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,高中英语课件,（金戈铁骑 整理制作,）,Unit1GreatScientists,Reading,Scientists:,AlexanderBellelectricity,ThomasEdisontheFirsttelephone,WrightBrotherstheelectricLamp,MadameCurieblackholesinUniverse,FranklinTheoryofGravity,StevenHawkingtheFirstPlane,ElbertEinsteinRadium,IsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativity,Scientists,&,Contributions:,Archimedes,(,阿基米德,),Warmingup:,1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwater,areliftedup,byaforcethathelpsthemfloat?,AncientGreek,(287-212BC),Amathematician,CharlesDarwin,2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?,theOriginofSpecies,Warmingup:,“fatherofmodernbiology”,3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?,ThomasNewcomen,British(1663-1729)He,improved,thefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryin1698and,turneditinto,asteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712.JamesWatt,improved,itstillfurtherinthe1770s,ThomasNewcomen,Warmingup:,GregorMendel,Czech(1822-1884)Hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredity(,遗传学,)andinherited(,继承,承传,)characteristics.Between1856-1863hegrew28,000peaplants.,GregorMendel,4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysical,characteristics,arepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?,Warmingup:,MarieCurie,Warmingup:,5.Whodiscovered,radium,?,6.WhoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyIlargecities?,ThomasEdison,LeonardodaVinci,7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?,Warmingup:,SirHumphryDavy,British(1778-1829)Hedidresearchintodifferentgasesanddiscoveredthemedicinalvalueofnitrous,(,含氮的,),oxide,(,氧化物,),(orlaughinggas)asananaesthetic,(,麻醉剂,).,In1815hedevelopedasafetylampforminers.,HumphryDavy,8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?,Warmingup:,ZhangHeng,Chinese(78-139)Heinventedthefirstseismograph,(,测震仪、地震仪,),toindicateinthedirectionofanearthquake.Itwasintheshapeofacylinder,(,圆筒形,),witheightdragonheadsroundthetop,eachwithaballinitsmouth.,9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?,Warmingup:,seismograph,StephenHawking,British(1942-)Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudiedblackholesinspace.Hehasshownthatblackholesdonotonlyabsorbeverythingaroundthembut,fromtimetotime,throwoutmatteraswell.,10.Who,putforward,atheoryaboutblackholes?,Warmingup:,Pre-reading:,infectious,diseases:,Theycanbespreadtootherpeople.,Theyhaveanunknowncause.,Theyaredifficultto,cure,.,Theyneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem,.,Pre-reading,:,Skimming:,:,Whowasthegreatscientistinthepassageandwhatwasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday?,JohnSnow,cholera,Cholera,:,Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.,Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting(,呕吐,)anddiarrhoea(,腹泻,).,CarefulReading,:,JohnSnowwasandoctorinLondonwhoQueenVictoriaasherpersonal.Hethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopletocholera.Thoughthecauseandtheofitwereunknown,hewantedtoface,theandsolvetheproblem.,para.1,expert,attended,physician,exposed,cure,challenge,CarefulReading,:,Whatwerethetwotheoriesaboutthecauseofcholera?,WhichdidJohnSnowwanttoprove?,Whatwashismethodofdoingtheresearch?,multiplied,victims,absorb,Thesecondone.,Togatherinformationintwoparticularstreets.,para.2&3,CarefulReading,:,para.4,Whatdidhedowiththeresultsofhis,enquiry,?,Whatvaluable,clue,didhegetaboutthecauseofthedisease?,Whatmightbethecause?,Markedonamap,Manyofthedeaths,hadnodeaths.,Itseemedthatthewater,wasto,blame,for,cholera.,ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet.,death,PartofSnowsCholeraMap,CarefulReading,:,para.5,Whydidhetellpeopletoremovethe,handle,fromthe,pump,?,Whathappenedafterthehandlewasremoved?,Sothat,sloweddown,CarefulReading,:,para.6&7,Wheredidthewomanliveandwhatdidshehaddeliveredtoherhouseeveryday?,Whatdidtheirdeathssuggest?,WhatmeasuresdidJohnSnowtaketopreventthediseasefromspreading?,AwayfromBroadStreet,Waterfromthepump,Thepollutedwatercarriedthe,virus,.,suggestedthat,beexamined,were,instruct,ednotto,expose,to,Findthemainideaofeachparagraph:,Thecauses,ofcholera,The,correct,or,possible,theory,Collectdata,onthosewherepeoplewereillanddiedandwheretheygottheirwater,Plot,informationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie,Analysethewater,toseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.,Findotherevidencestoconfirm,hisconclusion,Thepolluteddirtysourceofdrinkingwater,wastoblameforthecauseoftheLondoncholera.,CarefulReading,:,drawaconclusion,Thinkofamethod,Collectresults,Makeaquestion,Findaproblem,Analyse,theresults,Findsupportingevidence,Stagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea:,Dicussing,Readthetextandlearnthenewwordsbyheart,FindmoreinformationaboutcholeraandJohnSnowontheInternet.,Homework,:,
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