美国图书馆的管理与运营课件cghe

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,LIBRARY MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONAL MECHANISMS,美国图书馆的管理与运营,Qi Chen,1,2011,5-6,Outline,提纲,The basis of American public libraries,图书馆的基础,American public libraries system,美国公共图书馆,系统,Library management and personnel,图书馆,管理和人员,Library funding,图书馆,资金来源,The role of library associations,图书馆,协会的作用,American Library Association,美国图书馆,State and regional library association,洲和地区图书馆协会,2,American Libraries,美国图书馆,Academic Libraries(higher educational institutions),高校图书馆,Public Libraries,公共图书馆,School Libraries(Kindergarten through grade 12),学校图书馆（幼儿园至,12,年级）,Special Libraries(Dept.libraries in higher educational institutions:medical,theological,scientific,law),专业图书馆（有一些在高等院校设立，如医学，神学，科学，法律图书馆）,3,Organizational Basis of American Public Library,美国图书馆的组织基础,Public library is based on the needs of the community,基于社区的需要,More public libraries are available in large metropolitan areas,大都市有更多得图书馆,School districts,学区,County or state regions,or cities,洲,县,市所在地,4,Legal Basis of Public Library,美国图书馆的法律基础,Library Law and legislation of US,图书馆法和美国法律,Constitutional from the people,宪法,-,来源于人们,Statutory enacted by legislative body congress法定,的,-,如制定立法机构,-国会,等,Administrative legislatures,county commissions,city councils.,行政议会，县委员会，市议会,5,Public Library Management,美国公共图书馆的管理,State grant the right to city,village,or district to establish a library,州政府通过各种法律所建立的一个,公共图书馆,为本社区,城区,或本地区的居民提供服务,To levy taxes&determine the structure and powers of the library board,州政府通过,征税和确定和图书馆委员会的结构和权力,6,图书馆在伊利诺宜州地产税中,(,举例）,Illinois Compiled Statutes Ch.75:Libraries(Example),图书馆,表明政府是如何使用房地产税的，与每个方面直接挂钩。,居民据此可向当地政府表示是否同意。,一个芝加哥居民房地产税,2006,年帐单中的一部分,A Report in a Chicago Resident Property Tax Statement,Purpose of a Public library Purpose,建立,公共图书馆,The economic gap between“haves“and“have nots”,缩小有无产者间的差距,Increase diversity and growth of the populations,提高人口和人员多元化,Quality of education and literacy,人口文化程度,Technology benefits and challenges,享受技术迎接挑战,Partnership and collaboration,与各界合作,Staying relevant providing services and programs responsive to the community and having the community aware of them,紧跟形势,提供服务和方案回应社区,使社区对他们有所了解,Make sure the residents gain all kinds of necessary information they need.,确保居民获得各种社区信息,8,Equity of Access,平等使用图书馆资源和享受图书馆服务的机会,Gateway to knowledge,知识之门,Lifelong learning,提供终身学习的资源,Intellectual freedom,提供追求知识的自由,Community,and information center,，,meeting the needs of local communities,社区和信息中心,Quality of life,提高个人及社区的生活质量,Establishing a Public Library,公共图书馆,Public Library Services,公共图书馆服务,公共图书馆八种功能,:,Community activities Ctr,社区活动中心、,Community information Ctr.,社区资讯中心、,Formal education support Ctr,正规教育支持中心、,Independent Learning Ctr,独立自学中心、,Popular materials library,通俗资料图书馆、,Preschoolers door to learning,学龄前儿童学习入门、,Reference Library,参考图书馆、,Research Ctr.,研究中心,10,Public Library System,美国公共图书馆管理系统,Hierarchy system,等级管理系统,There may be one public library in a community or there may be a public library system.A public library system administers,该系统一个图书馆，可以包括：,central library,中心图书馆,Branch library,分馆,bookmobile,流动图书馆,books-by-mail service,图书邮寄服务,11,Public Library,美国公共图书馆,A public library should have:,一个公共图书馆应有,:,an organized collection,组织有序的馆藏,;,paid staff;,有正式工作人员,an established schedule in which services of the staff are available to the public;,有正常的业务时间,并有工作人员接待读者,the facilities necessary to support such a collection,staff,and schedule,有支持馆藏,工作人员,以及开馆时间所需要的各种设施,is supported in whole or in part with public funds,.,有部分或全部来自公共资金的支持,(IMLS data,2008),12,Public Library,美国公共图书馆,There are a total of 9,208 public libraries,共有,9,208,个公共图书馆,There are 819,mobile libraries serving 97%of the population,有,819,个流动图书馆,为各州的,97%,的人口提供图书馆服务,12%of the libraries locate in a population of more than 50,000 up to 73%of the total population,12%,的公共图书馆为,73%,的人口服务,人口都在,50,000,以上,53%of the library reside in city or school districts,53%,以上的公共图书馆直属市区管辖,51%of the libraries open more than 40 hours,51%,的图书馆每周开馆时间在,40,小时以上,140,000 Library staff,有图书馆工作人员,140,000,13,Public Library,美国公共图书馆,Average total staff per 25,000 population 12.18,每,25,000,人,有图书馆工作人员,Highest,最高,21.66 Ohio,lowest,最低,:,Arkansas 7.55,Average librarians per 25,000 population 4.06,图书馆员,highest,最高,8.39 New Hampshire,lowest,最低,2.00 N.Carolina,Average ALA MLS librarians per 25,000 population 2.75,专业馆员,Highest,最高,5.25 Connecticut,lowest,最低,.84 Arkansas,Average other staff per 25,000 population 8.13,一般工作人员,Highest,最高,15.59 Ohio,lowest,最低,4.29 Mon