选修7 Unit 1

高考总复习,.,人教版,.,英语,选修,7,Unit 1 Living well,基础再现,词汇盘点,1._ vt.,使适应；改编,2._n.,不在某处；缺席,3._n.,无力；无能；伤残,4._vt.,苦恼；使,不悦,5._ adj.,笨拙的,6._v.,主持；指挥；管理,n.,行为；品行,7._v.,辞职；辞去,(,职位、工作等,) ,adapt,absence,disability,annoy,clumsy,conduct,resign,学以致用,翻译下列句子。,1.,她很快就适应了她的新工作。,_,2.,在他外出期间我一直想打扫地下室，但是很不幸，我没时间。,_,3.,失明是非常严重的残疾。,_,4.,如果我们到八点还没完成，我会很懊恼的。,_,5.,笨拙的男孩撞到桌子上。,_,6.,导游带领游客参观博物馆。,_,7.,史密斯先生打算下周辞职。,_,答案：,1.She adapted quickly to her new job.,2.I had wanted to clean the basement in his absence but unfortunately I had no time.,3.Blindness is a very serious disability.,4.Ill be annoyed if we dont finish it by eight.,5.The clumsy boy bumped into the table.,6.The guide conducted the visitors around the,museum.,7.Mr.Smith is going to resign his post next week.,词汇拓展,1._,（,n.,）无力；伤残；,_(adj.),伤残的；,_(vt.),使无能,/,伤残,2._,（,adj.,）有益的,受益的；,_ (n.),利益,; (vt.&vi.),有益于,3._,（,n.,）呼吸；气息；,_ (vi.&vt.),呼吸；,_ (adj.),呼吸的；,_ (adj.),不出声的；,_(adv.),气喘吁吁地；,_(n.),闷热、无声息,4._,（,vt.,）苦恼；使,不悦；,_(adj.),讨厌的,;,恼人的；,_(n.),烦恼,5._,（,n.,）协助；援助；,_ (adj.),辅助的,;(n.),助手；,_ (vi.),援助,/,帮助,6._,（,adj.,）年长的；,_ (,原级,),；,_ (,最高级,),；,_(adj.),上了年纪的,7._,（,adj.,）独立自主的；不受约束的；,_ (adj.),依赖的；,_ (adv.),独立地、有主见地,8._,（,n.,）政治学,_ (adj.),精明的、有策略的；,_ (adj.),政治的,答案：,1.disability;disabled;disable,2.beneficial;benefit,3.breath;breathe;breathing;breathless;breathlessly;breathlessness,4.annoy;annoying;annoyance,5.assistance;assistant;assist,6.elder;old;eldest;elderly,7.independent;dependent;independently,8.politics;politic;political,学以致用,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。,1.His_(disable) makes him looked down upon.,2.The small factories_,（,beneficial,）,from the fall of the prices.,3.When we climbed up to the top of the mountain,we were all_(breath).,4.Youd better not get_(annoy) at his ignorance.,5.He worked as an_(assist) to the President.,6.His_(old) daughter is a judge.,7.We must train them to think_(independence).,8._ (politics) are busy near election time.,9.It might be better_(try)_(discuss) in his own language as he isnt used to_(speak) in English yet.,10._(see)from the hilltop,the lake is extremely beautiful.,11.If you couldnt get anything_(open) the beer bottle with,why not_(try)_(open) it with your teeth?,12.You should try to_new circumstances as quickly as you can.,13.He has been absent_class for quite a long time.,答案：,1.disability 2.benefit,3.out of breath 4.annoyed,5.assistant6.eldest,7.independently 8.Politicians,9.to try;to discuss;speaking,10.seen,11.to open;try;opening,12.adapt to 13.from,短语熟记,1._,尤其，特别,2._,总而言之， 从各方面考虑,3._,建立，创设，搭（帐篷）,4._,换句话说，也就是说,5._,是,还是,6._,可接近，有途径,答案：,1.in particular,2.all in all,3.set up,4.in other words,5.whether.or.,6.have access to,学以致用,完成下列句子。,1.,自从学生时代以来他就对体育有浓厚的兴趣，尤其是对足球。,He_sport,football_,since his earliest student days.,2.,有那么一、两次他自己作决定有困难，但是总体来说他是一个独立自主的人。,Once or twice he_on his own,but_he is an independent man.,3.,新政府于战后成立。,The new government_after the war.,4.,他们将三天后离开，换句话说，也就是下周五。,They are leaving_three days,_,next Friday.,5.,不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做,下去。,Well_the work,_we can find the necessary tools_.,6.,我好多年没见过这么旧的小汽车了。,I_a car_this for years.,7.,在检查电器之前关掉电源是很重要的。