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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,2019/3/4,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,人称,单数,复数,主格,宾格,主格,宾格,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,人称代词,I,me,we,us,you,you,you,you,he,she,it,him,her,it,they,them,人称代词口诀,我是I,你是you, 男他,he ,女她,she, 物它it,我们,we,你们,you,他们,they.,趣味学堂,口诀一,在句子中做主语,当第一、二、三人称单数同时出现时，顺序应为二、三、一。,除了第一、二、三人称之外的其它人或,物,都,视为第三人称（包括第三人称单数和,复,数,）,eg. my sister,your brother,my book,his mother,my parents,her pen,your jacket,.,第三人称单数后用is，复数后用are,be:,is, am,are,单数,复数,I是am，you是are，is跟着he, she, it, 复数后面全用are,物主代词,单数,复数,形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,my,mine,your,yours,his her its,his hers its,our,ours,your,yours,their,theirs,含义,我的,你的,他的 她的 它的,我们的,你们的,他们的,its,与,its,its = it is,意为“它是”。,it,是人称代词（第三人称单数形式），句中指电话号码。,its,是形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”。例如：,Its a cat. Its names Mimi.,它是一只猫，它的名字叫咪咪。,形容词性物主代词,我的,my,你的,your,，,我们的是,our,，,你们的,your.,男的,his,，,女的,her,。,物,它的,Its,牢记着,，,他们的,their,指复数,。,趣味学堂,口诀二,指示代词,意思,用法,this(these),这个,/,位（这些）,用于指时间或空间上,较近,的人或物,that(those),那个,/,位（那些）,用于指时间或空间上,较远,的人或物,指示代词,名词,名词,专有名词：表示人、地方、组织机构或事物等专有的名词,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,个体名词：表示个别人或事物的名称,集体名词：表示若干人或事物的名称,物质名词：表示物质或材料的名称,抽象名词,一、名词的分类,二、名词的所有格,s,所有格,表示,有生命的人或动物,的,名词所有格,单数名词,和,不,以,s,结尾的复数名词,一般在词尾加“, s,”,以,s,结尾的复数名词,在词尾只加“,”。,ps:,如果表示两,(,几,),个人,共同拥有,在,最后一个名词,的词尾加“,s”,；,如果表示两,(,几,),个人,各自拥有,则须在,每个名词,后,都加上“,s”,。,2.of,所有格,无生命事物名词的所属关系,一般常用“,of,名词,”来表示,表示,前者属于后者,，且从,of,后向,of,前,翻译。,of,所有格与, s,所有格有时可以互换，不过要,注意它们物主的位置不同。,e.g.,The name of the cat is Mimi,(,of,结构,物主,the cat,在后,) The cats name is Mimi,(,s,结构,物主,the cat,在前,),三、名词的数,1.,规则名词复数形式的构成,:,一般情况是在名词后面加,-s,清辅音后,读,/s/,浊辅音和元音后读,/z/,。,pencil - pencil,s,egg - egg,s,2),以,s, x, ch, sh,等,结尾的名词,加,-es,读,/iz/,。,bus bus,es,watch watch,es,3),以,o,结尾,的词，加,-s,或,-es,读,/z/,。,a.,加,-es:,黑人,(Negro),英雄,(hero),爱吃土豆,(potato),西红柿,(tomato),e. g. negro,es,hero,es,potato,es,tomato,es.,b.,加,-s,photo photos radio-radios,4),以,辅音字母,y,结尾的名词，变,y,为,i,，再加,es,。,strawberry - strawberr,ies,5),以,元音字母,y,结尾的名词，后面直接加,-s,。