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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Contemporary College English Intensive reading,By Mandy,The arrangement and assignment of new semester,Lessons (7),Reading vocabulary and text,Vocabulary, writing and recitation,Presentation,What makes up the termgrade,Attendance (30%),Performance on (40%),Text Reading,Quiz,Volunteering answers,After-class (30%),Writing (20,),Recitation(10,),Lesson 1 Thinking as a Hobby,By William Golding,Warm-up,What are the three nevers of your life,In a dish of red, yellow, and green M&Ms candy, all but four are red, all but four are yellow, and all but four are green. How many M&Ms are in the dish all together,A man went to a party and drank some of the punch. He then left early. Everyone else at the party who drank the punch subsequently died of poisoning. Why did the man not die,Can you cry under water,Thinking,Quotations on thinking,“Intelligence is something we are born with. Thinking is a skill that must be learned.,Edward de Bono,“We think too small. Like the frog at the bottom of the well. He thinks the sky is only as big as the top of the well. If he surfaced, he would have an entirely different view.,Mao Zedong,“What is the hardest task in the world To think.,Ralph Waldo Emerson,William Golding,William Gerald Golding, b. Cornwall, Sept. 19, 1911 d. 1993, is a prominent English novelist, an essayist and poet, and winner of the 1983 Nobel Prize for literature. Goldings often allegorical fiction makes broad use of allusions to classical literature, mythology, and Christian symbolism. Although no distinct thread unites his novels and his technique varies, Golding deals principally with evil and emerges with what has been characterized as a kind of dark optimism.,Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel by Nobel Prize-winning author William Golding. It discusses how culture created by man fails, using as an example a group of British schoolboys stuck on a deserted island who try to govern themselves, but with disastrous results.,The title is said to be a reference to the Hebrew name of Beelzebub ( , Baal-zvuv, “god of the fly, “host of the fly, or literally “Lord of Flies), a name sometimes used as a synonym for Satan.3 The title of the book, in turn, has itself become a metaphor for a power struggle in a chaotic situation.,Thinking as a Hobby,(Page 12, Question 2),1. Why do you think the author wrote this essay To describe his troubled childhood To.,Text analysis,Please describe the following pictures in detail and depict their symbolic meaning in your own words.,Statue of Venus,an ancient Greek statue and one of the most famous works of ancient Greek sculpture. Created at some time between 130 and 100 BCE, it is believed to depict Aphrodite (Venus to the Romans) the Greek goddess of love and beauty.,Venus: the goddess of love and beauty,The Birth of Venus, by Sandro Botticelli c. 14851486.,The Thinker,The Thinker (French: Le Penseur) is a bronze and marble sculpture by Auguste Rodin held in the Muse Rodin in Paris. It depicts a man in,sober,meditation,battling with a powerful internal struggle.,Rodin based his theme on The,Divine Comedy of Dante,. The sculpture is nude, as Rodin wanted a heroic figure in the tradition of Michelangelo, to represent intellect as well as poetry.,Leopard,The symbol of Nature,Now compare your answer with that of the author, and try to find their symbolic meanings in the boys eyes.,Scan the text and list out the related information.,Venus,Leopard,Rodins Thinker,naked with nothing but a bath towel; no arms; in an unfortunate position,crouching; naked,naked, muscular, who sat, looking down; his chin on his fist and elbow on his knee,frozen in panic, worrying about the towel,busying being beautiful,ready to spring down at the top drawer from the cupboard,utterly miserable; contemplate the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloom,busy being natural,not miserable, an image of pure thought,What do the three statuettes symbolize,Venus stood for love.,Leopard stood for all animal needs or desires.,The Thinker stood for thinking as a uniquely human feature.,Structure of the Text,Part 1: para.1-24 about:,How the subject of thinking was first brought up to the author and his understanding of the nature of “grade-three thinking,Part 2: para.25-29 about:,The authors analysis of the nature of “grade-two thinking,Part 3: para. 30-35 about:,The authors understanding of the “grade-one thinking and his desire for it,Questions on the text,Please summarize the characteristics of the three grades of thinking.,What does the author mean when he say “ I dropped my hobby and turned professional,Part 1: para.1-24,Questions about part one,1.Can you explain the symbolization of the three statuettes,They represented the whole of life. The leopard stood