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,栏目索引,网络清单,考点清单,专题三 形容词和副词,高考英语（课标专用）,网络清单,一、形容词的基本用法,考点一形容词、副词的基本用法,考点清单,功能,例句,定语,前置定语,These are,valuable,suggestions.这些是宝贵的建议。,后置定语,He is the happiest person,alive.,他是世上最快乐的人。(表语形容词作后置定语),Do you have anything,important,to tell me?你有重要的事情要告诉我吗?(形容词修饰复合,不定代词,作后置定语),This is a book,suitable for children.,这是一本适合孩子们的书。(形容词短语作后置定语),表语,His suggestions are very,valuable,.他的建议很有价值。,宾补,I consider his suggestion very,valuable.,我认为他的建议很有价值。,状语,He returned home,safe and sound.,他回到了家,安然无恙。(结果状语),He is standing there,full of fear,.他站在那里,充满了恐惧。(伴随状语),二、副词的基本用法,1.副词的句法功能,2.频度副词及enough作状语的位置,题组训练,用所给词的适当形式填空,A career in law is becoming increasingly,attractive,(attract) to,young people.,The book provides,valuable,(value) information on recent trends.,I,m,truly,(true) sorry that things had to end like this.,We are all,entirely,(entire) responsible for our actions.,There have been some problems but,basically,(basic) it,s a good,system.,考点二形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则,一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则,1.规则变化,注意:,词尾为“元音字母+-y”时,y不变,直接加 -er或 -est。,有少数几个双音节词以及以 -er及 -le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和,最高级形式。,commoncommoner/more commoncommonest/most common,clevercleverer/more clevercleverest/most clever,simplesimpler/more simplesimplest/most simple,在形容词原级之前加less,least而构成的比较级与最高级称为“较低,级”与“最低级”形式。,kindless kindleast kind,usefulless usefulleast useful,一些复合形容词的比较等级,well-knownbetter-knownbest-known,有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,故没有比较,级和最高级。如:right正确的,wrong错误的,excellent 最好的,final最后,的,last最后的,possible可能的,first第一的,east东方的,empty空的,wooden,木制的,impossible不可能的。,题组训练,用所给词的适当形式填空,The more he talked, the,angrier,(angry) he became.,This film is,more interesting,(interest) than any other one that I have,ever seen.,He was advised to smoke fewer cigarettes and drink,less,(little),beer.,二、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则,1.规则变化:与形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则相同。,2.不规则变化,一、构成形容词的常见后缀,1.名词+-al/-ual,culturecultural文化的,agricultureagricultural农业的,naturenatural自然的,physicsphysical物理学的,身体的,物质的,musicmusical音乐的,practicepractical实际的,实用的,nationnational国家的,techniquetechnical技术的,industryindustrial工业的,考点三形容词、副词构词法,actactual实际的,2.名词+-ic,electronelectronic电子的,basebasic基础的,atomatomic原子的,energyenergetic精力充沛的,sciencescientific科学的,3.名词+-ish,foolfoolish愚蠢的,childchildish幼稚的,womanwomanish女人气的,娘娘腔的,4.名词+-ful,carecareful仔细的,powerpowerful强大的,teartearful充满泪水的,beautybeautiful美丽的,hopehopeful充满希望的,wonderwonderful精彩的,绝妙的,harmharmful有害的,useuseful有用的,frightfrightful可怕的,5.名词+-less,carecareless粗心的,hopehopeless无希望的,useuseless无用的,homehomeless无家可归的,wirewireless无线的,endendless无休止的,selfselfless无私的,valuevalueless微不足道的,6.名词+-ary,revolutionrevolutionary革命的,elementelementary基本的,初级的,7.名词+-en,woodwooden木制的,goldgolden金色的,woolwoolen羊毛的,8.名词+-ern,easteastern东方的,westwestern西方的,9.名词+-y,sunsunny晴朗的,funfunny有趣的,cloudcloudy多云的,shineshiny有光泽的,光亮的,windwindy多风的,rainrainy多雨的,lucklucky幸运的,saltsalty咸的,hillhilly多小山的,healthhealthy健康的,sleepsleepy困的,mudmuddy泥泞的,wealthwealthy富有的,noisenoisy嘈杂的,10.名词+-ous,dangerdangerous危险的,famefamous著名的,envyenvious羡慕的;妒忌的,nervenervous紧张的,poisonpoisonous有毒的,mountainmountainous多山的,humorhumorous幽默的,11.