新目标八年级上册Units12

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Units 1-2,知识清单,1. _,adj,. 精彩的；绝妙的, _,v,. 想要知道,2. _,n,. 活动, _ (,pl,.) 名词复数,3. _ (,v,.) 决定；抉择, _ (,n,.) 决定；抉择,一单词,wonderful,activity,wonder,activities,decide,decision,4. _ n. 建筑物；房子, _ v. 修建，建立,5. _ n. 差异；差异；区别, _ adj. 不同的,_ adv.不同地,_ (反义词adj.)同一的；一样的,6. _ adj.&pron. 不多；很少可数, _ adj.&pron.不多；很少不可数,building,build,difference,different,differently,same,few,little,7. _ adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的, _ v. 享受；喜欢,8. _ v. & n. 尝试；设法；努力,9. _ n. 商人, _ v. & n. 贸易；交易；经商,10. _ n. 顶部；外表, _ n. 反义词底部,enjoy,enjoyable,try,trader,trade,top,bottom,11. _ adj. 饥饿的, _ n. 饥饿,12. _ v.&n. 不喜爱；厌恶的事物, _ v.&n. 喜爱；喜欢的事物,13. _ adv. 两次；两倍, _ num. 基数词,_ adv. 一次；曾经,14. _ adv. adj. & pron. (最高级) 最少(的), _ adj. & pron. 原级，少的,_ (比较级) 更少(的),hungry,hunger,dislike,like,twice,two,once,least,little,less,15. _ n. 安康, _ adj. 安康的,_ adv.安康地,_ (反义词) adj.不安康的,16. _ n. 结果；后果,17. _ conj. 虽然；尽管；即使,18. _ prep. 以；凭借；穿过,19. _ adv. 在一起；共同,20. _ adv. 然而；不过,healthily,healthy,health,unhealthy,result,although,through,together,however,21. _,v,. 消失；灭亡；死亡, _,n,. 死；死亡,_ adj,. 死的；失去生命的,22. _,adv,. 几乎；差不多, _,adv.,几乎不；几乎没有,23. _,n.,得分；点,v.,指；指向,die,death,dead,point,almost,hardly,1. _ 到达,2. _ 至少；不少于；起码,3. _ 坏/好习惯,4. _ 因为,5. _对有好处,6. _ 决定做某事,7. _ 吃安康的早餐,8. _ 给的感觉；感受到,9. _,去野营/逛商店；购物,二短语,at least,bad / good habits,because of,be good for,decide to do sth.,feel like,go camping / shopping,arrive in,eat a healthy breakfast,10. _上网,11. _去夏令营,12. _,去海滩/爬山,13. _去看牙医,14. _几乎从不,15. _上钢琴课,16. _帮助做家务,17. _在过去,go online,go to summer camp,go to the beach/ mountains,go to the dentist,hardly ever,have piano lessons,help with housework,in the past,18. _垃圾食品,19. _记日记,20. _继续做某事,21. _少于,22. _看地图,23. _多于,24. _大局部时间,25. _当然；自然,26. _ 旧习难改,27. _相当多；不少,28. _待在家,junk food,keep a diary,keep doing sth.,less than,look at the map,more than,most of the time,of course,quite a few,stay at home,Old habits die hard.,29. _备考,30. _例如；像这样,31. _摇摆舞,32. _洗牙,33. _,这个问题的答案,34. _山顶,35. _尝试做某事,36. _一周两次,37. _等候；等待,study for tests,such as,swing dance,teeth cleaning,the answer to the question,the top of the hill,try doing sth.,twice a week,wait for,1. Where did . go on vacation,. went to .,去哪儿度假了？,去了。,2. How do / does . like .,觉得怎么样？,三 句型,3. There is / was nothing (much) to do but do sth.,除了做外，没有什么可做的。,4. . feel(s) like (that) .,感觉像,5. I wonder . 我想知道,6. What do / does . usually do on weekends,周末通常做什么？,7. How often do / does . watch TV,多久看一次电视？,8. . be surprised that . 惊讶,9. The best way to do sth. is through .,做某事的最正确方式是通过,10. Do sth. before its too late.尽早做某事。,核心要点,1. seem,【归纳】,作动词，“好似；似乎；看来。,(1) “It seem+ that引导的从句 表示“看来.,(2) seem to do sth. 意为“似乎做某事。,(3) “seem (+to be) +adj.意为“看上去。,(4) “seem+n.意为“看起来,一单词,【运用】完成英语句子，每空一词。,1)我似乎不能放松。,I cant _ _ _.,2)每个人似乎都很忙。,Everyone _ _ _ _.,3)似乎有人来过我的房间。,It _ _ someone came to my room.,seems that,seem to relax,seems to be busy,2. enough,【归纳】,adj. “足够的；充足的。修饰名词时，可于名词前，也可位于名词后。,adv. “足够地；充分地，修饰形容词或副词，放在被修饰词之后。,【拓展】,. enough to .“足够可以。,【运用】.单项选择。,The dining hall is _ to hold 300 people.,enough big,B. enough small,C. small enough,D. big enough,.完成英语句子，每空一词。,1)你有足够的钱买衣服吗？,Do you have _ _ to buy clothes,2)我弟弟年龄足够大可以上学了。,My brother is _ _ _ go to school.,old enough,enough money,to,3. full,【归纳】,“忙的，同义词为busy。,“满的，反义词为empty (空的)。,“吃饱了的，其反义词为hungry。,【运用】选出以下句子中full的含义。,A.忙的,B.满的,C.吃饱了的,( ) (1) Her life was so full that she found no time for hobbies.,( ) (2) No more for me, thanks Im full.,( ) (3) Do you want a full cup of tea or half a cup,B,A,C,4. although,【归纳】,连词，“虽然；尽管；即使，常用来引导让步状语从句。注意：在表示“虽然但是时，although与but不能用在同一个句子中。,【运用】.单项选择。