,dayday,s,boyboy,s,6),以,f/fe,结尾的词,:,变,f/fe,为,v,再加,-es.,妻子,(,wife,),持,刀,(,knife,),去宰,狼,(,wolf,),，,小偷,(,thief,),吓得发了慌，躲在,架,(,shelf,),后保,己,(,self,),命,(,life,),，,半,(,half,),片,树叶,(,leaf,),遮目光,b.,其余的直接加,-s,7),单复数同形的：,日本,(,Japanese,),绵羊,(,sheep,),中国,(,Chinese,),鱼,(,fish,),瑞士,(,Swiss,),鹿,(,deer,),圆,(,yuan,),角,(jiao,),分,(,fen,),斤,(,jin,),亩,(,mu,),2.,不规则变化 男人女人,a,变,e,，鹅足牙,oo,变,ee,； 老鼠虱子也好记，,ous,变,ic,； 孩子加上,ren.,a-e:,m,a,n-m,e,n wom,a,n-wom,e,n,oo-ee:,g,oo,se-g,ee,se,f,oo,t-f,ee,t t,oo,th-t,ee,th,ous-ic:,m,ous,e-m,ic,e l,ous,e-l,ic,e,child-child,ren,冠词与数词,一,.,冠词,1.,冠词的种类,类别,形式,举例,用法说明,不定,冠词,a,a hero,a useful book,用在发音以,辅音音素,开头的单词或字母前,an,an hour,an old dog,用在发音以,元音音素,开头的单词或字母前,定冠词,the,the house,the apple,用在名词之前，常,表特指,，相当于汉语的“这”或“那”,2.,不定冠词的用法,(a, an),类指用法,用在单数可数名词前，表示泛指某一类人或物,e.g.,It is,a pen.,指量用法,表示“一个”，相当于,one,e.g. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.,用于某些固定搭配中,e.g. as a matter of fact, have a try, a little, a few,3.,定冠词的用法,a.,特指的人、物或上文提到过的人或物,e.g. The man in blue is my father.,This is a pen, and the pen is red.,b.,用在序数词，最高级之前，及表示“年代”的数词和比较级的特殊句型中,e.g. The second one is mine.,in the 1990s,The more, the better.,c.,世上独一无二的事物名词前或由普通名词构成的专有名词,(,国家、组织、机构等,),之前,e.g.,the,sun/ moon/ earth/ Internet/ equator,the,United Nations,the,Peoples Republic of China,d.,西洋乐器及某些公共团体或建筑物等名称前,e.g. play,the,piano/ violin/ guitar,the White House,the Great Wall,e.,用在听说双方都知道的人或事物名词前,e.g. -What color are the book?,-Its blue.,f.,用在某些形容词前，表一类人；用在,姓氏的复数,形式前，指“,一家人”,e.g. the blind/ rich/ poor/ living,the Greens/ Lis,g.,某些固定搭配中或“习惯用法”,e.g. in the end, on the left/ right, in the morning/ afternoon,4.,不用冠词（零冠词）的情况,a.,在专有名词、不可数名词前,b.,在星期、节假日、月份、季节等名词前,除,the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Spring Festival,c.,在球类、棋类及三餐名词前,e.g. play soccer/ basketball/ chess/ cards,have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner,d.,在语言名称、学科名词前,e.g. learn English/ Chinese/ math,e.,名词前有,this, that, these, those,及形容词性物主代词、不定代词,(some, any, each, every),时,e.g.,That,old lady likes those cats.,Her,sister has read every book on the shelf.,Come to see me,any,day,this,week.,f.,与,by,连用的交通工具名词前,g.,一些固定搭配中或“习惯用法”中,e.g. on foot, in danger, in short, on sale,基数词,序数词及缩写,基数词,序数词及缩写,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,first 1,st,second 2,nd,third 3,rd,fourth 4,th,fifth,5,th,sixth 6,th,seventh 7,th,eighth 8,th,ninth 9,th,tenth 10,th,eleventh 11,th,twelfth 12,th,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty,twenty-one,twenty-two,Twenty-three,Twenty-four,Twenty-five,Twenty-six,Twenty-seven,Thirteenth 13,th,Fourteenth 14,th,Fifteenth 15,th,Sixteenth 16,th,Seventeenth 17,th,Eighteenth 18,th,Nineteenth 19,th,Twentieth 20,th,twenty-first 21,st,twenty-second 22,nd,Twenty-third 