第13课《诗词三首》

13,诗词三首,漫步在古诗苑中，那纷繁复杂的感情、博大精深的思想，深邃悠远的意境、精彩优美的语言,深深地吸引着我们。今天，就让我们一起来欣赏这三首古诗词，相信这边风景独好。,新,课,导,入,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,学,习,目,标,1.,了解作者及创作背景，理解诗歌的思想内容，把握作者的思想感情。,(,重点,),2.,有感情地诵读并背诵诗歌，品味语言，感受诗歌的意境美。,(,难点,),3.,感悟作者乐观旷达的胸怀，做积极向上、乐观进取的人。,(,重点,),饮 酒（其五）,陶渊明,行路难,(,其一,),李白,李白,(701762),，字,太白,，号,青莲居士,。唐代浪漫主义诗人，有,“诗仙”,之称。他的作品善于从民间汲取营养，想象丰富奇特，风格雄健奔放，色调瑰奇绚丽，是我国文学史上继屈原之后又一位伟大的浪漫主义诗人。,代表作：,将进酒,望庐山瀑布,蜀道难,等。著有,李太白全集,。,作,者,简,介,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,行路难,(,其一,),：,选自,李太白全集,卷三,(,中华书局,1977,年版,),。此诗是天宝三年,(744,年,),，李白遭受谗毁排挤，愤而离开京城时所作。,背,景,链,接,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,课,文,朗,读,行路难,(,其一,),李白,金,樽,清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。,停杯投,箸,不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。,欲渡黄河冰,塞,川，将登太行雪满山。,闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。,行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？,长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。,zn,zh,s,金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。,停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。,一二句：描绘了隆重而丰盛的宴会场面；反衬作者悲愤、失望的情绪。,夸张,停 投 拔 顾,三四句：“停、投、拔、顾”四个前后连续的动作，反映了李白内心的极度抑郁苦闷和感情的激荡起伏,课,文,讲,解,欲渡黄河冰,塞,川，,将登,太行,雪满山。,闲来垂钓碧溪上，,忽复乘舟梦日边。,正面写“行路难”。诗人用“冰塞川”、“雪满山”象征人生道路上的艰难险阻，具有比兴的意味。,用典,运用“姜尚”和“伊尹”的典故，表达了作者渴望遇到明君建功立业的愿望，对前途仍抱有希望。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。,闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。,诗意：,想渡过黄河，可坚冰封住了河面，想要登上太行山，但大雪盖满了山。闲时坐在碧溪上垂钓，忽又想象在梦中乘船从日边经过。,冰塞川 雪满山,比喻人生道路艰难和仕途坎坷,行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？,长风,破,浪会有时，直,挂,云帆济沧海。,妙处：,破”“挂”富有动感、充满气势，充分表达了作者的乐观、自信和对理想的执著追求。,反复,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.,诗歌前四句表现了什么情景？,李白离别京城，朋友们为他设宴饯行，而且宴席十分豪华。然而嗜酒的诗人对此美酒佳肴却“不能食”“心茫然”，此中包含了诗人极度愤懑、抑郁不平的心情。,2.,如何理解“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”？,李白作为一个心怀远大政治抱负的人，他相信尽管前路障碍重重，但终有一天会乘长风破万里浪，挂上云帆，横渡沧海，到达理想的彼岸。“破”“挂”富有动感，充满气势，让人们强烈地感受到诗人的执着、自信 ，虽身处逆境仍保持乐观进取的人生态度。这两句诗是全篇的最强音，抒发了作者的怀才不遇，悲愤中不乏豪迈气概。,3.,在本诗中诗人的思想感情经历了怎样的变化？,从怀才不遇和仕途不顺的苦闷,对前途的茫然,对未来的希望和坚定的信念,这首诗借行路难来描写人生道路的坎坷，既反映了诗人仕途失意的抑郁苦闷，又表现了诗人乐观、自信的人生态度及执着追求理想的坚定信念。,主,题,概,括,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,结,构,梳,理,行路难,（其一）,停杯不食，拔剑茫然,坚信理想,积极乐观,冰塞黄河，大雪满山,垂钓碧溪，乘舟日边,长风破浪，挂帆济海,苦恼,艰难,希望,追求,1.,用典精当。,诗中“闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边”两句诗连用两个典故，诗人自比姜尚、伊尹，表达自己渴望得到明君赏识从而施展才能和抱负的愿望。“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”，诗人自比宗悫，可见其远大志向。