for all animal needs or desires; Venus stood for love and the Thinker stood for thinking as a,uniquely,human feature.,2.What effect do the boys descriptions have,An humorous and sarcastic effect has been achieved by the authors description of the statuettes, which established a background to support his later analysis of three grades of thinking and some human natures.,3.How did the author describe himself and the headmaster in his grammar school,Headmaster,:,nothing human in his eyes, no possibility of communication (not understand his students),Me, the boy,:,delinquent, not integrated, misunderstanding the symbolic meaning of the statuettes, couldn,t think,4.Why did the headmaster put the three statuettes together in front of me,From the,conversation,between the headmaster and me, we knew that he wanted to make me think.,5.Are all the three statuettes related to thinkingif not, what does the headmasters behavior mean to you,No. Leapord stands for need and desire, Venus represents love, and thinker is the only one which is related to thinking. Therefore, all the headmaster did show that he is ignorant of thinking at all.,6.Did the school headmaster succeed in making the boy think What did the boy decide to do eventually,No.He decided to watch his teachers to find out about thought.,nothing but,One was a lady wearing,nothing but,a bath towel.,(para.2),Nothing but:,only, merely,Examples:,Dont have him for a friend: hes,nothing but,a coward.,He had,nothing,for supper,but,a little piece of cheese.,Nothing but,roses meets the eye.,nothing phrases,nothing doing,nothing if not,nothing like,nothing less than,nothing more than,nothing much,nothing of the kind,不行，办不到口语,极其，极端,没有什么能比得上,不亚于，完全强调其多、其大,仅仅，只不过强调其少、其小,非常少，没什么,哪里，不行,Why does the author begin by describing the three statuettes in his school headmasters office,Skim para. 1-3,She seemed frozen in an eternal panic,lest,the both towel slip down any,further,; and since she had no arms, she was in an unfortunate,position,to pull the towel up again. (2),lest,for fear that; to make sure that sth. would not happen. (fml),e.g.: I did not tell my father about the exam result lest he (should) get mad at me.,Be inposition to do sth.,to be able to do sth because or have ability, power or money to do it,e.g. I am not in a position to lend you money.,Further/,farther,farther&further,farther,:,physical distance.,e.g The next village turned out to be much farther than we had thought,.,further,:,degree,time and all other figurative uses.,e.g. We will discuss it further tomorrow,.,naked,A,naked,man, muscular gentleman, who sat, looking down, with his chin on his fist and his elbow on his knee.,(para.2),v+ed as modifier:,A naked man, A learned professor, the wretched life,;,Our beloved country, My aged parents,I was not integrated, I was, if anything, disintegrated.,(Para. 4),Forming a part of a harmonious group,on the contrary,The direct opposite of “integrated, and therefore means some kind of trouble maker. This is not the the way the word is normally used.,Breaking a window,Failing to remember law of conservation of mass,Being late for school,I had broken the window because I had tried to hit Jack Arney with a cricket ball and missed him.,I could not remember Boyles Law because I had never bothered to learn it.,I was late for school because I preferred looking over the bridge into the river.,Q: What kind of a child was the author,The muscular gentleman contemplated the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloom. (9),To think for a long time in order to understand better in a gloomy manner,Note the way that the author appreciates the statuette.,The author expressed the boys viewing of the image of Thinker in a humorous way to show that the thinking doesnt make any sense to him.,Does the statuette make any sense to the author,His spectacles,caught the light,so that you could see,nothing,human,behind them. There was,no,possibility,of communication. (Para. 9),The teachers glasses caught the light and therefore the boy could not see the teachers eyes. He could not have any eye contact. He could have any communication with him. The implied meaning of this sentence is that they could not communicate, not because of this but because of the teachers lack of understanding of the boy.,What does the sentence imply,On one occasion he headmaster leaped to his feet, reached up and put Rodins masterpiece on the desk before me. (Para. 13),To jump up,To move a hand or arm upward in order to touch, hold, or pick up sth. Also: to reach sth. down; to reach out (for); to reach into,to leap to ones feet,to rise to ones feet,to struggle to ones feet,to stagger to ones feet,to help sb. to ones feet,to pull sb. to his feet,一跃而起,站起身来,挣扎着站起来,蹒跚而立,扶某人站起来,把某人拉起来,to ones feet,站起来,on occasion,Please translate the following sentences:,He talked about his his