23,rd,Twenty-fourth 24,th,Twenty-fifth 25,th,Twenty-sixth 26,th,Twenty-seventh 27,th,二,.,数词,基数词,序数词及缩写,twen,ty,thir,ty,for,ty,fif,ty,six,ty,seven,ty,eigh,ty,nine,ty,hundred,thousand,twen,tieth,20,th,thir,tieth,30,th,for,tieth,40,th,fif,tieth,50,th,six,tieth,60,th,seven,tieth,70,th,eigh,tieth,80,th,nine,tieth,90,th,hundredth 100,th,thousandth 1000,th,基变序，有规律，词尾加上,th.,1,，,2,，,3,特殊记，词尾字母,t, d, d,。,8,少,t,，,9,去,e,，,f,来把,v e,替。,整十变,y,为,ie,，,后跟,th,莫迟疑。,若想表示几十几，只变,个位,就可以。,序数词表顺序，前面,定冠词,莫忘记。,使用数词的规则：,10,以下的数用英语数词，,100,以上的数用阿拉伯数字,10-100,之间的数用英语数词或阿拉伯数字均可,数字位于句首时，则多用英语数词,三、表示不定数量的常用词或词组,1.,只修饰可数名词,(a) few, several, hundreds of, a(small/large) number of,2.,只修饰不可数名词,little, a little, much, a great deal of(,大量,),3.,可数、不可数名词均可修饰,all, enough, some, any, more, a lot of, lots of,4.,特殊数字的表示及读法, 小数：基数词加小数点表示，“,.,”读作,point,，其前按数词规则读，其后的数一个一个地读,e.g. 0.3 zero/ naught point three,5.63 five point six three,分数：基数词作分子，序数词作分母；分子大于,1,时，分母序数词都用复数,e.g. a/ one half a/ one quarter(one fourth),3/20 three twentiths,百分数 ：,%,读作,percent,45 % forty-five percent,倍数,一倍,once,，两倍,twice,，三倍,three times,（三倍及以上均由基数词,+ times,来表示）,动词,Be,动词（,is, am, are,）,is,可用在单数代词,单数可数名词,不,可数名词之后,am,只能用在,I,之后,are,用在复数主语（可数名词复,数,和,复数代词）之后,实义,动词与系动词是相对的，系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。,实义动词意思完全，能独立用作谓语,。,第三人称单数,动词,变化规则,1、一般情况下，动词后直接加,s,，,如：works,gets,reads等。,2、以,s，x，ch，sh,或,o,结尾的动词，在后面加,es,，,如：goes,teaches,washes等。,3、以,辅音字母加y,结尾的动词,，,变,y,为,i，再加es,，,如：study-studies,try-tries,carry-carries等。,和名词单数变复数规则相似,4、动词have遇主语是第三人称单数时,，用has,，,如：He has an interesting book .,5、主语是第三人称单数时，be用is,6,、,动词,do,遇主语是第三人称单数时，,do,改为,does,Exercises,fly drink speak,say see play,have do watch,like love go,study run,wish,teach,cry enjoy,fl,ies,drink,s,speak,s,say,s,see,s,play,s,has,does,watch,es,like,s,love,s,go,es,stud,ies,run,s,wish,es,teach,es,cr,ies,enjoy,s,肯定句变否定句,1.,含有,be(is, am, are),或,情态动词,的肯定句变否定句：,直接在,be(is, am, are),或情态动词,后,加,not,。,如句,中有,some,需变为,any,，,and,需变为,or,。,ps:,缩写形式,is not=isnt,are not=arent, am not,没有,缩写形式，但可写成,Im not,.,2.,含有,实义动,词,的肯定句变否定句：,借助,助动词,do,或,does,的否定式,dont,或,doesnt,去,构成否定句，且将,dont,或,doesnt,放于,实义动词,之,前,主语之,后,动词用动词原形,。,如句中有,some,需变为,any,，,and,需变为,or,。,Ps:,主语为,第三人称单数,时用,doesnt,，主语为,其,余,人称时用,dont,.(dont=do not, doesnt=does not),陈述句变一般疑问句,及其简略回答,一般疑问句,含义,以,动词,be, have,或,助动词,、,情态动词,开头，,以,yes,或,no,作回答的问句叫做一般疑问句。,回答时可以用完整的句子回答，但大多数,情况下只需作简略回答。,1.,含有,be(is, am, are),或情态动词的陈述句变一般疑问句：,直接将,be(is, am, are),或情态动词放于句首，,首字母大写,（如果,be,为,am,，则变为,are,，,其余,be(is, are),不变），其余部分按原句顺序写下来。