生物医学工程专业英语课件

,*,*,ProfessionalEnglishforStudentsof,BiomedicalEngineeringDepartment,专业英语,1,翻译软件：,1.,金山词霸,2.,科技大词典,3.google,上课主要内容：,1,、专业文献的阅读，从中掌握一些专业词汇,2,、撰写英文简历的技巧,上课形式：,分组讨论,考试形式：,开卷,评分标准：,1.,上课表现,2.,考试成绩,2,（一）医学仪器的限制条件,（二）医学仪器的研制过程,（三）仪器的静态特性,（四）广义的仪器系统,（五）可选择的工作方式,（六）生物医学仪器的分类,第一章 医学仪器的基本原理,3,4,表,1.1,医学和生理学参数,P10,5,6,1.12,生物医学仪器的开发过程,7,8,1.2,广义的仪器系统,functional components,功能部件,dashed lines,虚线,living tissue,活组织，活体,measurand,被测对象,physical quantity,物理量,blood pressure,血压,electrocardiogram potential,心电电位,infrared radiation,红外辐射,tissue sample,组织切片,anatomical structure,解剖结构,diaphragm,膜片,sensing element,敏感元件,strain gage,应变电阻片,sensitivity,灵敏度,9,signal conditioning,信号调节,match the impedance,阻抗匹配,repetitive signals,周期信号,time domain,时间领域，时域,frequency domain,频率领域，频域,Doppler ultrasonic,多普勒超声波,calibration signal,校准信号,signal conditioner,信号调节器,processing schemes,数据处理电路,conventional principle,一般原理,auxiliary elements,辅助部分,10,1.3,可选择的工作方式,thoracic,胸廓,plethysmography,体积描记法,respiratory gas flow,呼吸气流流量,objective of the measurement,测量位置,generating sensor,发生传感器,modulating sensor,调制传感器,photovoltaic cell,光生伏打电池,photoconductive cell,光导电池,11,analog-to-digital converter,模数变换器,digital-to- analog converter,数模变换器,indirect digital sensor,间接数字传感器,quasi-digital sensor,准数字传感器,beat-to-beat heart,心率,real-time,实时,delayed-time,延时,cell culture,细胞培养,12,1.5,生物医学仪器的分类,quantity that is sensed,转换参数,organ system,生理系统,clinical medicine,临床医生,resistive,电阻的,inductive,电感的,capacitive,电容的,ultrasonic,超声波的,electrochemical,电化学的,cardiovascular,心血管,pulmonary,肺,nervous,神经,endocrine,内分泌,Pediatrics,儿科学,Obstetrics,产科学,Cardiology,心脏病学,Radiology,放射学,blood pressure,血压,13,1.9,广义的静态特性,interfering input,干扰输入信号,modifying input,变形输入信号,characteristics of instrument performance,仪器工作特性,Static characteristics,静态特性,Dynamic characteristics,动态特性,differential equation,微分方程,integral equation,积分方程,accuracy,精度,precision,精密度,resolution,分辨力,reproducibility,重复性,statistical control,统计控制,statistical analysis,统计分析法,multiple measurement,多次测量,static sensitivity,静态灵敏度,zero drift,零点漂移,intercept,截距,manufacturing misalignment,制造误差,14,ambient temperature,环境温度,hysteresis,滞后现象,vibration,振动,shock,冲击,sensitivity drift,灵敏度变化,manufacturing tolerance,制造公差,electrocardiograph,心电图,input ranges,输入信号的量程,minimal resolvable,最小可分辨,normal linear operating range,额定的线性工作范围,maximal operating range,最大的工作量程,storage condition,储存条件,input impedance,输入阻抗,phasor,矢量,steady-state sinusoidal,稳态正弦,effort input variable,作用力输入变量,flow input variable,流速输入变量,velocity,速度,flow,流速,15,第二章 基本传感器及其原理,（一）位移测量方法,（二）电阻式传感器,（三）电感式传感器,（四）电容式传感器,（五）压电式传感器,（六）温度测量,（七）热电偶,（八）热敏电阻,16,前言,physiological event,生理活动,resistance,电阻,inductance,电感,capacitance,电容,electromagnetic-radiation sensor,电磁辐射传感器,17,2.1,位移测量方法,blood vessel,血管,heart valve,心脏瓣膜,microphone diaphragm,微音器膜片,heart murmur,心脏杂音,18,2.2,电阻式传感器,conducting-plastic,导电树脂,ceramic,陶瓷的,mandrel,卷筒,card,芯线,frictional,摩擦力的,inertial,惰性的,dynamic