,_ Bob is very tall, _ he cant play basketball.,A. / ; but B. Although; but,C. Because; so D. / ; although,.汉译英。,虽然他们没有钱，但他们很快乐。,_,_,Although they dont have money, theyre very happy.,5. hardly,【归纳】,adv. 几乎不；几乎没有。hardly为频度副词，表示否认意义。常与ever构成短语hardly ever，“几乎不。,2021 重庆,I could _ hear what you said just now. Could you please say it again,A. sometimes B. always,C. hardly D. clearly,C,6. maybe,【归纳】,adv. “大概；或许；可能。常用于句首，作状语。,【辨析】maybe & may be,maybe: 副词，“也许，同义词为perhaps，常用于句首，作状语。,may be: “也许是，情态动词+be动词，句中作谓语。,7. anyone,【归纳】,pron. “任何人。指人的符合不定代词，在,句中可作主语或宾语，一般用在否认句或,疑问句中。当它被形容词修饰时，形容词,位于其后。,【拓展】someone也是由-one构成的复合不定,代词，someone意为“某人；有人，通常用,在肯定句中。,8. few,【归纳】,adj. & pron. “不多；很少。作形容词时，用,来修饰可数名词，此时few作定语；few作代,词时，可以作主语或宾语。,【拓展】,quite a few意为“相当多；不少，相当于,many, 用来修饰可数名词复数。,词条,意义,用法,few,很少；几乎没有,表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。,a few,几个；一些,表示肯定意义，修饰可数名词复数。,little,很少；几乎没有,表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。,a little,一点；一些,表示肯定意义，修饰不可数名词。,【辨析】few, a few, little与a little,2021 云南, Can you speak Chinese, Steve, Yes, only _. I have been in China,for only one month.,A. few B. a few C. little D. a little,D,9. decide,【归纳】,v. 决定；选定，decide to do sth.意为“决定做,某事。,【拓展】,decide的名词形式为decision, 意为“决定，常,构成短语make a decision, 意为“作出决定。,【运用】,我决定去北京度假。,I _ _ _ to Beijing for vacation.,decide to go,10. least,【归纳】,adv. “最小；最少。adj. & pron. 最小的；最,少的,least是little的最高级，little的比较级是less。,【拓展】,at least是固定搭配，意为“至少；不少于。,【运用】,他花了至少两个小时完成了那个工程。,He spent _ _ two hours finishing the project.,at least,11. health,【归纳】,n. “安康；人的身体或精神状态。,health作不可数名词。常见搭配：in good,health身体安康; in poor health身体不安康,【拓展】health的派生词,healthy adj. 安康的 keep/ stay healthy 保持健,康,healthily adv. 安康地 unhealthy adj. 不安康的,【运用】,1) 用所给词的适当形式填空,If you want to stay _ (health), you should stay away from junk food.,2) 根据汉语意思完成句子,我希望你身体安康。,I hope you are _ _ _.,healthy,in good health,12. die,【归纳】,v. “消失；灭亡；死亡。作不及物动词，是,短暂性动词，不能和时间段搭配。,【拓展】 “死亡的不同词性,die v. 去世；死亡,dead adj. 死的；死亡的,反义词：alive adj. 活着的,death n. 死亡；逝世,【注意】假设表示“死了多长时间要用延续性的,be dead。,【运用】,1) 根据汉语意思完成句子,他叔叔十年前去世的。,His uncle _ 10 years _.,2) 单项填空,Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many years; he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people.,A. died B. was died C. has been died,D. has been dead,died ago,D,13. mind,【归纳】,n. “头脑；心智。,【拓展】,mind还可也能作动词，意为“介意，其后假设,跟动词, 只能跟动词-ing形式。mind doing,sth.意为“介意做某事。,2021 青岛,The movie is so interesting. I dont _ seeing it again tomorrow.,A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. finish,B,14. through,【归纳】,prep. “以；凭借；穿过,作“凭借；通过方法或手段讲时，其后,常接名词或动词-ing形式。,【辨析】through与across,两词均为介词，意为“穿过：,through指从空间内部穿过，across指从物体,外表穿过。,【运用】,用through或across填空,(1) Go _ the bridge and turn left.,(2) The group walked _ the forests.,(3) Lin Tao walked _ the hall and,went into the library.,(4) The man swam _ the Yangtze,River last year.,across,through,across,through,1. be good for .,对有好处,【拓展】,be good with .“善于应付的。,be good at . “擅长于。,二短语,【运用】介词填空。,1) English is my favorite subject, and I am good _ it.,2) Fresh fruit and vegetables are good _ you.,3) My mom is good _ old people.,at,for,with,2. feel like,【归纳】,“给的感觉；感受到；感觉好似，后面可跟名词(短语)或句子。,“想(要)；愿意，其后可接名词(短语)或动词-ing形式。feel like (doing) sth.与would like (to do) sth.和want (to do) sth.同义。,【运用】.选出句子中划线局部的含义。,A.感受到；感觉好似 B.想(要)；愿意,( ) 1. Hefeels likesome noodles for lunch.,( ) 2. The boyfelt likehis leg was broken.,.句型转换，每空一词。,I feel like going for a walk this afternoon. (改为同义句),I _ _ go for a walk this afternoon.,B,A,want to,3. because of,【归纳】,“因为，由于，为介词短语，后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。because“因为，为连词，后跟句,子，构成原因状语从句。,【运用】用because和because of填空。