,同时应将,第一人称,变为,第二人称,，,some,变,any,，,句号变问号,。,Summary,含有be的一般,疑问句的简略,回答,肯定回答：Yes,主语+be(is,am,are),.,否定回答：No,主语+be+not.,主语都应,是人称代词主格,I am not=Im not.,are not=arent.,is not=isnt,2.,含有实义动词的陈述句变一般疑问句：,借助助动词,do,或,does,放于,句首,首字母大写,，其余部分按原句顺序写下来。同时应将,第一人称,变为,第二人称,，,some,变,any,，,句号变问号,。,Ps:,主语,为,第三人称单数,时，用,does,；主语为其余人称时，用,do,。,肯定,回答：,Yes, S+do/does.,否定,回答,：,No, S+dont/doesnt.,即,用什么提问，就用什么回答,。,PS:S,(,主语,),必须为人称代词主格,I, we, he, she, it, they,含有实义动词的一般疑问句的肯否定回答,一般疑问句作简略回答时，应将主语第二人称变为相应的第一人称。即:,you,I,you,we,单数,复数,Exercises:,变成一般疑问句, 并作肯定和否定回答,1. He is Mike.,2. She is Mary.,3. I am Ms. Miller.,4. This is a ruler.,Is he Mike?,Is she Mary?,Are you Ms. Miller?,Is this a ruler?,Yes, he is.,No, he isnt.,Yes, she is.,No, she isnt.,Yes, I am.,No, Im not.,Yes, it is.,No, it isnt.,特殊疑问句,1.,特殊疑问句,以,特殊疑问词,开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫,特殊疑问句。,由于疑问词是以,w,或,h,开头，所以又叫作,WH-,疑问句,。,2.,特殊疑问词的形式,特殊疑问代词：,who, what,特殊疑问副词：,when, where, why, how,特殊疑问形容词：,what(which, whose)+,名词,特殊,3.,特殊疑问句的语序,特殊疑问句有两种语序：,a.,如,疑问词,作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是,陈述句,的语序：,Who is singing in the room?,b.,如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其,语序,是：特殊疑问词,+,一般疑问句,【,特殊疑问词,+be/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,谓语,】,What,什么,，问事物,/,名字,/,电话号码,What color,什么颜色,，问颜色,What about,怎么样,，问意见,What day,星期几,，问星,期,e.g. what day is it today,？,What date,什么日期,，问具体日,期,e.g. what date is it today,？,What,time,什么时间,，问具体时间,4.,特殊疑问词,where,（在）哪儿,，问地点,when,什么时候,，问时间,who,谁,，问人,whose,谁的,问主人,which,哪一个,，问选择,why,为什么,，问原因,how,怎么样,，问情况，身体状况,How old,多大,，问年龄,How much,多少（钱）,，问价格或数量（后接不可数名词）,How many,多少,，问数量（后接可数名词）,How about,怎么样,，问意见,注意特殊句式：,Its,a/an+,名词,.,Whats this/ that (in English)?,2.,人称代词主格,+be+,名字,.,（某人的名字是什么。）,whats +,形容词性物主代词,+name,？,对划线部分提问的步骤：,一找,：,找特殊疑问词；,二代：,用特殊疑问词代替划线部分；,三移：,把特殊疑问词移到句首；,四变：,未划线部分变为一般疑问句。,做道题试试吧！,My telephone number is,741-865.,一找,：,对数字进行提问用,what,二代,：,用,what,代替划线部分,三移,：,把,what,放在句首,My telephone number is what.,四变,：,把,My telephone number is,变为一般疑问句,What my telephone number is.,What is your telephone number?,再来一道简单的！,She is,my sister.,一找,：,对人进行提问用,who,二代,：,用,who,代替划线部分,三移,：,把,who,放在句首,She is who.,四变,：,把,she is,变为一般疑问句,Who she is.,Who is she?,再来一道简单的！,This is,a dictionary.,一找,：,对物体进行提问用,what,二代,：,用,what,代替划线部分,三移,：,把,what,放在句首,This is what.,四变,：,把,this is,变为一般疑问句,What this is.,What is this?,Whats this?,再来一道难点的！