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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4,Unit 4,Astronomy:,the science of the stars,Speaking and Writing,1. To discuss what you need if you travel to the moon,2. To write a short article to show your problems and the way to overcome them,Life is different on a spaceship. There is very little gravity so that things float around. In pairs discuss what you need if you travel to the moon:,to protect your skin,to stop you flying off the moons surface and into space,to stop your food floating away,Make a list of your ideas and take part in a class discussion to find the best ones. Use these words and expressions to help you.,Please pay attention to,Please check that You need ,Dont forget to Make sure that ,Watch out for Youd better,You must/ mustnt Please look at,GUIDED WRITING,如何写解决问题的说明文,【单元写作呈现】,Write a short article explaining one of the problems that you might have on the moon. Set out what you should do to overcome this difficulty and have a happy visit.,【写作分析】,本单元要求写一篇说明文，为探访月球过程中可能遇到的某个问题提出解决方法。体裁属于说明文写作Expository writing：solving a problem。本单元的课文和讨论局部已经提到类似的问题，例如月球外表的重力会造成行走困难等等。,写作局部在此根底上进一步展开话题，要求学生首先解释说明人们在月球上可能会遇到的某种困难，然后阐述相应的解决方法。写作过程中应注意把握说明文的构造，选择恰当的说明方法，并表达说明文语言的特点。,【审题要素】,写作时应注意以下几点：,1. 确定文体：这是一篇解决问题的说明文，写作重点在于说明如何解决问题How。,2. 主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。,3. 内容要点：, 提出问题；, 列举解决问题的途径；, 给出简要评论、总结或预测。,4. 注意说明文内容的科学性、构造的条理性、语言的准确性。,【思路引导】,此题属于典型的problem-solution解决问题型写作，此类文章写作的根本提纲模式是：,第一局部：开篇。提出问题(problem)，明确需要解决的问题是什么，即对现状、形势、困难等进展描述，并说明解决问题的紧迫性和必要性。,第二局部：主体。分析问题和解决问题，即提出解决问题的方法(solution)，可使用列举、阐释等说明方法。,第三局部：总结。对提出的解决方法进展简要评价(evaluation)，列举其优点，或者说明自己的喜好、选择，也可对该问题的前景做出进一步预测。,【语言积累】,1. Problems:,. is really a problem.,One of the difficulties is . / The question is .,It is difficult / hard to do .,. is a problem that we have to face.,It is of great importance for us to .,It has become the biggest concern of .,Unless we take effective measures, it is likely that .,2. Reasons:,There is no doubt that the reason why . is that .,One reason for . is that . Another reason is that .,The reasons for . can be listed as follows.,The following three factors contribute to . First of all, . Secondly, . Thirdly, .,3. Solutions:,We have figured out many ways to .,Only in this way can we .,To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must .,There might be two solutions. The first one is to .,We can solve the problem by doing .,4. Conclusion:,In a word / To sum up .,By doing . you will .,With concerted efforts we will pull through the difficulties.,With the help of . we can manage to overcome these difficulties.,We must find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.,【参考范文】,If you are really planning a trip to the moon, youd better pack something to keep you warm, and also something to keep you cool. Because the moon has no atmosphere to block some of the suns rays or to help trap heat at night, its temperature varies greatly between day and night. That will be a great challenge to the human system.,To deal with this problem, scientists have invented spacesuits with internal heaters and cooling systems. With this technology, scientists can create a surface zone with the relatively constant temperature. You will find that very helpful on your trip to the moon.,Write a short article explaining one of the problems that you might have on the moon. Set out what you should do to overcome this difficulty and have a happy visit.,
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