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,高中英语课件,（金戈铁骑 整理制作,）,Unit3Grammarandusage,宾语补足语,宾语,+,宾语补足语,=,复合宾语,如,:Thesun,keeps,us,warm,.,I,heard,him,singing,.,Youmust,get,yourhair,cut.,We,call,her,Jenny,.,They,found,him,out.,Make,yourself,athome,.,They,wish,you,togo,withthem.,宾语补足语,是位于宾语之后，,说明宾语的状态、,特征的成分,，,多由名词、形容词、,副词、不定式，动名词和分词充当,。,常见的宾补形式,1.,名词做宾补,Shefoundhim,averycleverboy,.,Theynamedthechild,Jimmy,.,Mymotherlookssoyoungthatwe,wouldthinkher,mysister,.,用作宾语补足语的名词表示独一无二的职位、,头衔、称谓时，其前不能用冠词。例如：,Johnwaselected,chairman,ofthestudentsunion.In1864Lincolnwasmade,president,oftheUnited,Statesforthesecondtime.Thequeenmadehim,officer,oftheguard,2.,形容词做宾补,Hehadastrangewayof,makinghisclass,livelyandinteresting,.,I,foundthemovie,very,interesting,.,We,found,it,important,forchildrento,followthetablerules.,John,wearshishair,very,long,.,She,madeherhands,dirty,.,3.,副词做宾补,LastSundayI,sawyou,out,with,yoursister.,Haveyourshoes,on,.,Whenyouhavefinishedyour,experiment,pleasetidythe,laband,puteverything,back,inthecupboards.,I,followedhim,in,.,4.,介词短语做宾补,Tohersurprise,she,foundherself,inadifferentworld,.,I,foundeverything,ingoodcondition,.,We,thought,thematerial,ofgreat,importance,.,They,acknowledged,him,astheir,chief,.,5.,现在分词做宾语补足语,Imsorrytohave,keptyouwaiting,forsolong.,Icould,feelthecoldwindblowing,onmyface.,Hetriedto,starttheenginerunning,.,Thewordsimmediately,setusalllaughing,.,注：现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发,生或正在进行，强调动作过程。,有些动词既可以用不定式作宾语补足语，又可以,用现在分词作宾语补足语,，,有些动词只能用现,在分词作宾语补足语,，这些动词是：,catch,keep,mind,prevent,remember,stop,start,smell,excuse,spy,send,等，,She,caught,herson,smokingacigarette,.,Wedbetter,keep,thefire,burning,.,Idont,mind,you,joking,.Ilikeit.,6.,动词,-ed,形式作宾语补足语,能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。,She,foundthedoorbroken,inwhenshe,cameback,Mygrandfather,hadhisoldhouserebuilt,7.,动词不定式：,(todo/do),Nobodycouldmakehimchange,hismind.,Wouldyoulikemetocome,alongwithyou?,动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作，常分为两种：,(1),带,to,的不定式，常见的跟带,to,的不定式作宾补的动词,有,get,advise,teach,tell,allow,ask,expect,force,invite,order,permit,persuade,request,require,train,want,warn,wish,(2),不带,to,的不定式，常见的跟不带,to,的不定式作宾补的动词包括感官动词，,如,see,，,hear,，,watch,，,notice,，,feel.,和使役动词，如,let,，,make,，,have.,（,注：在被动语态中，动词不定式前要加上,to,）,非谓语动词作宾语补足语用法小结,一、后面用不定式作宾语补足语的动词,1.,在,allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,等,动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式,不能省略不定,式符号,to,。例如：,Iadviseyoutolistentoourteacherslectures,attentivelyatschool.,我建议你在学校里要仔细听老师讲课。,Theheadmasterwarnedthechildrento,keepoffthegarden,.,校长警告孩子们勿踏花园,。,2.,在,have,make,let,等使役动词,和,see,hear,watch,notice,feel,等感官动词,后面作宾补的不定式,须省略不定符号,to,。例如：,Theteacherdoesnt,makehisstudentsdo,homeworkatschool.,I,heardsomeoneknockat,thedoorthreetimes.,注：上面句式变为被动语态时，,把省略的不定式符号,to,添上。,Someone,washeardtoknockat,thedoorthree,times.,三、分词、不定式作宾补在意义上的区别,1.,现在分词作宾补,，,宾语,在逻辑上是分词表示的动,作的,执行者,；,2.,过去分词作宾补,，,宾语,在逻辑上是分词表示的动,作的,承受者,；,3.,省略了,to,的不定式作宾补只是表示一个事实，说,明动作的全过程；,4.,带,to,的不定式作宾补往往表示不定式的动作发生,在谓语动词的动作之后。,试比较：,试比较,：,1.,I,heardagirl,singing,upstairs.,(,表示一个主动、进行的动作,),我听见一个女孩正在楼上唱歌。,2.,I,heardthesong,sung,.,(,表示一个被动、完成的动作,),我听见有人唱过这首歌。,3.,I,heardagirl,sing,upstairs,.,(,强调唱歌的事实,),我听到一个女孩在楼上唱歌。,4.,Ill,getsomeone,torepair,therecorderforyou.,(,不定式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之后。,),我要叫人帮你修理录音机。,结构：,主,+,谓语,+it+,宾补,+,真正宾语,I,found,it,pleasant,tobewithyourfamily.,We,think,it,ourduty,thatweshouldhelpthepoor.,8.,注意,:it,做形式宾语,1.,I,felt,_necessarytospeakaboutour,shortcomings.,A.MeB.oneC.thatD.it,2.Doyou,consider,it,anygood_again?,A.TriedB.tryC.tryingD.Tried,Weall,thought,it,apity_youcouldnt,joinus.,A.IfB.whetherC.whyD.that,(1)Wemadehim_(,主席,)ofourStudentsUnion.,(2)Ifindthenovel,（有趣和神奇）,_.,Moreexampleswithanobject,complement,chairman,interestingandamazing,(3)Pleasekeepthecat_(,出去,).,(4)Iamoftenkept_(,在家,)alldaylongonSunday.,out,athome,用所给动词的恰当形式填空,:,1.Itsdifficulttogetacar_(go)onacoldmorning.,2.Hisfailingtheexamgothisparents_(worry).,going/togo,worried,3.Ihavehadmybike_(repair),andImgoingtohavemybrother_(repair)myradiotomorrow.,repaired,repair,6.Shewasfound_(lie)atthecorner,dead.,7.Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself_(hear).,lying,heard,A:Ioftenhearthissong,_(sing),butIhave,neverheardhim_,(sing)it.,B:Listen!Icanhearhim,_(sing)itnow.,sung,sing,singing,Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.,A.dontmakeB.notmake,C.notmakingD.nottomake,D,Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittle,sister_,todayhewasmade_,byhislittlesister.,A.cry;tocryB.crying;crying,C.cry;cryD.tocry;cry,A,
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