,The jacket is,red.,一找,：,对颜色进行提问用,what color,二代,：,用,what color,代替划线部分,三移,：,把,what color,放在句首,The jacket is what color.,四变,：,把,the jacket is,变为一般疑问句,What color the jacket is.,What color is the jacket?,再来一道更难的！,The books are,under the bed.,一找,：,对地点进行提问用,where,二代,：,用,where,代替划线部分,三移,：,把,where,放在句首,The books are where.,四变,：,把,the books are,变为一般疑问句,Where the books are.,Where are the books?,Wherere the books?,Exercises:,1 .That is,a bike,.,2. My name is,Li Ping,.,3. She is,Rose,.,4. My pen is,in the bag,.,5. The bike is,black.,6. Hes,fine,.,What,is that?,What,is your name?,Whats,her name?,Where is,your pen?,Wheres,your pen?,What color,is the bike?,How,is he ?,What,s that?,Exercises:,7.,The book is,in the bag,.,8. His name is,Bob,.,9. His last name is,Miller,.,10. My QQ number is,4567.,11. My notebook is,under the chair.,12. The English books are,in the bag,.,What,s,his name?,Whats,his last name,?,Whats,your QQ number?,Wheres,your notebook,?,_ _,the English books,?,Wheres,the book?,Where,are,Exercises,He is,my brother,.,She is,very well,.,Lily wants to buy,a shirt,.,Her name is,Mary,.,She is,Lucy,.,Who is he?,How is she?,What does Lily want to buy?,What is her name?,What is her name?,6.I like,green,.,7.Lisa likes,apples,.,8.These socks are,ten dollars,.,9.There are,five,pears.,10. I am,fine,.,11. My books are,under the chair,.,What color do you like?,What fruit does Lisa like?,How much are these socks?,How many pears are there?,How are you?,Starter Unit 1-3,Good morning,既是问句也是答句,Hi/Hello,How do you do?,Good,afternoon,Good evening,How,I am,are you,?,怎样,？,你,/,你好吗？,西方人常用的一种,礼貌问候,方式，用于对别人就健康发出的问候。,答语,如下：,Thanks/thank you.,fine.,OK.,all right.,very well.,I,m,(And you?),缩写为,:,Fine.,Very well.,Thank you!,谢谢,Sorry!,对不起,Not,at all.,不用谢。,/,没关系。,Thats all right.,不用谢。,/,没关系。,Thats OK.,不用谢。,/,没关系。,Its nothing.,没什么。,/,没关系。,Dont mention it.,不要客气。,Forget it.,忘掉它。,No,problem.,没问题,两者均可用的应答语,只能用于,thank you,的答语：,Its,a pleasure.,不用谢。,You,are welcome.,别客气。,My,pleasure.,我很乐意,。,只能用于,sorry,的答语：,It,doesnt matter.,没关系。,Never,mind.,没关系。,Whats this/that (in English)?,Its a/an+名词.,This/These and that/those,This,是指示代词，意为“这；这个”，指近处或距说话人近的人或事物。复数,These(,这些,),T,hat,意为“那；那个”，指远处或距说话人远的人或事物。