,_is important_the electricity before you check the machine.,8.,学生一定要有途径读到好书。,Students must_good books.,答案：,1.has been interested in,；,in particular,2.had difficulty in making decisions,；,all in all,3.was set up,4.in,；,in other words,5.go on with,；,whether,；,or not,6.havent seen,；,as old as,7.It,；,to turn off,8.have access to,答案：,1.has been interested in,；,in particular,2.had difficulty in making decisions,；,all in all,3.was set up,4.in,；,in other words,5.go on with,；,whether,；,or not,6.havent seen,；,as old as,7.It,；,to turn off,8.have access to,实用句型,1.have difficulty/trouble,（,in,）,doing sth.,在做（某事）方面有困难,2.make it,及时到达；取得成功；,(,病痛等,),好转，挺了,过来,3.as.as.,和,一样,，原级比较结构,学以致用,用适当的词填空或用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。,1.Do you have any difficulty_(express) yourself in English?,2.I have some trouble_the pronunciation of some English words.,3.I like_in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.,4.Frank was very ill,and the doctor didnt think he would_.,5.Our neighbor has _ours.(,邻居的房子和我们的一样大。,),答案：,1.expressing,2.with,3.it,4.make it,5.as big a house as,精华浓缩,运用本单元所学知识，翻译下面内容，并背诵该篇文章。,Tom,的父亲前不久辞去了校长职务。他特别喜欢由电影改编的科幻小说。他乐于助人，但是当有人连谢谢都忘记说时他很恼火。他学习很努力，每次长期缺课之后，他都会感到很羞愧。有些同学会因他跑步很快时气喘吁吁而嘲笑他。他认为取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。在许多方面残疾使他变得更加坚强，更加独立。,_,_,范文赏读,My friend,Tom,whose father resigned as headmaster not long ago,loves science fiction in particular,which was adapted from films.He is ready to help others,but it really annoys him when people forget to say “thank you” to him.He studies very hard and always feels ashamed,every time after a long absence from school.Sometimes some of his classmates laugh at him because he runs so fast that he is out of breath,however,he thinks its bad manners to make fun of the disabled.In many ways his disability has made him grow stronger and more independent.,考点整合,词汇聚焦,1. clumsy adj.,笨拙的；笨重的；不合适的,例句,I felt clumsy,shy and awkward at the party.,在晚会上我显得笨手笨脚，既害羞又不灵活。,联想,clumsy wooden shoes,笨重的木鞋,a clumsy sentence,冗长的句子,a clumsy excuse,不妥的借口,辨析,clumsy/stupid/foolish/silly/dull,clumsy,指行动不灵活，讲话笨嘴拙舌。,stupid,指智能低下。,foolish,指愚蠢，不明智。,silly,指单纯、糊涂、可笑。,dull,指头脑不灵活，反应迟钝。 ,练习,翻译下列句子。,穿着这双笨重的鞋走路真难受。,_,Its not easy walking in these clumsy shoes.,2. conduct v.,主持；指挥；管理,n.,行为；品行,例句,They hired agents to conduct their affairs.,他们雇请代理人来处理他们的事务。,派生,conduction n.,传导；输送,conductor n.,售票员；管理者；指挥；导体,练习,他引观众到他们的座位上。,_,He conducted the members of the audience to their seats.,3. resign v.,辞职；辞去,(,职位、工作等,),；放弃；听从，顺从,例句,He is resigned to his fate.,或,He resigned himself to his fate.,他听天由命。,派生,resignation n.,辞职；辞呈；放弃；听从,练习,将军辞去了他的职务。,_,The general resigned his commission.,4. adapt v.,使适应，改编,例句,Can you adapt yourself to the new job?,你能适应这份新工作吗？,派生,adaptation n.,适应，改编,adaptable adj.,能适应的,辨析,adapt/adjust/fit/suit/match,adapt,指改变以适应新条件。,adjust,指“调整，调节”使之适应。,fit,多指“大小、尺寸、形状”适合，引申为“吻合”。,suit,多指 “合口味、性格、要求、兴趣等”。,match,在颜色、设计等方面很相配。 ,练习,根据所给的中文提示完成句子。,（,1,）你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后，才能看得见。,You cant see through the telescope until it is_to your eyes.,（,2,）这件上衣不适合我。,This coat doesnt_me.,（,3,）地毯应该和窗帘搭配。