,He cant buy that house with a garden _ its too expensive.,2) The train was late _ the heavy fog (,雾,).,because,because of,4. stay up,“熬夜。,【拓展】 up相关短语：,bring up 抚养 give up 放弃,grow up 长大 look up 查阅,put up 搭起；张贴 set up 成立,turn up 开大；调高 wake up 吵醒,【运用】单项选择。,Tom, whats wrong with you You look tired.,Oh, I _ late to watch a football game last night. I slept for only two hours.,A. gave up B. looked up,C. set up D. stayed up,5. such as,“例如；像这样，用在举例时。,【拓展】such as & for example,such as: 用于列举同类人或物中的“几个例子。,for example: 用于列举同类人或物中的“一个例子。可以位于句首、句中或句末。,【运用】,我去过许多城市，比方，法语和英语。,I have been to many cities, _ _ Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou.,such as,1. Its . (for sb.) to do sth.,(对某人来说)做某事。如：,Its difficult (for me) to,play the game.,【运用】单项选择。,Dale is smart. Its easy for him _ to,drive.,A. learns B. to learn C. learning,三句式,2. Did you go out with anyone,你和别人出去了吗？,本句是行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句，需要借助于助动词did, 并将其提前，而且其后要用动词原形。如：,Did you go to the museum last week,Yes, we did.,3.,I wonder what,life was like here in the past.,我想知道这里过去的生活是什么样子的。,这是含有宾语从句的复合句，what life was like here in the past是宾语从句，作动词wonder的宾语。宾语从句要用陈述句。如：,We all want to know,where,he comes from.,【运用】单项选择。,Can you tell me _ to London,Sure. Next month.,A. when you will travel,B. when will you travel,C. when you traveled,D. when did you travel,4. What a difference a day makes!,一天的差异真大啊！,这是一个感慨句。中心词是名词difference，应用what引导。假设感慨词的中心词是形容词或副词，应用how引导。如：,How clever the girl is!,How fast Jim is running!,【运用】单项选择。,1) _ important it is for kids to,imagine freely!,A. What B. What a,C. What an D. How,2) Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July.,Really _ exciting news!,A. How B. What an C. What,不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有：some, any, many, much, both, all, either, neither, none, few, little, a few, a little, one, each, no, other, the other, others, the others, another及由some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词(something, anything, everything, nothing, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one)。,不定代词,语法,1. some和any均表示“一些，既可代替或修饰可数名词复数，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。,some及some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any及any构成的复合不定代词一般用于否认句或疑问句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定答复或表达请求、建议时应用some及some构成的复合不定代词。,no构成的复合不定代词表示否认意义。如：,There are some apples in the basket.,Is there anyone in the classroom,Would you like something to drink,I know nothing about the film.,2. many和much均表示“很多，,many只代替或修饰可数名词复数，much只代替或修饰不可数名词。如：,Many (of the) girls like singing.,He has already finished much (of his) homework.,3. both“两者都，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；all“三者或三者以上都，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；either“两者中的任何一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；neither“两者都不，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；none“三者或三者以上中任何一个都不。none与可数名词复数连用或所指的是可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。,如：,Both ideas are good.,All,of them agree with me.,Either,of the books is worth reading.,Neither,of you is good at singing.,None,of the students is / are going to the park.,4. few与a few是一对反义词，代替或修饰可数名词复数；little与a little也是一对反义词，代替或修饰不可数名词。few和little“很少；几乎没有，侧重“否认的含义；a few和a little“有一些，侧重“肯定的含义。,如：,It is raining, but I still see a few people in the street.,He is very hungry now, because he had little food this morning.,Can you speak English,Yes, but a little.,5. one指代人或物，如果所指代的人或物是复数，那么用ones来表达。如：,I like red roses better than white ones.,6. each指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“每一个，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：,Each of the pictures on the wall is very beautiful.,7. other, the other, others, the others和another都有“别的；其他的意思。