水质富营养化

水质富营养化,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,水质富营养化,水质富营养化,1,富营养化对饮用水源的影响,2,针对水体富营养化工艺的方法,3,新型藻类处理工艺,4,什么是富营养化,近年来, 全国各地的湖泊、水库和河流都不同程度地发生藻类繁生问题, 尤以太湖、巢湖和云南的滇池发生藻类繁生问题更为严重。有害的藻类对水产养殖业, 供水行业也是为害深远的, 产毒蓝藻直接威胁人类的安康。,水质富营养化,1,对产生水质的不利影响,2,对管网的不利影响,3,对水厂管理的不利影响,水质富营养化,1,运行管理,增加混凝剂的投加量,容易造成滤池堵塞,2,水质,3,管网,产生臭味土霉味、鱼腥味,动植物死亡后产生的腐殖质增加色度,加剧了消毒副产物的产生投加更多的氯,产生毒素影响人类安康,常规工艺对藻类的去除不彻底，穿透滤池的藻类进入市政供水管网后，其分解产物可作为管网微生物生长、繁殖的基质，引起配水管网中的细菌再生长而造成二次污染。,水质富营养化,水质富营养化,1,预处理工艺,2,强化处理工艺,3,传统工艺,组合处理工艺,4,物理预处理,利用机械筛分、强制截留的物理手段将杂质从水中去除，常用的设备是微滤机。,化学预处理,生物预处理,通过投加化学氧化剂氯气、二氧化氯、臭氧、高锰酸钾、高锰酸钾复合药剂PPC等和某些盐类铜盐和 Ca(OH)2等去除藻类,采用生物技术除藻类的研究应用较多。一般生物预处理对蓝藻、硅藻、裸藻的去除率较高，但对绿藻的去除率较低。,水质富营养化,强化混凝技术,采取各种措施对混凝、沉淀、过滤等水处理单元工艺进行强化，可提高水中藻类的去除率。强化混凝技术主要通过提高混凝剂投加量并优化混凝条件来提高常规工艺的处理效果。天津杨柳青水厂将混凝剂投加量由平时的,46 mg/L,提高到,13 mg/L,左右，提高了高藻期的除藻效率。,强化气浮技术,因为藻类密度较小，采用气浮可以取得较好的除藻效果。对常规工艺进展改造以气浮工艺代替沉淀工艺，可提高藻类和藻毒素的去除效果。通过改变过滤的方式、滤料的组成、滤料的外表性质可提高滤池的除藻效率。烟台某水厂为单层石英砂滤池，增加一层无烟煤，增大了表层滤料间的孔隙。采用煤砂双层滤池后，提高了高浓度含藻水的处理效果。,水质富营养化,臭氧,气浮组合工艺,适合低浊、低色、低有机质的水源，法国奥顿水厂和,Joinville,水厂利用该法进行了半生产性试验，获得了较好的处理效果。臭氧,活性炭工艺是目前应用非常广泛的深度处理工艺，具有非常高的除藻和藻毒素去除效率。谢曙光等采用臭氧,活性炭组合工艺处理黄河微污染水源，对藻类的总去除率达到了,76.9%,。潍坊眉村水厂采用气浮,-,粉末活性炭强化处理，结果细胞外微囊藻毒素的平均去除率达到了,69.2%,，总藻毒素的平均去除率达到,96.3%,，此工艺比投加,KMnO4,或预,Cl2,的效果好。,。,水质富营养化,生物,臭氧、活性炭、气浮组合工艺,臭氧、活性炭、气浮等可以与生物法联用，除藻效果比较理想。研究发现，臭氧,生物陶粒对藻类总数的去除率比单独的生物陶粒提高了,25%,左右。采用生物接触氧化池,气浮工艺处理北京城子水厂源水，藻类去除率能够达到,80%,以上。周真明等将扬水曝气与生物接触氧化池结合进行滦河源水除藻，对叶绿素,a,的去除率达,41.7%,，对藻类的总平均去除率为,34.3%,。,水质富营养化,1,电絮凝浮选技术,2,磁性混凝分离去除淡水中藻华,3,KMnO4-Fe(II),过程预氧化,水质富营养化,cease the further release of intracellular organic matter (IOM) and the degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM).,Fe(II) contributed to lower levels of the in-situ formed MnO,2,the in-situ formed Fe(III), in-situ MnO,2, and dissolved oxygen, dominated the remarkably high,efficiency of KMnO,4,-Fe(II) process with respect to the removal of M.,aeruginosa.,水质富营养化,oxidizing electrode,metal ions,release at sacrificial anode through,electrolytic oxidation,which are considered as,efficient coagulants,;,flotation,flocculoreac,the,coagulants,react with,pollutants,and bigger flocs are formed,the flocculated particles are removed through sedimentation or lifted to the surface by the microbubbles adhered to them,水质富营养化,the coagulants produced by electrolytic oxidation are of high efficiency,No sulfates and chlorides would be introduced in the ECF system,less dosage would be required as compared with conventional coagulants,pH adjustment is unnecessary since ECF performs well in a large pH range,the microbubbles produced at the anode and cathode could also contribute to the separation of pollutants through flotation,alkalinity is not consumed during ECF process as the OH,ions are generated at cathode,Advantages,Abstract,The magneticcoagulation separation method can rapidly and effectively remove algae from water bodies and greatly mitigate eutrophication of freshwater using a new magnetic coagulant. The method has good performance, is low cost, can turn waste into something valuable, and provides reference and directions for future pilot and production scale-ups.,水质富营养化,magnetite,acid-modified,fly ash,More than 99% of algal cells were removed within 5 min after the addition of magnetic coagulant at optimal loadings (200 mg /L ).,The removal efficiencies of COD, total nitrogen, and phosphorus were 93, 91,and 94% , respectively,Adsorption Netting Bridging,high magnetic responsiveness,Ma M, Liu R, Liu H, et al. Effect of moderate pre-oxidation on the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by KMnO4eFe(II) process: Significance of the in-situ formed Fe(III) J. Water research, 2021, 46(1): 73-81.,Gao S, Yang J, Tian J, et al. Electro-coagulationflotation process for algae removalJ. Journal of hazardous materials, 2021, 177(1): 336-343.,Sarnelle O, White J D, Horst G P, et al. Phosphorus addition reverses the positive effect of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) on the toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa J. Water research, 2021, 46(11): 3471-3478.,Wu Z, Shen H, Ondruschka B, et al. Removal of blue-green algae using the hybrid method of hydrodynamic cavitation and ozonationJ. Journal of hazardous materials, 2021.,ONeil J M, Davis T W, Burford M A, et al. The rise of harmful cyanobacteria blooms: The potential roles of eutrophication and climate changeJ. Harmful Algae, 2021, 14: 313-334.,Liu D, Wang P, Wei G, et al. Removal of algal blooms from freshwater by the coagulationmagnetic separation methodJ. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, 20(1): 60-65.,王立宁, 方晶云, 马军, 等. 化学预氧化对藻类细胞构造的影响及其强化混凝除藻J. 东南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2005, 35(1): 182-185.,方旭东, 张茜. 饮用水中藻类污染及其控制技术J. 天津化工, 2021, 27(3): 35-38.,参考文献,水质富营养化,演讲人：耿婷等,谢谢大家！,结 语,