,The carpet should_the curtains.,答案：（,1,）,adjusted (2)fit (3)match,5. absence n.,缺席， 旷课，不在,派生,absent adj.,缺，旷,absentminded adj.,心不在焉的,例句,How many students are absent today?,今天有多少学生缺席？,联想,Narrow-minded adj.,胸襟狭窄的,Broad-minded adj.,气量宽宏的，胸襟开阔的,练习,你缺席的真正原因是什么？,_,What was the real reason for your absence?,6. disability n.,残疾,例句,Do you know anyone with a physical disability?,你认识身体有残疾的人吗？,派生,disable v.,使伤残,disabled adj.,伤残的,练习,真题链接,（,2009,年江苏卷）,This special school accepts all disabled students,_educational level and background.,A.according to B.regardless of,C.in addition to D.in terms of,解析：,according to,根据；,regardless of,不管，不顾；,in addition to,另外；,in terms,of,就,而言；这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。,答案：,B,7. annoy vt.,使,不悦,;,惹恼,例句,It really annoys me when I see people dropping litter.,看到人们乱丢垃圾真让我感到恼火。,联想,be annoyed with,对,感到生气,be annoyed about,对,感到恼火,be annoyed by,对,感到恼火,练习,由于那顿饭做得不好，他对他的妻子很恼火。,_,_ ,He was annoyed with his wife because the dinner,was badly cooked.,1. set up,建立，创设，搭（帐篷）,A new government was set up after the war.,战后成立了一个新政府。,练习真题链接,（,2007,年陕西卷）,_that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.,A.So successful her business was,B.So successful was her business,C.So her business was successful,D.So was her successful business,经典词组,B,2. in other words “,换句话说”， “也就是说”， 作插入语，等于,that is to say,that is,namely,i.e.,。,Only one boy was absent,that is,Harry.,只有一个男孩缺席， 就是哈里。,联想,have a word with,跟某人谈谈,have words with,与某人吵架,put in a word for sb.,为某人说好话,word by word,逐字逐句地,beyond words,在言语之外 ,练习,真题链接,（,2009,年全国,、海南、宁夏同卷）,Everybody was touched_words after they heard her moving story.,A.beyond B.without,C.of D.in,解析：,固定搭配，,beyond words,表示“在言语之外”，即不能,用言语来表达，也就是“无法形容”了。句意是“听到她的感人,故事之后，他们感动得无法用语言来形容”。,答案：,A,3. Whether.or.,引导宾语从句,例句,Unfortunately,they cant tell me whether I will get worse as I get older,or I will stay the same as I am now.,不幸的是，他们不能告诉我病情是随着年龄的增长恶化，还是我将保持现状。,Whetheror,还可以引导让步状语从句，表示选择、条件和让步意义。,练习,（,1,）国家无论大小、穷富，一律平等。,_,（,2,）,All people,_they are old or young,rich or poor,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.,A.even if B.whether,C.no matter D.however,答案：（,1,）,All countries are equal ,whether they are big or,small,rich or poor. (2)B,4. almost,和,nearly,差不多，几乎,例句,He slipped and almost fell.,他滑了一下， 几乎跌倒。,辨析,（,1,）这两个词意思相近，在肯定句中可以换用。,It is almost/nearly lunchtime.,马上要开午饭了。,（,2,）,almost,能和,never,no,nothing,nobody,nowhere,等连用。 ,练习,几乎没有人相信她。,_,Almost no one believe her.,5. in particularparticularlyespecially,尤其；特别,例句,He stressed two points in particular.,他特别强调了两点。,联想,be particular about,挑剔,例句,She is particular about what she wears.,她对衣服很挑剔。,辨析,especially/particularly/specially,especially,意思是“特别地”、“尤其是”，修饰形容词、名词短语或状语从句，强调程度。,particularly,等于,especially,。 ,specially,意思是“特意地，专门地”， 强调目的。,练习,（,1,）我喜欢乡下， 尤其是在春天里。,I like the country,_ in spring.,（,2,）我刚下火车，特意地见他的女朋友。,He has just arrived by train,_ to see his girlfriend.,especially,specially,6. all in all,总而言之， 从各方面考虑,All in all,he admitted his mistake.,最重要地是他承认了错误。,联想,in all,总共,above all,重要的是,after all,毕竟，终究，别忘了,first of all,首先,练习,（,1,）你应该原谅他的健忘症，毕竟他已经七十多岁了。