动词+-ive,actactive积极的,expenseexpensive昂贵的,impressimpressive印象深刻的,talktalkative健谈的,comparecomparative比较的,relaterelative有联系的,12.动词+-ed,exciteexcited感到激动的,learnlearned有知识的,tiretired疲劳的,surprisesurprised感到奇怪的,13.动词+-ing,interestinteresting有趣的,movemoving动人的,14.名词/动词+-able/-ible,valuevaluable有价值的,reasonreasonable有道理的,comfortcomfortable舒服的,countcountable可数的,enjoyenjoyable令人愉快的,horrorhorrible可怕的,terrorterrible可怕的,15.名词/动词+-some,troubletroublesome令人烦恼的,讨厌的,tiretiresome烦人的,16.名词/动词+-ant/-ent,pleasepleasant令人高兴的,differencedifferent不同的,insistinsistent坚持的,distancedistant遥远的,convenienceconvenient方便的,二、形容词+-ly构成副词的规则,情况,构成,例词,一般情况,加-ly,quickquickly,bravebravely,immediateimmediately,以辅音字母+-y结尾,将y改为i再加-ly,easyeasilyhappyhappily,heavyheavilybusybusily,以-le结尾,去e加-y,simplesimply,gentlegently,以元音字母+-e结尾,去e加-ly,truetruly,以-ll结尾,只加-y,fullfullydulldully,以-ic结尾,加-ally,basicbasically,scientificscientifically,温馨提示,1.注意以下形容词变副词的拼写,wholewholly 完全地shyshyly害羞地,drydryly/drily干燥地goodwell 好地,2.注意以-ly结尾的形容词,friendly友好的lovely 可爱的,lively充满活力的lonely 孤独的,deadly致命的monthly每月的,yearly每年的daily每日的,weekly每周的,题组训练,用所给词的适当形式填空,Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be,equally,(equal) respected.,The numbers are,particularly,(particular) high in Beijing, Shanghai,and Guangzhou.,考点四易混形容词、副词的用法,1.表示不定数量的常用表达与名词的搭配关系,题组训练,单句改错,Many a glad day have come in my life.,havehas,There is a plenty of evidence of poverty.,去掉a,You can take as much books as possible.,muchmany,题组训练,用ago, before填空,I was asked to make a speech a month,ago,.,I called him up last night, but his mother told me he had left for Wuhan,two days,before,.,Have you seen this film,before,?,题组训练,用possible, probable, likely填空,Studies show that people are more,likely,to suffer from back prob-,lems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.,It is very late. I will come back as soon as,possible,.,It is,likely/possible/probable,that they will meet with some opposi-,tion.,题组训练,用 ever, once填空,Have you,ever,been to Beijing?,I,once,lived in Beijing.,题组训练,用 latter,later,late,lately,latest填空,He is often,late,for school,lately, and nobody knows the reason.,A month,later, he handed in the,latter,part of his essay.,Sara has all the,latest,pop records.,题组训练,用either,too,also,as well 填空,He speaks English and Spanish,as well,.,He,also,speaks Spanish.,He speaks Spanish,too,.,I don,t like the red shirt and I don,t like the green one,either,.,7.nearly,almost,hardly,(1)almost 可以与any,no,nobody,never,nothing搭配,但nearly 却不能跟这,些词搭配。在表达中也经常用hardly any,hardly anybody 来代替almost,no,almost nobody。,Almost nobody,came to the party.=,Hardly anybody,came to the party.,几乎没人来参加这个聚会。,You can find the meaning of,almost any,word here.,在这里你可以找到几乎任何一个词的意思。,(2)否定词not 可放在nearly 之前,构成not nearly结构,意为“一点儿也不,相差甚远”,但没有not almost结构。,She is,not nearly,as pretty as her sister.,她一点儿也没有她妹妹漂亮。,(3)almost 和nearly 都可用于修饰具有极端之意的形容词,但不能用于修,饰不具有极端之意的形容词。,That is a(n),almost/nearly,perfect plan.,那几乎是一个完美的计划。,Almost,none of us could solve the math problem, for it is too diffi-,cult.,I must be getting fatI can,hardly,do my trousers up.,There isn,t,nearly,enough time to learn all these words.,题组训练,用nearly,almost,hardly填空,注意:对于so,such的相近用法见专题六中的结果状语从句。,
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