复数,Those(,那些,),1. Are those your friends?,2. These are my parents.,3. This is my friend.,4. Is that your sister?,Is that your friend?,That is my parent.,These are my friends.,Are those your sisters?,5. She is my sister.,6.They are my friends.,7.I am a boy.,8. This is a nice picture.,They are my sisters.,She/He is my friend.,We are boys.,These are nice pictures.,冠词a,an,the,不定冠词,a/an,有不确定的意义，即所说的人或事物对听者或读者来说是不知道的，an放在以元音音素开头的可数名词单数之前，a放在以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数之前，可译作该类中的一例、只有一个、每一个等,定冠词,the,有明确的所指，以说话人和听话人已知的人或事物为前提，可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。,Spell 的用法,Can you spell it?,Yes,.-.-.-.,How do you spell it?,Spell it, please.,=Please spell it.,答语用大写字母并用连字符连接,eg. Whats this in English?,Its a key.,How do you spell it?,K-E-Y, key.,当询问某个单词怎么拼写时，将以上三个句子中的it变为相应的单词加上,“”,即可。,例如询问sister怎么拼写。,1.Spell sister, please.,=Please spell sister.,S-I-S-T-E-R, sister.,2.Can you spell sister?,Yes, S-I-S-T-E-R, sister.,3. How do you spell sister?,What color is it?,问颜色,-Its+颜色词.,当颜色词单独使用时，前不,能有冠,词,eg. What color is the ruler?,Its yellow.,当需要问某个物品的颜色时，把it换成“the+名词,”、,“,形容词性物主代词+名词,”、“指示代词,+,名词”,即,可。,eg. What color is your pen?,Its blue.,eg. What color is the book?,Its red.,A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z,A,H J K,B C D,E,G P T V Z,F L M N S X,I,Y,O,Q,U,W,R,ei,e,ai,i,:,ju:,Don,t forget,:,and,熟记,Unit 1My names Gina.,1.,“,很高兴认识你”,Nice to meet you.,Glad to meet you.,Nice to see you.,Glad to see you.,作,答时，在相应的句子后加“., too”,即： Nice,to meet you, too.,Glad,to meet you, too.,Nice,to see you, too.,Glad,to see you, too.,英语国家人名,English name,first,name,last,name,given name,family name,中国人名,Chinese name,名字,姓,last,name,family name,姓,first,name,given name,名字,2.name,3.,问名字,-Whats+,形容词性物主代词,/,名词所有格,+name,？,人称代词主格,+be +xxx.,-,形容词性物主代词,+name is +xxx.,4.,问电话号码,-Whats+,形容词性物主代词,/,名词所有格,+phone (telephone) number?,- Its +,电话号码,.,Summary:,对电话号码、名字提问用,what,。,1.Her name is,Mary,.,2.His name is,Bob,.,3. My name is,Gina,.,对划线部分提问,Whats her name?,Whats his name?,Whats your name?,4,. She is,my sister,.,5,. He is,my cousin,.,6,.They are,my parents,.,7,. He is,Jack,.,Who is she?,Who is he?,Who are they?,Whats his name?,5.Miss, Mrs., Ms., and Mr.,Miss,意为“女士、小姐”，是对未婚女子的称呼，与姓,氏,连,用。还可以用于对女教师的称呼。,Mrs.,意思也是“太太、夫人”，是对已婚妇女的称呼，使,用,时,常与丈夫的姓氏连用。,Ms.,在现代英语中通常代替Miss，可用在已婚或未婚,的,女,士前。,Mr.,(mister)意思是“先生”，通常用于男子的姓名前。,Unit 2 This is my sister.,1.,介绍他人,This/That is ,这（那）是,。,These/ Those are ,这（那）些是,。,2.,询问别人,Who is ?,Who are ?,3.,辨,认某人用句型：,Is this,.,?,这是.吗？,Yes, it is. /No, it isnt.,Is that ?,那是.吗？,Yes, it is. /No, it isnt.,Is he/she ?,他/她是.吗？