,_,_ ,(2),（,2007,年江苏卷）,She looks very happy.She must have passed the exam.,I guess so._,(,一点都不难,).,You should forgive him for his forgetfulness;,after all,he is over seventy.,Its not difficult after all,1. as.as,原级比较结构,提醒,原级比较结构“,as+adj. +(a/an) n.+as”,中的形容词要用原级，也可将名词置于,as.as,之前，即“,(a/an)n.+as+adj.+as”,；而“比较级,+than”,结构中形容词或副词则用比较级。,练习,我多年未见这么大的房子了。,I havent seen _ this for years./,I havent seen _ this for years.,as big a house as,a house as big as,句型掌握,2. have difficulty/trouble,（,in,）,doing sth.,在做（某事）方面有困难,说明,difficulty,或,trouble,是不可数名词，没有复数形式，后接,doing,时可在,doing,前加,in,，也可省略,in,；若接名词用,have difficulty/trouble with sth.,。,练习,他们很难找到代替者。,They _ a replacement.,had great difficulty in finding,3. make it,及时到达；取得成功；,(,病痛等,),好转，挺了过来，约定,例句,I never thought Clare would make it as an actress.,我从没想到克莱尔会成为一名成功的女演员。,说明,it,没有实际意义，在某些动词如,appreciate,like,love,dislike,hate,make(,成功,),等后接,if,，,when,引导的宾语从句时,take(,认为,),have(,坚持说,),hide(,隐瞒,),publish(,公布,),put (,表达,),answer for (,担保,),count on(,期待,),depend on(,依赖,),insist on(,坚持,),see to(,确保,),等后接,that,引导的宾语从句时，必须用形式宾语,it,。,练习,真题链接,（,2008,年重庆卷）,Could we see each other at 3 oclock this afternoon?,Sorry,lets _ (,定在其它时间,).,make it another time,写作导航,如何写好,30,词的概括,(,二,),一、考纲要求,1.,概括的准确性；,2.,字数大约,30,词；,3.,不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。,二、难点分析,1.,如何迅速、准确地捕捉要点；,2.,如何巧妙串连，将要点串成篇章；,3.,如何灵活诠释，避免抄袭的嫌疑。,三、解题思路,1.,巧妙利用主题，预测材料内容。,读写任务先读后写。那么“读”的材料肯定是与要“写”的材,料话题是相同的，至少是相关的。因此，我们可以利用这一关系来进行有效的预测。比如：,有一道题的主题是“学校该不该分班”，那么，我们可以根据这个话题进行如下预测：,(1),阅读材料的论点是什么：该？不该？,(2),论据是什么：该的理由？不该的理由？,(3),如何论证：有无实例？如有，又是什么实例？,这样，心中有了疑问，就好比大海航行有了指南针一样，只要循着这一方向去找，一定能在最短的时间里到达大洋的彼岸迅速捕捉要点。,2.,分析文章结构，准确捕捉要点。,有了“指南针”之后，捕捉短文要点就容易多了。那么，如何才能快速、准确地捕捉到文章的要点呢？,首先，从文体入手。一般来说，读写任务里的阅读材料按文体可以分成两种：议论文和记叙文。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据、论证，文章的整体结构多数为总分结构、分总结构、平行结构等。因此，我们通常可以去第一段或最后一段找论点。,3.,理清逻辑关系，选择合适连词。,在捕捉到文章的要点之后，接下来就是要理清他们之间的逻辑关系，再找到适当的连接词，自然衔接，使之成为一个连贯的语段。,4.,灵活变化表达，适度进行改写。,理清要点之间的逻辑关系之后，不能简单地照搬原句，还必须进行适度的改写，即用自己的话进行改写，才符合“不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子”的要求。那么，如何才能达到“雁过不留痕”的效果呢？,(1),同义替换。,即用同义或近义的词语或句型改写。,(2),语态互换。,即主动语态与被动语态的转换。,(3),非谓语动词短语与从句的互换。,(4),合并句子。,就是将几个意义联系紧密的句子合并为一句话。,5.,削“枝”去“叶”，实行精“兵”裁“员”。,由于字数有限制，所以在写概括时还应采取一些必要的手段来进行精“兵”裁“员”,减少字数。惯常采用的方,法有：,(1),主谓缩写。,如,they willtheyll; we arewere; should notshouldnt; can notcant,等。,(2),句式省略。,如,When he crossed the roadwhen crossing the road.If theyre corrected too muchif corrected too much.,(3),使用代词或含有替代含义的词。,如有学生这样写：,Once a king wanted to cover the road with leather to protect his feet.A servant advised the king not to cover the road and just make a pair of shoes for himself.Finally the king agreed and made shoes for himself.,这时，我们可以利用代词将其改写如下：,Once a king wanted to cover the road with leather to protect his feet,but he was persuaded not to do so.Instead,he made a pair of shoes to achieve the same goal.,四、避免误区,1.,要点不齐，表达笼统；,2.,抄袭原文，穷于变化；,3.,不够客观，喧宾夺主。,在写概括时，要依照作者的观点，客观地转述其要点，不要强加自己的观点。避免这种嫌疑的最佳方法就是在文首加上这样的字眼：,According to the passage/the author.,随堂练习,以约,30,词概括下面短文的主旨大意。