六大从句用法总结

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,page1,六大从句用法总结,2016/6/16,主语从句,1,宾语从句,2,表语从句,3,同位语从句,4,定语从句,5,状语从句,6,目录,主语从句,1,）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。,*It,is a facta pitya questiongood news,that.,*It,seemsappearshappenedhas turned out,that.,*It,is clearimportantlikelypossible,that.,*It,is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved,that.,It,（形式主语）,is said,（谓语）that,comic books（主）,create（谓）a connection（宾）between people of the same generation（宾补）.,（整个句子为真正的主语）,主语从句 page1,主语从句,It seems that,the performance is very useful,.,2)what引导的主语从句表示“.的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语.,What we lack,is experience.,3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序.,How the plan is to be carried out,should be discussed again.,主语从句 page,2,宾语从句,1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后.连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句.in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句.,*I promised,that I would change the situation,.,*All this is different,from,what American young people would say about friendship,.,*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.,*This article is well-written except,that it is a bit too long,.,宾语从句 page1,表语从句,表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中.表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导.that常可省略.如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.,*,Perhaps the most important thing to remember is,that there is no one common type of life in America,.,*,The reason why so many people died there is（,why,引导的同位语）,that there were not enough food supplies,.,*,It looks,as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller,.,表语从句 page,1,同位语从句,同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导.常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后.,*,She finally made the decision,that she would join the fashion show,.,*,I had no idea,how many books I could borrow at a time,.,*,The news came,that their team had won the championship,（谓语较短，将同位语从句放置在谓语之后）,.,同位语从句 page1,定语从句,定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子.定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导.,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响.不可用that引导非限制性定语从句.关系词不可省略.,定语从句 page1,定语从句,限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整.,引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等.,who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which；which用于指物；,that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中.关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等.,定语从句 page,2,定语从句,*,The computers and cables,which make up the Internet,are owned by people and organizations.,*,Those,who live alone or who are sick,may have trouble in getting close to other people.,*,The girl,whose parents died in an accident,is living with her grandmother.,定语从句 page,3,定语从句,1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导从句.,*,That is,all,that Ive heard from him,.,*,Hes the,first,person,that Im going to interview this afternoon,.,2)关系代词的省略,在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略.关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略.,定语从句 page,4,定语从句,*,This is one of those things,with which we have to put up,.,*,This is one of those things,(whichthat)we have to put up with,.,3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等.关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构.,*,Even in comic books,where(=in which)there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings,.,*,No one knows the reason,why(=for which)he was so angry that day,.,定语从句 page,5,定语从句,非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响.不可用that引导非限制性定语从句.关系词不可省略.,*,Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism,.,“介词+whichwhomwhose”引导的定语从句,“介词+whichwhomwhose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配.,*,This is the computer,on which he spent all his savings,.,*,It is written by a person,with whom we are all familiar,.,定语从句 page,6,定语从句,as引导的定语从句,as引导的定语从句主要用于“such.as”及“the same.as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词.as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间.,*,These are not such problems,as can be easily solved,.(as代替先行词problems),As is mentioned above,(as代替主语),no single company or group can control,what happens on the Internet,(,宾语从句,),.,定语从句 page,7,状语从句,时间状语从句,引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：,1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等.,*,We have learnt quite a lot about it,since we came here,.,2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely).when,no sooner.than,each(every)time,the moment,immediately(that)等.,*,As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.,*,The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.,状语从句 page,1,状语从句,地点状语从句,引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.,*,Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.,原因、结果和目的状语从句,1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等.,Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.,2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so.that,such.that,so that,that,so等.,Mickey Mouse is so attractive,that the children are reluctant to leave,.,状语从句 page,2,状语从句,3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order th