work,on,every,occasion,.,She was invited to the Masters room,on,several,occasions,.,On,occasion, we feel like celebrating and have a party.,On,one,occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.,总是，不管什么时候,有几次,有时，遇必要时,曾经，有一次,Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out. (Para. 15),to endow sb. with sth.,To provide sb. with a natural quality or talent,Article 1.,All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are,endowed with,reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood,paraphrase: Everybody, except me, are born with the ability to think.,Part,One,(para16-24,),Question,1.Whom did the author describe to demonstrate his analyses of grade-threee thinking,Mr. Houghton:,ruined by alcohol, preaching high-moral life but showing hypocritical and prejudiced nature.,Mr.Houghton and a pious laday.,2.Whats the problem with Mr.Houghton Why does the author tell those funny stores about Mr.Houghton,3.What did he learn from Mr.Houghton about thought,The characteristics of the three grades of thinking,Grade-three,characteristics,examples,Ignorance, hypocrisy, prejudice, self-satisfied, contradictions,Mr. Houghton,Ruth,nine tens of people,thinking,Question,I viewed grade-three thinkers with comtempt and mockery.,4.What was my attitude towards grade-three thinkers before,5.Whats my attitude nowWhy Do you think that I really have the respect for the majority,Para24,Para.16-22: about Mr. Houghton,An obvious alcoholic (para. 16),Does not like outdoor life. (para. 16),Always attracted by girls. (para. 20),Does not like the Americans and the French. (para. 21),Has contradiction between his high moral tone and his doings. (summary),Can you give a brief character sketch of Mr. Houghton,Or was here more sense in drinking than there appeared to be But if not, and if drinking were in fact ruinous to health-and Mr. Houghton was ruined, there was no doubt about that-why was he always talking about the clean life and the virtues of fresh air (16),There+be,There seems to be,There are supposed to be.,There was said to be,There were believed to be,There are likely to be,There are bound to be.,A life without vices or moral sins,The advantages of fresh air,You could hear the wind,trapped in his chest,and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there,useless for the rest of the morning.,(Para. 19),V-ed and V-ing as object complement,The fresh air had to struggle with difficulty to find its way to his chest because he was unaccustomed to this.,Unable to do anything for the rest of the morning,Mr. Houghton thought with his neck. (22),Why does the author talk so much about Mr. Houghtons neck,Does he adore Mr. Houghton,What did he learn from Mr. Houghton about thinking,Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life, sexless and full of duty. (Para. 20),Be given to,To be habitually inclined to do sth.,He is much given to blowing his own trumpet.,She was given to hasty decision.,Obviously in Mr. Houghtons clean life, there is no place for alcoholic drink, sex, and other worldly pleasures. This is, of course, ironical.,Yet in the middle of these monologues, if a girl passed the window, his neck would,turn of itself,and he would,watch her out of sight,. In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by,an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck,.,(Para. 20),To turn by itself; to turn on its,own,Parallel structure of two prepositional phrases to show the,contrast,The author here is not laughing at the teachers interest in girls, rather,he is ridiculing the contradiction between his high moral tone and the working of his genes which compels him to turn his head toward young girls.,to watch sb until she is out of sight,Try to summarize the characteristics of Grade Three Thinker.,What does the author think of grade-three thinkers,Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmens golf, as honest as most politicians intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written. (Para. 23),orderly, logical, and consistent relation of parts,This ironical sentence shows that the author not only considers those people incompetent, dishonest and incoherent, but also despises most businessmen, distrust most politicians and dislikes most publications.,I delighted to confront a pious lady who hated the Germans with the proposition that we should love our enemies. (24),What great truth did the author say he had learned from the lady,inconsistency,They have immense solidarity. We had better respect them, because we are,outnumbered,and surrounded. (24),Does the author respect Grade-three thinkers,What is he really driving at,confront sb with sth:to oppose sb defiantly,I no longer dismiss lightly a mental process. (Para. 24),I no longer consider the way grade-three thinkers think unimportant because they account for nine-tenths of the people and therefore