,There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence.The first is sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerable,some being more capable than others.But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with,an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of the environment in which he is brought up.If an individual,is handicapped(,受阻碍,) environmentally,it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.,The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be proved by the identical twins,Peter and John.When the twins were three months old,their parents died,and they were placed in separate foster(,寄养,) homes.Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational,opportunities.John,however,was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college.This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens,when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.Johns IQ was 125,twentyfive points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother.,_,_,范文赏读,The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a persons intelligence by giving an example of two twin brothers,who were brought up in different environment.,疑难句型,考点,51.,使用现在完成时和过去完成时的常用句型,(1)since,句型：主句用完成时,例句,My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.,从,1949,年，我婶婶就一直在一家诊所工作。,(2)since when+,完成时,例句,Since when have you planted so many young trees?,从什么时候你种植了这么多小树的？,(3) This/it is the first (third.) time sb.have done sth.,例句,This is the first time I have been here.,这是我第一次到这儿。,(4)by.,（到,为止）到过去某个时候为止用过去完成时，到现在为止用现在完成时，到将来某个时候为止用将来完成时。,例句,She will have finished the book by my next birthday.,到我下一个生日为止，她将完成那本书。,但比较：,By the time the speaker entered the hall,all the listeners were seated.,就在主讲者进入大厅的时候，所有的听众都坐好了。,(5)in the past time( two days/years.) +,完成时,例句,In the past 10 years,there have been great changes in our family life.,在过去的十年里，我们的家庭生活发生了很大的变化。,(6) hardly.when. (no sooner.than),疑难句型用过去完成时,例句,Hardly had I reached the school when the bell rang.,我一到学校，铃子就响了。,(7),未实现的愿望打算等等用过去完成时,例句,I had thought I could pass the final examination but I failed.,我估计我可以通过期末考试，但结果我没通过。,考点,52.,表示总结的句型,(1)Through the above analysis(,分析,),例句,Through the above analysis,I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones.,通过以上分析，我认为积极因素大于消极因素。,(2)To sum up,总而言之,例句,To sum up,there are three ways of solving the,problems.,决而言之，解决这个问题的方法有三条。,(3) In short.,总之,例句,In short,the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.,总之，学生们还没有达成一致的意见。,(4) In a word ,it is clear that.,总之，很明显,例句,In a word,it is clear that smoking does harm to our,health.,总之，很明显，抽烟对我们健康有害。,(5)In conclusion.,结论之,例句,In conclusion,we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasantslives.,结论之，我们必须理性地考虑这个问题，对农民的生活应给予更多的重视。,(6)All in all,it is obvious that.,总之，很明显,例句,All in all,it is obvious that the government should set up different kinds of schools to meet the demands of different children.,总之，很明显，政府应该建立多种不同的学校去满足不同孩子的需要。,随堂练习,翻译下列句子。,1.,到昨天十一点止我们就已经到达机场了。,_,2.,我们刚坐到桌子旁边电话就响了。,_,3.,总之，他是我见过最有希望的学生之一。,_,4.,总的说来，他比,10,年前更有学问了。,_,答案：,1.By eleven oclock yesterday,we had arrived at the airport.,2.No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang.,3.In short,he is one of the most promising students Ive ever known.,4.All in all,he is more learned than he was ten years ago.,祝,您,学业有成,