,Yes, he/she is. /No, he/she isnt.,Are these/those?,这些/那些是.吗？,Yes, they are. No, they arent.,4. family n.,家，家庭,把家庭视为,单一个体,时是,单数,，但指“,家庭所有成员,”时则用,复数,family tree,家谱,I have a happy family.,His family are watching TV.,Here +be+,名词,.,be,的数由后面的名词来确定。,6. Have a good day!,祝你玩得愉快！,=Have a good time!,=Have fun!,7.,短语,my family photo=a photo of my family,一张我的全家福,in the first photo,在第一张照片里,in the next picture,在下一张照片里,Unit 3 Is this your pencil?,important points,1. Excuse me,劳驾，请问，对不起,2.what about=how about .,怎么样,；提,出,意,见或建议，后接,n, pron, v-ing,.,3.thank sb for sth=thanks for sth,因为,某,事,而感谢某人,答语：,You are welcome./Thats OK.,4.help n/v.,帮助,help sb do sth./ help sb with sth.,帮助某,人,做,某事。,5.ask sb for sth.,向某人要某物。,ask for,寻求,6.call n/v.,call sb=give sb a call,给某人打电话,call sb at +phone number.,打,.,找某人,7.e-mail n.,电子邮件,v.,发电子邮件,e-mail sb,给某人发电子邮件,e-mail sb at+,邮件地址,.,发邮件到某人的邮箱,8,.a,set of keys,一串钥,匙,作,主语,是,谓语动词,用,单数形式,e.g,. This is a set of keys.,Here,is a set of keys,.,9.must , can,modal v.,情态动词后接动词原形,10. lost and found,失物招领,lost,（,lose,的过去式）,11. some,一些，后可接,可数名词复数,及,不可数名词,，,一般用于肯定句,，在,否定句和疑问句中要用,any,。,12.,名词性物主代词,=,其对应的形容词性物主代词,+,名词,Unit 4 Wheres my school?,1.,介词短语,介词,+,the/,形容词性物主代词,/,名词所有格,+,名词,in ,在,里面,in+,语言,用,语言,in+,颜色,穿着什么颜色的衣服,表示时间,（,年、月、季节、早晨、下午、晚上,）,表示地点,，用在表示大地方的名词前,in the tree,，表示外来的事物,on ,在,上,表示时间“在具体的某一天”,on the tree,在树上，,表示树上长出来的东西,under,在,下面,behind,在,后面,between,在,之间，,betweenand,in front of,在（外部的）前面,in the front of,在（内部的）前面,over,在,上面,near/next to,在,附近，在,旁边,2.-,Where is +,主语？,-,人称代词主格,+be+,介词短语,.,-,Where are+,主语？,-They are+,介词短语,.,3.,sth. +be+,介词,+,地点名词,.,=there be + sth. +,介词,+,地点名词,.,某物在某地,4.bring+,人,/,物,+,地点,.(,把某人,/,物带到某地来,),take+,人,/,物,+,地点,. (,把某人,/,物带到某地去,),5. need v.,需要,need sth./ sb.,需要某物,/,某人。,need to do sth.,需要做某事。,6. some,“一些，若干”，既可修饰,可数名词复数,，也可修饰,不可数名词,，常用于,肯定句中,，在,疑问句和否定句中用,any,。,7. and,和，且，并,连接两个并列主语，谓语动词用复数形式,连接两个并列谓语,连接两个并列句,连接两个及两个以上的词语，通常把,and,放于最后两个词之间,8.,短语,in their room,在他们的房间,come on,快点,Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?,1.,play+,球类名词单数,，表示“打、踢,球”,play + the +,西洋乐器,“吹、拉、弹,乐器”,play with sb.,与某人一起玩,play sth. with sb.,和某人一起玩某物,2.,let sb. do sth.,让某人做某事,let sb. not do sth.,让某人别做某事,let us=lets,3.sound v.,听起来,It/ That sounds+,形容词,.,听起来,4.It is +adj.(+ for sb.) to do sth.,（对某人来说）做某事是,。,5.interesting adj.,有趣的,sb.+ be interested in + sth.,某人对某事感兴趣。