distortion,动态失真,resistivity,电阻率、电阻系数,nanometer,纳米,derivation,推导,mechanical coefficient,机械系数,19,substitute,代替，替代,lattice,点阵,gage factor,应变系数,temperature compensation,温度补偿,armature,衔铁,translational motion,平移运动,vacuum-deposited film,真空沉积薄膜,dummy element,虚拟元件,20,2.3,电桥电路,voltage divider,分压器,null-balance,零平衡,deflection-balance,偏转平衡,adjustment,调整器,21,2.4,电感式传感器,effective permeability,有效导磁率,self-inductance,自感,mutual-inductance,互感,differential transformer,差动变压器,parallel connection,并联,dielectric properties,介电特性,22,2.5,电容式传感器,dielectric constant,介电常数,neutral point,中点,23,2.6,压电式传感器,electric potential,电势，电压,physical deformation,机械变形,crystal lattice,晶格,negative and positive charges,正负电荷,leakage resistance,漏电阻,induced charge,感应电荷,barium titanate,钛酸钡,crystallographic orientation,晶向,longitudinal compression,轴向压力,transversal compression,横向压力,shear action,剪切作用,24,2.7,温度测量,in shock,休克中,loss of fluids,失水,anesthesia,麻醉,thermal regulatory center,体温调节中枢,hypothermia,低温,metabolic process,新陈代谢作用,incubator,保温箱,ambient,环境,arthritis,关节炎,artifact,人为现象,oral-mucosa,口腔粘膜,fiber optic,光纤,25,第四章 生物电位,volume conductor fields,容积导体电场,4.1,可兴奋细胞的活动,bioelectric potential,生物电位,muscular,肌肉的,glandular,腺的,resting potential,静息电位,action potential,动作电位,lipoprotein complex,脂蛋白复合物,26,organic anion,有机阴离子,potassium ion,钾离子,sodium ion,钠离子,diffusion gradient,扩散梯度,anion,阴离子,charge separator,电荷分离器,unattenuated,不衰减,27,4.3,周围神经系统的功能组织,reflex arc,反射弧,CNS,中枢神经系统,central integrating station,中心综合站,motor nerve,运动神经,nerve trunk,神经干,effector organ,效应器官,knee jerk reflex,膝跳反射,patellar tendon,髌腱,muscle spindle,肌梭,synapse,突触,neuromuscular,神经肌肉的,end-plate region,终板区,neurotransmitter,神经递质,acetylcholine,乙酰胆硷,interstitial body fluid,间质体液,musculature,肌肉组织,tetanus,痉挛,titanic contraction,强直性收缩,28,4.4,神经电图,latency,等待时间，延搁时间,concentric needle electrode,同轴针电极,ulnar nerve,尺神经,field potential,电场电位,sural nerve,腓肠神经,polyphas,多相的,temporal dispersion,时间上的分散,29,4.5,肌电图,skeletal muscle,骨骼肌,volitional effort,意志努力,intersperse with,相交替,triphasic,三相,monopolar,单极,bipolar,双极,30,第五章 生物电位电极,5.6,体表记录电极,electrolyte soaked pad,导电膏,limb electrode,肢电极,terminal,接线柱,lead wire,引线,concave,凹的,polyvinyl chloride,聚氯乙烯,tack,粘贴剂,31,5.7,体内电极,percutaneous electrodes,经皮电极,electrolyte,电解液,electrolyte gel,导电膏,extracellular fluid,细胞外液,strainless steel,不锈钢,insulating varnish,绝缘漆,hypodermic,皮下的,subcutaneous,皮下的,cardioscope,心脏镜,32,5.8,微电极,electrolytic solution,电解液,electrolytic etching,电解腐蚀,cell,电解槽、电解池,stainless steel,不锈钢,platinum-iridium,铂铱合金,tungsten carbide,碳化钨,polymeric material,聚合材料,melting point,熔点,softening point,软化点,constriction,缩颈,silver-solder alloy,银焊料合金,platinum and silver alloys,铂合金和银合金,indium,铟,Woods metal,伍德合金,a deposited-metal-film,沉积金属薄膜,the order of tenths,十分之几,micropipet electrodes,玻璃吸管微电极,glass capillaries,玻璃毛细管,33,5.10,使用电极的心得,crimp,压褶,peen,捶打,half-cell potential,半电池电位,saturation effects,饱和效应,come off,脱落,tapered