,other不能单独使用，常用来修饰可数名词复数；the other指两者中的另一个；others相当于“other+可数名词复数，泛指其他一些人或物，常与some连用，构成some . others .构造；the others表示同类中剩余的全部；another强调同类中的“另一个；又一个。,如：,I have two backpacks.,One,is red, and,the other,is blue.,There are thirty students in our class. Twenty of them went to the zoo, and,the others,visited the park.,I dont like this hat. Please show me,another,.,8.由some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：,Somebody wants to see you, sir.,Is everyone here today,9.当形容词、else或动词不定式修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，一般位于复合不定代词的后面。如：,I have something important to tell you.,Is there anything else you want me to do,【中考链接】,( ) 1. _ knowledge and experience are,important to finish that task. (2021 上海),A. Either B. Neither C. None D. Both,( ) 2. Can I come today or tomorrow,_ is OK. Im busy today and,tomorrow. (2021 山东青岛),A. Either B. Neither C. Each D. None,( ) 3. There are fifty students in Class One.,Twenty of them are boys; _ are,girls. (2021 呼和浩特),A. the other B. the others,C. others D. another,( ) 4. Would you like some milk or coffee, sir,_. Just a class of water, please.,(2021 湖北襄阳),A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None,( ) 5. What a bad day!,Everyone has one of those days when,_ goes right. (2021 河南),A. nothing B. anything C. everything,D. something,( ) 6. Which city would you like to live in,Beijing or Shanghai,_. Id like to choose Kunming.,(2021 云南),A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None,( ) 7. When are we going to see the movie,ZooTopia, this afternoon or tonight, _ is OK. Im free today.,(2021 湖北宜昌),A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All,( ) 8. There is _ juice in the fridge. Lets,go and buy some. (2021 江苏淮安),A. few B. a few C. little D. a little,( ) 9. Therere four bedrooms in the,house, _ with its own shower.,Thats what I want. Ive got a few,kids. (2021 湖北武汉),A. either B. neither C. each D. none,选择恰当的不定代词填空。,A. some / any,1. Are there _ oranges on the,tree,No, there arent.,2. I have _ questions to ask you.,any,some,B. other / the other / others / the others / another,1. What _ things can you see in the picture,2. I have two pens. One is red, and _ is black.,3. There are only five students in the,classroom. Where are _,other,the other,the others,4. There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking; some are enjoying the flowers; _ are boating.,5. The sweater is too small for me. Would you show me _ one,others,another,C. many / much / (a) few / (a) little,1. There are so _ books to read and so _ work to do. Its terrible.,2. The text is so difficult that _ of us can understand it.,3. Theres _ meat in the fridge. Will you go and buy some,4. I can stay here for only _ time, but Ill come again in _ days.,many,much,few,little,a little,a few,D. all / both / none / neither,1. It rained heavily this morning, but _ of us was late for school.,2. _ of his parents are doctors. They work in the same hospital.,3. _ of my friends came to see me when I was ill. I was very happy.,4. Which of the two dictionaries do you like,better,I like _, because theyre not useful.,none,Both,All,neither,E. each / either,1. _ of the five children got a nice present on Childrens Day.,2. Which of the two shirts do you want,_ is OK.,Each,Either,表示频繁程度的副词叫作频度副词。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。,常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always (总是)usually (通常)often (经常)sometimes (有时)hardly ever (几乎从不)never (从不)。