,检查/批准,新,设计的系统方法,标准,方法,程序,管理,识别,并展示重要商业程序的方法,标准,化作业,-,可,重复的有效程序,质量,改进方法,质量,诊断程序图表,-,识别问题和低效率（返工）的简单工具,市场,反馈分析,-,展示组件是怎样工作的数据摘要,根本,原因,-,发现问题的真正来源的方法,标准,环境,新,6S,-,工作,场地组织和直观控制,全面,生产性维护,-,不断,地改善设备的有效性和可用性,防,误措施,-,确保,任务总能正确完成的设备的措施,Increase,profitability,by eliminating inadvertent mistakes,消除,无谓的错误可增加,利润率,Increase,productivity,by reducing wasted time,减少,浪费的时间可提高,生产力,Improve,customer satisfaction,and,quality,by eliminating escapes,消除,逃脱可提高,客户满意度,和,质量,Increase,reliability,by continuously improving products,services or processes,不断,改进产品、服务或程序可提高,信誉,Benefits of Mistake-Proofing,防,误措施的好处,They are not the same thing!,Mistakes,Cause,Defects.,他们,是不同的！,错误导致过失,Mistakes vs.Defects,错误vs,过失,Mistake,错误,Defect,过,失,Pumping diesel fuel into your gas tank.,将,柴油加入汽油箱,Running a red light.,撞,红灯,Forgetting to unplug your iron.,忘,记拔掉电熨斗的插头,Placing the“original”in your copier feeder“face down”.,将,原件放进了复印机的进纸处并正面冲下,or,Misunderstanding requirements,误解,了要求,Skipping a process step or tasks,漏,掉了一个工作步骤,Performing process steps incorrectly or in the wrong order,未,正确地或以错误地顺序执行程序步骤,Contamination,污染,Most Common Mistakes,最,常见的错误,Leaving out a part or a piece of information,漏,掉了一个零件或一条信息,Adjustment and measurement mistakes,调节,和测量错误,Timing mistakes,定时错误,Using the wrong part,tool or information,使用,了错误的零件、工具或信息,Mistake-Proofing is a way of using wisdom and ingenuity to create devices that ensure a task is,always,done correctly.,防,误措施是指运用智慧和独创性发展出一个能确保任务总是能正确完成的设备的方法。,Mistake-Proofing,防,误措施,It removes uncertainty from the situations where errors are most likely to occur,such as:,它,去除了最可能发生错误的情形中的不确定性，如：,Repetitive tasks,重复,性的任务,Complex instructions,复杂,的说明书,Calculations/Adjustments,计算/,调节,Look-alike parts,相似,的零件,Why do we do Mistake Proofing?,为,什么我们要采用防误措施？,To prevent,turnbacks,and,customer escapes,from recurring,since the cost to fix a problem increases rapidly the later it is found:,为防止缺陷和客户逃脱情况再次发生，因为问题发现得越晚所花的费用就会迅速增加：,If a defect occurs here,如果,在这儿发生过失,and its found here,并,在这儿被发现，,it costs:,就,要花费：,Rework,repair,scrap and escapes cost UTC$148 million per year.,Warranty expenses cost us another$600 million per year.,The cost of lost customer loyalty due to escapes is immeasurable.,返,工、修理、废弃和逃脱每年要花掉,UTC1.48,亿。,保修,费用每年花掉我们另外6亿。,由于逃脱而丧失了客户的信任的损失则不可计算。,Design,设计,DevelopProcess,进行,加工,Op 2,Customer,客户,Op 1,Op 1,Op 2,$1,$10,$100,$1,000,$10,000,Mistake-Proof,防,误措施,the Design,设计,Redesign the product,重新,设计产品,Eliminate the mistake condition,消除,犯错误的条件,Redesign for symmetry or asymmetry,重新,进行对称或不对称设计,Change the materials,改变,材料,Change component type,characteristics or supplier,改变,组件的类型、特征或供应商,2 Approaches to Mistake Proofing,预防,错误的2个途径,Mistake-Proof,防误措施,the Process,加工,Change or add tooling,改变,或增添工具,Change process steps,改变,加工步骤,Add use of checklists,templates or gages,增,加使用清单、模板或测量仪,Implement control charts,执,行控制图表,Process Description:Making a pot of coffee,程序,描述：泡一壶咖啡,Example of Mistake-Proofing the Design,防,误措施范例 设计,Before Improvement:,改进,前：,Water needed to be measured for each pot of coffee often resulting in coffee that was too weak or too strong,泡前每壶咖啡的水量都要测量常常导致咖啡过淡或过浓。,Process Description:Making a pot of coffee,程序,描述：泡一壶咖啡,Example of Mistake-Proofing the Design,防,误措施范例 设计,After Improvement:,改进,后：,Coffee maker was redesigned to measure and add the precise amount of water from a water bottle,重新,设计咖啡机以使每次从水瓶中加入的水的量都一样多,Process Description:A label is pasted into a recess in a molded chassis,程序,描述：将标签贴在底盘的凹槽内,Example of Mistake-Proofing the Design,防,误措施范例 设计,Before Improvement:,改进,前：,The recess and the label were both rectangular.The label could be glued in upside-down.,凹槽和标签都是长方形。标签可能会贴反。,Recess in chassis,底盘的凹槽,Label,标,签,Model T6,AC 110V,10 W,After Improvement:,改进,后：,A notch was made in the corner of the label,and in