region,锥形,flexing forces,弯曲力,implantable electrodes,植入电极,high-fidelity,高保真度,34,第七章 血压和心音,physicians office,诊所,peripheral vascular system,周围血管系统,35,7.1,直接测量技术,catheter,导管,intravascular pressure sensor,血管内压力传感器,optoelectronic,电光器件,three-way stopcock,三通活拴,saline-heparin solution,肝素氯化钠液体,clot,凝结,hydraulic connection,传动液压,OD,外直径,electric drift,电气漂移,36,7.13,血压的间接测量法,palpation,触诊,systolic pressure,收缩压,palpable,可触摸的,stethoscope,听诊器,muffling,减音,diastolic pressure,舒张压,hypotensive patient,低血压病人,interposed tissue,中间组织,circumference of the extremity,肢体周长,hydrostatic,流体静力学的,energy distribution,能量分布,auscultation,听诊,37,第十一章 临床实验室仪器设备,clinical pathology,临床病理学,hematology,血液学,blood bank,血库,urine,尿,platelet,血小板,cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),脑脊液,coulter counter,库特粒细胞计数器,pathological microorganism,病理性微生物,semiautomatically,半自动地,antibiotic,抗生素,susceptibility test,灵敏性测试,in its infancy,刚刚开始,38,11.1,分光光度测定技术,spectrophotometry,分光光度测定技术,photometer,光度计,colorimeter,比色计,ultraviolet,紫外线,infrared,红外线,cuvette,比色皿,reagent,试剂,39,11.3,层析法,chromatology,色彩学，层析法,stationary phase,定态相,hormone,激素,overdose,配药过量,40,11.4,电泳技术,electrophoresis,电泳技术,isoenzyme,同工酶,centimeter,厘米,gel,凝胶体,electroendosmosis,电内渗,chromatography,色谱,barrier effect,势垒效应,wick flow,灯心流,streaming potential,流势,41,11.5,血液学,hematology,血液学,platelet,血小板,excretion,排泄,neutrophil,嗜中性白血球,lymphocyte,淋巴球,monocyte,单核白血球,eosinophil,嗜酸性白血球,basophil,嗜碱性白血球,hematocri,血球容积法,hemoglobin,血红蛋白,mean corpuscular volume,红细胞平均体积,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,红细胞的平均血红蛋白含量,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度,42,第十四章 电气安全,morbidity,发病率,mortality,死亡率,mucous membrane,黏膜,vermin,寄生虫,43,14.1,电的生理效应,threshold of perception,感觉阈值,let-go current,脱开电流,asphyxiation,窒息,ventricular fibrillation,心室纤颤,defibrillator,去颤器,44,14.4,宏电击危害,macroshock,宏电击,epidermis,表皮,horny layer,角质层,rectum,直肠,intravenous,静脉内的,ground wire,地线,receptacle,插座,hemodialysis,血液透析,45,14.5,微电击危害,stray capacitance,寄生电容,epicardial electrode,心外膜起搏电极,endocardial electrode,心内膜电极,intensive-care unit (ICU),危重护理病房,a central power-distribution panel,中心配电板,46,14.7,防止电击的基本方法,cost-benefit ratio,费用效益比,14.9,仪器保护装置的设计,molded plugs,模压插头,strain-relief,应力消除,isolation transformer,绝缘变压器,47,14.11,电气系统的检验,line voltage,线电压,retaining force,夹持力,equipotential,等电位,line-isolation monitor,线路绝缘监视器,14.12,电气仪器的检验,ground-pin,接地插脚,rms current,有效值电流,48,4.7,视网膜电图（,ERG,）,light-transmitting,透光,cornea,角膜,anterior chamber,前房,lens,晶状体,vitreous chamber,玻璃体腔,aqueous humor,房水,sclera,巩膜,choroid,脉络膜,retina,视网膜,solution material,溶质,glaucoma,青光眼,photoreceptor,光感受器,bipolar cells,双极细胞,49,horizontal cells,水平细胞,amacrine cells,无长突细胞,ganglion cells,节细胞，神经节细胞,optic disk,视神经盘,plexiform,丛状的,photopigment,光色素,rhodopsin,视紫质,vertebrate,脊椎动物,photolabile,对光不稳定,temple,颞部,earlobe,耳垂,electroretinogram(ERG),视网膜电图,early-receptor potential(ERP),早期感受器电位,photopigment,光色素,latency,潜伏期,50,