,频度副词,频度副词的位置：常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如often，sometimes等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。如：,Mike usually takes a shower before going to bed.,She is always late for everything.,Joe sometimes writes to me.,Sometimes Joe writes to me.,Joe writes to me sometimes.,对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，“多久一次。如：,My fatherhardly everplays soccer. (对划线局部提问),How often does your father play soccer,How often do you go shopping,Three times a month.,【运用】.单项选择。,1. Well have to say goodbye, my dear friends! But I will _ forget the days we spend together. (2021 重庆A卷),A. always B. often C. never D. usually,2. Joan has made great progress in speaking,Chinese., She _ works hard at it, you know.,(2021 福建),A. never B. seldom C. always,3. Would you like some green tea, No, thanks. I _ drink green tea.,It hurts my stomach. (2021 南京),A. almost B. seldom,C. only D. still,4. Can you catch what the speaker is,saying, Tina, Sorry. He speaks so fast that I can _,understand him. (2021 湖北襄阳),A. nearly B. hardly,C. probably D. exactly,.汉译英。,1.我爸爸不常喝茶。,_,2.凯特(Kate)多久去一次图书馆？,_,How often does Kate go to the library,My father doesnt often drink tea.,一、情感 (Emotions),1.快乐 (Happiness),How wonderful / nice!,Thats lovely / great / wonderful!,Im so happy.,Im pleased to know that.,交际用语,2.惊奇(Surprise),Really,Oh dear!,Is that so,What a surprise!,How surprising!,Im surprised!,Does that surprise you,二、频度(Frequency),A. How often does your mother go shopping,B. She goes shopping three times a week.,She never / seldom / sometimes / usually / always goes shopping.,【运用】,.根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项,不全对话。,A. There are many different vitamins (维生素) in,them.,B. And I go to bed early every night.,C. I often exercise these days.,D. I have a swimming class every Saturday.,E. Im pleased to hear that.,A: Hi, Kelly. You look healthier than before.,B: Oh, really (1) _ I like sweet,snacks but I dont eat them anymore. Now,I eat lots of fruit and vegetables. I am a,member of the Get Fit Club.,E,A: Whats your favorite fruit,B: Apples. (2) _,A: Yes, youre right. I also like apples very much. By the way, do you exercise,B: Yes. (3) _,C,A,A. There are many different vitamins (维生素) in,them.,B. And I go to bed early every night.,C. I often exercise these days.,D. I have a swimming class every Saturday.,E. Im pleased to hear that.,A: Whats your favorite sport,B: Swimming. (4) _,A: Er . How long do you watch TV every day,B: About two hours. (5) _,A: Good. You really have a healthy lifestyle!,D,B,A. There are many different vitamins (维生素) in,them.,B. And I go to bed early every night.,C. I often exercise these days.,D. I have a swimming class every Saturday.,E. Im pleased to hear that.,.根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的句,子，使对话完整、通顺。,A: Hi, Jessica. Long time no see. (1) _,B: Last month Oh, I was in Australia.,A: Really (2),_,B: Yes, I went there for a vacation.,A: That sounds great. (3) _,Where were you last month,Did you go there for a vacation,How did you go there,B: I went there by ship.,A: Did you go there by yourself,B: (4) _. I went there with my uncle. He found a job there.,A: (5) _,_,B: It was cold. You know it was winter in the north of the earth.,How was the weather there /,What was the weather like there,No, I didnt,巩固练习,.根据句意及提示，写出所缺单词。,1. We had a lot of fun _ (活动) during the vacation.,2. It _ (似乎) that they have already known the news.,3. How often do you do _ (家务劳动) at home,activities,seems,housework,4. I dont like chores. _ (然而),I have to do some at home.,5. Lets go shopping _ (一起) this afternoon.,6. Jim and Tim are twin brothers, but th