,写,作,借,鉴,2.,虚实结合，想象雄奇。,诗人展开想象的翅膀，一会儿飞到“冰塞川”的黄河，一会儿飞到“雪满山”的太行，一会儿想到碧溪垂钓、乘舟日边，一会儿又回到“多歧路”的现实，一会儿又要乘风破浪，高挂云帆远渡沧海。从上古写到未来，从现实写到幻境，虚实结合，想象雄奇。,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠,刘禹锡,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,刘禹锡,(772842),，字,梦得,，洛阳,(,今河南洛阳,),人。,唐代,文学家，有,“诗豪”,之称。曾任太子宾客，世称,刘宾客,。刘禹锡的咏史诗十分为人称道。这些诗以精炼的文字和意象，表现他阅尽沧桑后的沉思。他的散文长于说理，著有,刘梦得文集,。,作,者,简,介,本诗选自,刘禹锡集,卷三十一,(,中华书局,1990,年版,),。唐顺宗永贞元年,(805),，刘禹锡因参与王叔文集团的政治改革，失败后被贬到外地做官二十多年。唐敬宗宝历二年,(826),，刘禹锡被罢免和州刺史，返回洛阳，途经扬州时与白居易相会。白居易在酒席上写了,醉赠刘二十八使君,，对刘禹锡屡遭贬谪、怀才不遇的命运寄予深切的同情，刘禹锡写作此诗答谢白居易。,背,景,链,接,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,课,文,朗,读,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠,刘禹锡,巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。,怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂,柯,人。,沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。,今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。,k,巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。,怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。,情感：对世事沧桑、亲朋凋零的伤感，含蓄地表达了内心的不平。暗示贬谪时间太久，此番回来恍如隔世，觉得人事全非，不再是旧时光景。,被贬时间之长,借典抒情,沉舟侧畔千帆过，,病树前头万木春。,今日听君歌一曲，,暂凭杯酒长精神。,画面：,放眼望去，展现在眼前的是一幅这样的景象：大江之上，沉舟之侧仍有千帆竞发，虽有病树但万木依旧争春。新事物必将取代旧事物。,点明酬赠题意,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.,首联中诗人是如何抒情的？表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？,刘禹锡没有直接倾诉自己长期遭贬的强烈不平，而是通过“凄凉地”和“弃置身”这些字句，让读者感觉到他抑制已久的愤激心情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.,赏析诗句“沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春”。,运用比喻对偶的修辞手法，借“千帆过”“万木春”的自然景物的变化暗示社会的发展和新陈代谢的自然规律。这两句本是诗人感叹身世的愤激之语，但客观上形象地揭示了新陈代谢的自然规律，蕴含深刻的哲理。同时，也表现出诗人豁达开朗的心境和乐观向上的精神。,这首诗抒发了作者二十多年转徙巴山楚水的坎坷遭遇和无限感慨，流露出被长期贬谪弃置的无限辛酸和愤懑不平之情，表现出作者不甘沉沦、奋发昂扬的进取精神和达观态度。,主,题,概,括,结,构,梳,理,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠,首联：回顾贬谪生活,坚定乐观,豁达进取,颔联：感慨世事变迁,颈联：预示发展前景,尾联：与友乐观共勉,1.刘禹锡的酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠中通过引用典故来表现岁月流逝，人事全非，自己恍若隔世之人的句子是：,2.诗中表达诗人豁达的胸怀和奋发向上、努力进取的精神（或：喻含新事物不断涌现的理趣）的诗句是,阅,读,借,鉴,怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人,沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。,水调歌头,苏轼,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,苏轼,(10371101),，字,子瞻,，自号,东坡居士,，四川眉山人。与父苏洵、弟弟苏辙同位于,“唐宋八大家”,之列。他是北宋中期的文坛领袖，在散文、诗、词、书、画等方面成就都很高。其诗现存于世的约,340,余首。其词引领豪放一派，豪壮雄浑，其诗清新雄健。著有,东坡全集,。,作,者,简,介,本文选自,东坡乐府笺,卷一,(,上海古籍出版社,2009,年版,),。本词写于宋神宗熙宁九年,(1076),。当时作者被贬至密州，政治上失意潦倒，与弟弟苏辙也已七年不见，中秋对月，心情抑郁惆怅，遂作此词。