have great power. Now I know that ignorance, prejudice and hypocrisy are very powerful enemies.,A crowd of grade-three thinkers, all shouting the same thing, all warming their hand at the fire of their own prejudices Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill. (Para. 24),Paraphrase,All feeling very content and happy because they share the same prejudices.,The author thinks that it is probably human nature to enjoy agreement because it seems to bring peace, security, comfort and harmony.,Part 2: para.25-29,Question,1.What definition does the author give to grade-two thinkers What is a typical grade-two thinker like,I gain moments of delight.,What specific examples does he give to show that grade-two thinkers has given him moments of delight,1.General analysis of part twoPara25-29),Para,25,.,2.What is the advantage of being a grade-two thinker,The characteristics of the three grades of thinking,Grade-three,Grade-two,characteristics,examples,Ignorance, hypocrisy, prejudice, self-satisfied, contradictions,Mr. Houghton,Ruth,nine tens of people,Detecting contradictions; do not stampede easily; lag behind, a withdrawal, destroy but not create,the author, (maybe) some acquaintances,thinking,Grade-two thinkers do not,stampede,easily, though often they,fall,into,the,other,fault,and lag behind. Grade-two thinking is a,withdrawal,with eyes and ears open. It destroys without having the power to create. (Para. 25),To stampede:,to get easily frightend and run with the crowd.,To fall into the other fault:,to go to the other extreme, that is, to act too slowly and lag behind.,Withdrawal:,detachment from some emotional involvement; refusing to be part of the crowd.,Paraphrase the words in red,lag behind,To fail to keep up a pace; to stagger,当我们散步时，老人和小孩往往被落在后头。,The elder people and children always lag behind,when we go for a walk.,他暗暗惊讶于自己在思想和行动上有如此大的差距,He wondered secretly at how great a lag there was between his thinking and his actions.,It set me,watching,the crowds,cheering,His Majesty the King and,asking,myself what all the fuss was about, without giving me anything positive to put in the place of that heady patriotism. But there were compensations. (Para.25),object complement,It made me watch people shouting in joy and support of the King and wonder what this senseless excitement was all about although I did not have anything good to replace this exciting or intoxicating patriotism. But I did get something out of it.,paraphrase,To hear people justify their habit of hunting foxes by claiming that the foxes liked it.,To hear our Prime Minister talk about the great benefit we,conferred on,India by jailing people like Nehru and Gandhi.,To hear American politicians talk about peace and refuse to join the League of Nations. (25),fox-hunting,Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase, and sometimes killing of a fox, traditionally a red fox. It originated in its current form in the United Kingdom in the 16th century, but is practised all over the world,Ganhdi,Mehru,Famous leading figures in the Indian Independence Movement,confer sth to sb:(fml)to offer or give sth to sb,(5)She claimed that the Bible was,literally,inspired,. I countered by saying that the Catholics believed in the literal inspiration of,Saint Jerome,s,Vulga,te,and the two books were different. Argument,flagged,. (Para. 26),The Latin translation of the Bible, used in a revised form as the Roman Catholic authorized version,A true historical record,to become dull,“Both Methodists and Catholics believed that their Books are a true record of the Gods divine plan. The author used this example to defy Ruths illogical opinion, therefore the argument became dull because Ruth didnt know how to respond to it.,Please retell the story about how the author lost his girlfriend.,I slid my arm around her waist and murmured that if we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. She fled. The combination of me arm and those countless Buddhists was too much for her. (Para. 27),paraphrase,For (ones) money,according to ones opinion, choice, or preference,e.g.:,For my money, its not worth the trouble.,Try to translate these sentences.,I wouldnt give him my dog,for love or money,.,After years of struggle and dependence, air transportation is,in the money,.,Dicks uncle died and left him,money to burn.,It is a bit expensive, but you get,your moneys worth.,to,put money on,outcome of a race,无论如何，不管以任何代价,非常有钱，有利可图,大量的钱,花钱值得,为,打赌,I was given the third degree to find out what had happened. I lost Ruth and gained an undeserved reputation as a potential libertine.,(Para. 28),To be severely questioned or interrogated,The author lost his girlfriend and won a bad name even as a grade-two thinker, satisfying himself by finding out deficiencies but not seeking for the truth.,No
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