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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Lesson 133,Sensational news!,reporter,n.记者,report：v.报道，报告：,Itsreportedthat3peoplediedinthatcrime.,据报道有3人在犯罪中死亡。,Ireportedthethefttothepolice.揭露,我向警察揭露盗窃事件,sensational,adj., 令人兴奋的；轰动性的,The discovery was sensational.,那个发现引起了轰动。,(,贬,),耸人听闻的；企图追求轰动效应的,The sensational news report didnt have much effect on them.,那起耸人听闻的新闻报导对他们并无多大影响。,(,口,),非常好；给人深刻印象的,She looks sensational in that dress!,她穿那条裙子的样子真令人难忘！,wonder, v. 感到好奇；想要知道,I wonder why he hasnt come.,我很想知道他为什么没来。,I was wondering if I could borrow your bicycle.,I wonder why. 我想知道为什么。, v. 感到惊讶或惊讶,She wonders at his rudeness.,她对他的无礼感到惊讶。,I shouldnt wonder if she is elected.,如果她中选，我不会感到惊奇。,retire,：,v.,退休,retiredfrom:,从,上退休,Mydadretiredfromhiscompanylastmonth.,adj.retired,退休的,retiredworkers,退休工人,LISTEN TO MP3,1Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh 您刚拍完一部电影吗，马什小姐？,make 可表示“作出某种举动，其意义根据宾语而定。本句中的make可理解为“拍摄。,2make another,再拍一部。 之后省略了film。,3by our reporter = reported/written by our reporter。,4. I wonder why！= I wonder why she is not going to make another film.,1wonder = want to know 想知道；表示疑虑,2wonder 后可以跟 why/what/who/where/when/how 等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。,Grammar in use,需改变时态的间接陈述句,间接引语里常要改变时态，这是因为原来讲的话与转述这些话之间有一段间隔。选择哪种恰当的形式取决于转述者的着眼点。在间接引语里通常并不确切地重复讲话者说过的话。转述通常发生在过去，所以引述动词通常是过去时。因此，转述时从句的时态通常要“往回移back shift。一条普遍的规那么是：现在时变为过去时，过去时变为过去完成时。为过去时的情态助动词和过去完成时在转述时不变，因为不可能再往回移了。,使用间接引语主要是为了简洁、紧凑地把说话内容转述给第3者。请看下面直接引语变成间接引语时在时态等方面必须作出的相应变化：,1一般现在时改为一般过去时：,Im thirsty,she said.,She said (that) she was thirsty. 她说她渴了。,2现在进展时改为过去进展时：,Im having a rest, she told them.,She told them (that) she was having a rest.,她告诉他们说她当时正在休息。,3现在完成时改成过去完成时：,Ive just made a new film, she told me.,She told me(that) she had just made a new film.,她告诉我说她刚完成一部新影片。,4一般将来时改成过去将来时一般用would +动词原形：,Ill have to ask my husband,she said.,She said (that) she would have to ask her husband.,她说她将得去问问她丈夫。,5情态动词由现在时改成过去时或条件时态：,I can see you tomorrow,she said.,She said (that) she could see me the next day.,她说她下一天可以见我。,Ill help you,she said.,She said (that) she would help me.,她说她将帮助我。,I may return at six oclock, she told me.,She told me (that) she might return at six oclock.,她告诉我说她可能6点钟回来。,6为过去时或条件时态的情态助动词不变：,I could see you tomorrow,she said.,She said (that) she could see me the next day.,她说她第2天会见我。,I would complain if I were you,she told me.,She told me (that) she would complain if she were me.,她告诉我说，假设她是我的话她就会抱怨的。,直接引语变间接引语,Direct speech and Indirect speech,人称的变化,一,随,主,二随宾,三,不,变,引号内的第一人,称变间引后与主,句主语的人称保,持一致,引号内的第二人,称变间引后与主,句宾语的人称保,持一致,引号内的第三人,称在变间引后去人,称不变,She said,“ I like,Tennis.,She said that she,liked tennis,He said to Lily,“ you must get,up early,He told Lily that,she must get up,early,She said to me ,“ They want to,help him,She told me that,That they wanted,help him,一随主，二随宾，三不变,直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话,.,直接引语的前后必须加引号,。,间接引语： 转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句,直接引语与间接引语的定义,2),时态的变化,He says, I will do it tomorrow,He says that he will do it tomorrow.,如果主句的谓语动词是,现在时,，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化,如果主句的谓语动词是,一般过去时,，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进展时,过去进展时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去完成时,不变,一般将来时,过去将来时,直接引语转为间接引语时，以下情况下时态不变,注意：,.直接引语假设表示的是客观事实或真理时，,变间接引语时时态不变,.当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间,时，谓语动词时态不需改变,直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：,1直接引语为陈述句,2直接引语为疑问句一般疑问句、特殊疑问句,3直接引语为祈使句,e.g. He often says,“China is great., He often says (that) China is great.,Tom says,“I am a student., Tom says (that) he is a student.,He says,“I leave my book in your room,He said (that) he left his,book in your room.,陈述句,:,连词,(,that,),引导,，,that,常省略,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation,He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.,He said, “You are interested in English, arent you,He asked whether I was interested in English.,用连词,whether,或,if,引导，原主句中谓语动词,say,要改为,ask,，语序要变为,陈述语序,“Do you know my name,She,asked me,I knew,her name.,Whether / if,是否,“Do you like English,She,asked me,I liked English.,Whether / if,“Are you at home yesterday,She,asked me,I was at home,the day before,.,Whether / if,“Are you ready,She,asked me,I was ready.,Whether / if,“Can you help me,She,asked me,I could help her.,Whether / if,直接变间语中，要注意情太动词的变化,can could,cant couldnt,will would,may might,wont wouldnt,going to would,He asked, “Do you speak English or French,He asked me whether I spoke English or French.,I asked, “Will you take bus or take train,I asked whether I would take bus or take train.,“Is he all rightThey cried out.,They cried out whether he was all right.,注意：,大多数情况下，,if ,whether,可以互换，但句中出现,or (not),或放在介词后作连接词，,只用,whether,。