,6.fun adj.,有趣的，令人愉快的；,n.,乐趣，快乐,have fun doing sth.,=have a great/good time doing sth.,做某事很愉快,7. watch v.,观看,watch TV,看电视,watchon TV,通过电视看,8.,短语,go to school,上学,at school,在学校,in the same school,在相同的学校,after class,下课后,after school,放学后,play with,和,一起玩,play sports,参加体育运动或比赛,play computer games,玩电子游戏,Unit 6 Do you like bananas?,1.like v.,喜欢,love v.,喜欢，爱,like/love to do sth.,like/love doing sth.,like/love sth./ sb.,喜欢某物,/,某人,2.,think about,思考,3.How about?=What about?,“,怎么样”，后可接名词、代词（宾格）及,v-ing.,喜欢做某事,4.want v.,想要，需要,want sth / sb.,想要某物,/,需要某人,want to do sth.,想要做某事,want sb. to do sth.,想要某人做某事,5.have/ eat breakfast/ lunch/ dinner,吃早餐,/,午餐,/,晚餐,for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner,就早餐,/,午餐,/,晚餐而言,6.healthy adj.,健康的,healthy food,健康食物,health n.,健康,7. so conj. (,引出评论或问题,),那么,;,因此,;,所以,可以与,because,进行同义句的转换,但两者不能同时应用于一个句子里面,.,8.,短语,&,句子,sports star,体育明星,healthy food,健康食物,eat well,吃得好,eating habits,饮食习惯,For breakfast/ lunch/ dinner,主语,+like(s)+,名词,.,就早餐,/,午餐,/,晚餐而言，某人喜欢什么。,I dont want to be fat.,我不想变胖。,one last question,最后一个问题,What do/does+,主语,+like + for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner,？,某人早餐,/,午餐,/,晚餐喜欢什么？,Unit 7 How much are these socks?,1.,socks, shoes, shorts, trousers, glasses,这类物,品常常成对出现,所以它们,做主语,时,谓语动词用,复数形式。,如果这类词,前,有“,. pair(s) of(,条,/,双,)”,修饰,谓语动词的数就由,pair,决定,。,e.g. These socks,are,mine.,The trousers,are,blue.,This,pair,of shorts,is,$15,Two,pairs,of blue shoes,are,200 dollars.,2.-How much,is,+ the/ this/ that +,单数名词？,-Its+,基数词,+dollar(s)/yuan.,-How much,are,+ the/ these/ those+,复数名词？,-They are +,基数词,+dollar(s)/yuan.,How much + be+?,=Whats the price of+,名词,?,询问价格,how much,“多少”，可用来,询问价格,，也可用来询问,不可数名词的量,how many,“多少”，用来询问,可数名词的数量,3.,购物用语,Can I help you?,=May I help you?,-Yes, please. I need/ want +,名词,.,=What can I do for you?,-I need/ want+,名词,.,买时说：,Ill take/ buy/ get it.,我买了。,Here you are.,给你。,Thank you.,Youre welcome.,4.,几加几等于几，几减几等于几，谓语动词都用,is,5. buy v.,买,buy sb. sth. =buy sth,for,sb.,给某人买某物,buy,from,从某处买某物,6.,sell (v.)- sale(n.),卖,sell sb. sth.= sell sth,to,sb. “,把,卖给,”,for sale,出售，待售,be on sale,廉价出售，待售,7.,clothes “,衣服”，统指（身上的）各种服装。,是复数名词，无单数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。,不能直接与数词连用，可用,these, those, some, many, few,等词修饰。,8.price n.,价格 （复数形式,prices,）,at a very good price. “,以合理的价格,(,出售,)”,at very good prices.,“以合理的的价格,(,出售,),”,at the price of,以,的价格,(,出售,),at a high/ low price,以很高,/,便宜的价格,(,出售,),at,表示“以,的价格”,价格,高,/,低,用,high/low,，不能用,expensive,或,cheap,9.,服装的颜色,“颜色
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