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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Chapter 1,Overview of Electronic Commerce,1,Learning Objectives,Define electronic commerce (EC) and describe its various categories.,Describe and discuss the content and framework of EC.,Describe the major types of EC transactions.,Describe the digital revolution as a driver of EC.,Describe the business environment as a driver of EC.,2,Learning Objectives,Describe some EC business models.,Describe the benefits of EC to organizations, consumers, and society.,Describe the limitations of EC.,Describe the contribution of EC to organizations responding to environmental pressures.,Describe online social and business networks.,3,1.1 Electronic,Commerce: Definitions and Concepts,1 electronic,commerce (EC),The process of buying, selling, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks,4,1.1 Electronic,Commerce: Definitions and Concepts,EC can be defined from these perspectives,:,Business process,Service,Learning,Collaboration,Community,5,1.1 Electronic,Commerce: Definitions and Concepts,2 e-business,A broader definition of EC,that includes not just the buying and selling of goods and services,but also,servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and conducting electronic transactions within an organization,6,1.1 Electronic,Commerce: Definitions and Concepts,3-1 electronic,market (e-marketplace),An online marketplace where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods, services, money, or information,7,1.1 Electronic,Commerce: Definitions and Concepts,3-2 interorganizational,information,systems,Communications systems that allow routine transaction processing and information flow between two or more organizations,3-3 intraorganizational,information systems,Communication systems that enable e-commerce activities to go on within individual organizations,8,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,intranet,An internal corporate or government network that uses Internet tools, such as Web browsers, and Internet protocols,extranet,A network that uses the Internet to link multiple intranets,9,1,EC,applications are supported by infrastructure and by these five support areas:,People,Public policy,Marketing and advertisement,Support services,Business partnerships,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,10,11,2 Classification,of EC by the Nature of the Transactions or Interactions,business-to-business (B2B),E-commerce model in which all of the participants are businesses or other organizations,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,12,business-to-consumer (B2C),E-commerce model in which businesses sell to individual shoppers,e-tailing,Online,retailing, usually B2C,business-to-business-to-consumer (B2B2C),E-commerce model in which a business provides some product or service to a client business that maintains its own customers,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,13,consumer-to-business (C2B),E-commerce model in which individuals use the Internet to sell products or services to organizations or individuals who seek sellers to bid on products or services they need,mobile commerce (m-commerce),E-commerce transactions and activities conducted in a wireless environment,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,14,intrabusiness,EC,E-commerce category that includes all internal organizational activities that involve the exchange of goods, services, or information among various units and individuals in an,organization,business-to-employees (B2E),E-commerce model in which an organization delivers services, information, or products to its individual employees,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,15,collaborative,commerce (c-commerce),E-commerce model in which individuals or groups communicate or collaborate online,consumer-to-consumer (C2C),E-commerce model in which consumers sell directly to other,consumers,peer-to-peer (P2P),Technology that enables networked peer computers to share data and processing with each other directly; can be used in C2C, B2B, and B2C e-commerce,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,16,e-learning,The online delivery of information for purposes of training or education,e-government,E-commerce model in which a government entity buys or provides goods, services, or information from or to businesses or individual citizens,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,17,exchange,A public electronic market with many buyers and sellers,exchange-to-exchange (E2E),E-commerce model in which electronic exchanges formally connect to one another for the purpose of exchanging information,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,18,3 The,Interdisciplinary Nature of EC,The major EC disciplines include: computer sience, marketing, consumer behavior, finance, economics, MIS, accounting, business law, robotics, public administration, and engineering,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,19,4 The,Future of EC,Web 2.0,The second-generation of Internet-based services that let people collaborate and share information online in perceived new wayssuch as social networking sites, wikis, communication,tools,1.2 The,EC Framework, Classification, and,Content,20,21,22,digital,economy,An economy that is based on digital technologies, including digital communication networks, computers, software, and other related information technologies; also called the Internet economy, the new economy, or the Web economy,1.3 Digital,Revolution Drives EC,23,24,1.4 Business,Environment Drives EC,The Business Environment,The business environment impact model,Business pressures,Organizational response strategies,25,26,1.5 EC,Business Models,1 business,model,A method of doing business by which a company can generate revenue to sustain itself,27,Six elements of a business model include descriptions of:,Customers,to be served and the companys relationships with these customers including,customers value proposition,All,products,and,services,the business will offer,The,business process,required to make and deliver the products and services,1.5 EC,Business Models,28,The,resources,required and the identification of which ones are available, which will be developed in house, and which will need to be acquired,The organizations,supply chain, including,suppliers,and other,business partners,The revenues expected (,revenue model,), anticipated costs, sources of financing, and estimated profitability (,financial viability,),1.5 EC,Business Models,29,30,Functions of a Business Model,Articulate a customer value proposition,Identify a market segment,Define the ventures specific value chain structure,Estimate the cost structure and profit potential,Describe the ventures positioning within the value network linking suppliers and customers,Formulate the ventures competitive strategy,1.5 EC,Business Models,31,Online direct marketing,Electronic tendering systems.,Name your own price,Find the best price,Affiliate marketing,Viral marketing,Group purchasing,Online auctions,Product and service customization,Electronic marketplaces and exchanges,Information brokers (,informediaries,),Bartering,Deep discounting,Membership,Value-chain integrators,Value-chain service providers,Supply chain improvers,Social networks, communities, and blogging,Direct sale by manufacturers,Negotiation,Typical EC Business Models,1.5 EC,Business Models,32,1.6 Benefits,and Limitations of EC,Benefits to,Organizations,Consumers,Society,Limitations,Technological,Nontechnological,33,1.7 Social,and Business Networks,social networks,Web sites that connect people with specified interests by providing free services such as photo presentation, e-mail, blogging, etc.,Business-oriented networks,are social networks whose primary objective is to facilitate business,34,1.8 The,Digital Enterprise,digital enterprise,A new business model that uses IT in a fundamental way to accomplish one or more of three basic objectives: reach and engage customers more effectively, boost employee productivity, and improve operating efficiency. It uses converged communication and computing technology in a way that improves business processes,35,corporate portal,A major gateway through which employees, business partners, and the public can enter a corporate Web site,1.8 The,Digital Enterprise,36,37,Managerial Issues,Is it real?,Why is B2B e-commerce so attractive?,There are so many EC failureshow can one avoid them?,How do we transform our organization into a digital one?,38,Managerial Issues,How should we evaluate the magnitude of business pressures and technological advancement?,How can we exploit social/business networking?,What should be my companys strategy toward EC?,What are the top challenges of EC?,39,
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