,特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name,He asked me what my name was.,He asked us, “How many cinemas have been built in your country,He asked us how many cinemas had been built in our country.,保存特殊疑问词做为连接词,语序改为陈述句语序,“What are you doing,She,asked me,I was doing.,what,“Why do you like English,He,asked me,I liked English,why,“Where does he live,She,asked me,he live,d,.,where,“How does she go to school,She,asked me,She went to school.,how,直接引语是祈使句，那么改为,tell/order/ask sb. (not) to do sth.,其他变化同上。,祈使句,He said, “Please come here tomorrow.,The teacher said, “Dont talk any more.,He asked me to go there the next day.,The teacher told us not to talk any more.,直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：,直接引语中动词,come,在间接引语中用,go,:,直接引语中副词,here,在间接引语中用,there,：,直接引语中的指示代词转换规那么：,this变为that;,these变为those,本来就是that/those那么不变。,Practice:,1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.,He said _brother had failed in the exam.,2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now,he asked Mary how _mother was then.,3)My teacher said, she is a good student. ,My teacher said _was a good student,4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book in your room,He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.,his,her,she,he,her,my,He says,“Is Tom a student or a teacher？, He asks whether Tom is a student or a teacher.,He asked me, Do you like playing football“, He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.,My sister asked me : “ What is your friend,My sister asked me what my friend was.,Jack asked me, How do you like the film,Jack asked me how I liked the film.,The solider ordered,“Be quiet., The solider ordered us to be quiet.,He said to her,“Open the door, please.,He asked her to open the door.,She says,“I will go to Beijing next month.,She says (that) she will go to Beijing the next month.,He often says “ I shall tell you about them.,He often says that he will tell me about them.,1.“ I am ill today. said my mother.,My mother,said,that she,ill that day.,2.“We work hard at English. he said.,was,He said that they,hard at English.,worked,1.They said to me, “We are working hard at a company.,They,told,me that they,at a company.,were working,2.“I am writing a letter now.she said.,She said that she,a letter then.,was writing,Practice :,. John said, “I like reading adventure stories. ,John said that he _ reading adventure stories.,. She said to me, “I broke your CD player. ,She told me that she _ my CD player.,. He said, “Ill come here this morning.,He said he_ go there that morning,. He says, “I have finished my homework.,He says that he his homework.,. He said, “they are playing games over there,He said that they_ playing games over there.,liked,had broken,would,had finished,were,1.Our teacher said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.,Our teacher,said,that light _,much faster than sound.,travels,2.“I graduated in 1966.My brother said.,My brother,said,that he,in 1966.,graduated,1.The teacher said to the students, “The earth is,round.,2. My father said to me, “I was born in 1961.,The teacher told the students that the earth,is,round.,My father told me that he,was,born,in 1961,.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.,Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.,We told her that _ through the street _.,A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen,D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.,Mr Black said that _ a long way _.,I had walkedthat week,he had walkedthat week,I walkedlast week,he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.,The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ,They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago,Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ,She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays,Jack asked her where _ holidays.,she spent her,B. you spend your,C. she spend her,D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet,Black asked me why _ yet.,I hadnt left there,B. I havent left here,C. hadnt I left there,D. havent I left here,10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ,The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east.,A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise,
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