,背,景,链,接,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,课,文,朗,读,水调歌头,苏轼,丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。,明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫,阙,今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐,琼,楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。,转朱阁，低,绮,户，照无眠。不应有恨 ，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共,蝉,娟。,q,qu,qing,chn,上阕：,望月（写景,）,下阕：,怀人（抒情）,借景抒情，,情景交融。,思考：本词的上下阕主要写什么？,表达了作者怎样的思想感情？ 两者怎样联系在一起的？,1.,如何理解“明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙今夕是何年”？,词人以把青天当做自己的朋友，把酒相问，显示了他豪放的性格和不凡的气魄：明月什么时候就有了,?,天上的宫殿今晚是何年何月,?,这体现了苏轼屡受打击后的徘徊困惑心态。,此处化用李白的诗句,“,青天有月来几时，我今停杯一问之。,”,2,、,如何理解,“我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒”，表达了词人怎样的心理？,由于无法排解内心的困惑，词人便想乘风飞往月宫去，但又担心在高寒的月宫自己难以承受。这就流露出词人,“,出世,”,、,“,入世,”,的双重矛盾心理。,3.,“高处不胜寒” 有怎样深刻的含义？,这句词不仅指经受不住高处的寒冷，还包括不愿回朝廷做官，厌恶朝中的党派相争、勾心斗角；没有志同道合的朋友的孤单冷清；经受不住人世间的人情冷暖，世态炎凉等含义。,2,、,“,起舞弄清影，何似在人间,”,透露了诗人什么样的心愿？,月宫,里形单影只,，,冷冷清清，,还不如在人间。说明苏轼愿意在人间为国家出力，,又确定了,“,入世,”,的立场。,这显现,了,苏轼,乐观,积极的人生态度。,这首词从幻想上天写起，写到这里又回到热爱人间的感情上来。,此处化用李白,的诗句,“,我歌月徘徊，我舞影零乱。,”,此,句是全词,过渡句,课,文,讲,解,请赏析“起舞弄清影”中“弄”和“清影”的表达效果,“,弄”是玩弄、欣赏的意思，表明舞姿的不断变化，使人想象到舞姿的美妙。,“清影”意为清冷的影子，营造孤独、寂寞、凄清的氛围，表现了词人的孤独、苦闷,（,1,）“转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠,”,描绘了什么？,“,无眠,”,除了只怀念弟弟是深情外，还指什么人？,这几句直接写月，“转”“低”，准确生动地描绘了月光的移动，暗示夜已深。“无眠”是泛指那些因为不能和亲人团圆而感到忧伤，以致不能入睡的人。,（,2,）“不应有恨，何事长向别时圆,?”,体现了词人的什么感情,?,表面是“埋怨月亮”，实际上表达了作者对,“月圆人不圆”的遗憾,。,这是埋怨明月故意与人为难，给人增添忧愁，无理的语气进一步衬托出词人思念胞弟的手足深情，却又含蓄地表示了对于不幸的离人们的同情。,2.,“人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全”包含了什么哲理？试简要分析。,诗人把人的悲欢离合与月的阴晴圆缺相对，说明事物不能十全十美。,（,3,）,“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”表现了作者怎样的情怀,？,作者在排遣了自己内心的遗憾之后，情怀进一步旷达，,感情也升华为对天下之人的美好祝愿。,体现了作者乐观而旷达的情怀。,词意：只希望人们能够年年健康平安，即使相隔千里也能共享这美好的月光。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,这首词上阕写词人对月饮酒，下阕写对月怀人。反映了词人宦海失意的苦闷，也表现了词人对美好生活的向往和乐观旷达的胸襟。,主,题,概,括,结,构,梳,理,水调,歌头,望月问天（写景）,热爱生活,乐观旷达,想象：明月宫阙,借景抒情 情景交融,上阙,下阙,怀人问月（抒情）,联想：月圆人合,议论升华 富有哲理,1.,情景交融，寓哲理于议论之中。,全篇将写景、议论、抒情融为一体，作者由皎皎明月而怀念亲人，由阴晴圆缺感悟人生并非无憾事，使全词意境优美，又富于哲思、情蕴。,写,作,借,鉴,2.,想象丰富，境界旷达。,作者由举杯问月，想象天上宫阙胜景，叙述身世之感与思想矛盾；由思念亲人扩展到人类普遍的情感、体验，抒发人生无常，并非无憾事的感喟。想象丰富，富于浪漫色彩。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,乘风破浪,古代南北朝的时候，宋国有位将军姓宗名悫（,qu,），他从小就很勇敢，也很有抱负。有一天，宗悫的叔父问他有什么志向，宗悫回答道：“愿乘长风破万里浪。”意思是：我一定要突破一切障碍，勇往直前，干一番事业。宗悫经过勤学苦练，努力奋斗，终于成为一位能征善战的将军。,拓,展,延,伸,1.,背诵本课的三首诗词。,2.,这三首诗词，都体现了诗人不如意时的豁达胸怀，你认为我们在面对挫折时应该怎么做？请你说说你的看法。,课,后,作,业,