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第一部分基础考点聚焦 必修,4,栏目导引,基础盘点自测自评,考点串讲重点突破,跟踪训练夯实基础,单元检测同步探源,技法指导名师点津,第一部分基础考点聚焦 必修,4,.,单词拼写,根据音标及词义写出英文单词。,1,_,k,set,n,磁带,2,_ k,n,tI,n,n.,食堂,3,_ flaIt,n.,飞行；航班,4,_ t,i,k,n.,面颊,5,_ r,k,n.,等级；军衔,6,_ ,d,mItrI,n.,宿舍,7,_ d,v,i.,猛冲；突进,8,_ ,ri,t,v,t.,&,v,i.,迎接；问候,cassette,canteen,flight,cheek,rank,dormitory,dash,greet,9,_ ,reprI,zent,v,t.,代表；象征,10,_ h,v,t.,&,v,i.,拥抱,11,_ j,n,v,i.,打呵欠,12,_ f,ls,adj,.,错误的；假的,13,_ ,d,lt,；,d,lt,n.,成人,adj,.,成熟的,14,_ ,f,k,n,n.,作用,v,i,.,起作用,15,_ ,pr,t,v,&,n.,接近；走近,represent,hug,yawn,false,adult,function,approach,.,单词拓展,写出下列单词及其派生词。,1,_,v,t.,联想；联合,n,.,伙伴；同事,_,n.,社团；联系；联想,2,_,adj,.,好奇的,_,ad,v,.,好奇地,_,n.,好奇心,3,_,v,.,谈话；讲话,_,n.,发言,_,adj,.,口语的,associate,association,curious,curiously,curiosity,speak,speech,spoken,4,_,n.,防御；保卫,_,v,t.,保护；保卫,_,adj,.,防御的；保卫的,5,_,v,.,主修,adj,.,主要的,_,n.,大多数；大部分,6,_,v,t.,代表；象征,_,n.,代表,adj,.,典型的,defence,defend,defensive,major,majority,represent,representative,1,_,防御；保卫,以免受,2,_,相反地,3,_,舒适；快活；自由自在,4,_,背对；背弃,5,_,靠近；接近,6,_,很可能,；有希望,7,_,总的来说；通常,8,_,丢脸,9,_,好像,10,_,举起；升起；搭建；留宿,defend.against,on,the,contrary,at,ease,turn,ones,back,to,get,close,to,be,likely,to,in,general,lose,face,as,if,put,up,1,The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.,第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼,加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅,史密斯。,解读,to arrive,为不定式作后置定语。,仿写,王亚萍已成为第二个在太空工作的中国女宇航员。,Wang Yaping has become,_,in space.,the,second,Chinese,woman,astronaut,to,work,2,Not all cultures greet each other the same way,，,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.,各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。,解读,not,与,all,连用为部分否定。,仿写,并不是所有人都愿意做这项工作，它对于有些人来说太难了。,_,，,for it is quite hard for some of them.,Not,all,are,willing,to,do,such,work,3,However,，,people from places like Spain,，,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.,但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能,(,用身体,),接触对方。,解读,be likely to do sth.,“,有可能做某事,”,。,仿写,身体活跃的孩子更有可能成长为积极健康的成年人,.,Physically active children,_,become active and healthy adults.,are,more,likely,to,4,With so many cultural differences between people,，,it is great to have some similarities in body language.,既然人们之间有这么多的文化差异，因此在肢体语言间有这么多的相似之处真是了不起的。,解读,with,复合结构,仿写,随着高考临近，我们压力很大。,_,_,，,we are under great stress.,With,the,college,entrance,examinations,approaching/drawing,near,v,ing,形式作定语及状语,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。,1,_,(hear)their teachers voice,，,the pupils stopped talking at once.,2,.,He had been working on it,gradually_ (improve),his theory.,3,_,(live)in France for a long time,，,I know French very well.,Hearing,improving,Having,lived,4,Mary failed all her exams,，,_,(make)both her parents very angry.,5,The boy sat in front of the farmhouse,，,_,(cut)the branch.,making,cutting,Are you curious that adults never misunderstand their statements by gestures? They know what their major greetings represent,，,for example,，,in the dormitory or canteen.,1.represent,vt.,代表；描绘；表现；体现；象征,(,教材,P,26,)Yesterday,，,another student and I,，,representing our universitys student association,，,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.,昨天,，,我和另一个同学代表我们大学的学生会,，,到首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。,(,朗文,)Her greatest ambition was to represent her country at the Olympics.,她最大的愿望是代表自己的国家参加奥运会。,You should _the management.,你们应向管理阶层说明你们的不满。,represent,your,complaints,to,活用,选用上述词语填空,(1)The dove_ peace.,(2)Why do you_ the matter in this way?,(3)I suggest that we establish Mr.Jeffrey as our_,.,(4)A man_ a medical expert turned out to be a cheat.,(5)I_ the authorities,，,but received no answer.,represents,represent,representative,represented as/to be,made representations to,2.curious,adj.,好奇的；求知的；古怪的,(,教材,P,26,)After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive,I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.,等待了半个小时之后,，,我看到几个年轻人进入了等候区好奇地四处张望。,People gathered round,，,curious to know what is happening.,人们聚拢过来，很想知道发生了什么事情。,When I first walked into the network in the world,，,it is,_,我当初是抱着好奇心走进网络世界的。,with,curiosity,活用,用,curious,的相关词语完成下列小片段,John (1)_ see his uncle digging a hole under the bed and he asked him about it.But the answer could not (2)_,Then,，,(3)_,，,John walked into his uncle,s room to find the answer when his uncle was away.(4)_ he found his uncle buried a dead bird in the hole.,was curious to,satisfy his curiosity,out of curiosity,It was curious that,3.approach,vt.,&,vi.,建议；要求；接近；靠近,n,接近；方法；途径,(,教材,P,26,)Tony approached Julia,，,touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!,托尼走近朱莉娅,，,摸了摸她的肩,，,并亲了她的脸！,(1)approach sb.on sth.,就某事与某人洽谈,(,商量、交涉,),be approaching,快到了,(2)at the approach of,在快到,的时候,make approaches to sb.,设法接近某人,approach to (,做某事的,),方法,(2012,高考北京卷,书面表达,)It is true that he is approaching the end but he has been living a memorable life.,诚然，他正接近生命的尽头，但他一直过着一种有意义的生活。,The job market has changed and our _finding work must change as well.,就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。,approach,to,活用,一句多译,冬天临近，天气转冷。,(1)With winter_,，,the weather becomes cold.,(2)As winter_,，,the weather becomes cold.,(3)_ winter brings the cold weather.,approaching,is approaching,The approach of,4.defence,n,保卫，防卫,(,教材,P,26,)She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in defence.,她后退了几步,看上去有些吃惊,并举起了手,好像是在自卫。,(1)in defence (of.),为了保卫,(,),in sb.,s/sth.,s defence,为,辩护；在,的防备下,(2)defend sb./sth.from/against sb./sth.,保护某人,(,某物,),免受伤害；保卫某人,(,某物,),defend oneself against sth.,为自己辩护,He has employed one of the UK,s top lawyers to defend him.,他请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。,All the people,，,men and women,，,young and old,，,were fighting against the flood _their own homes.,所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。,in,defence,of,活用,用,defend,的适当形式填空,(1)We should _ our country against enemies.,(2)Humour is a more effective _ than violence.,(3)The newspaper _ her against the accusations.,defend,defence,defended,5.likely,adj.,预期的；可能的,(,教材,P,26,)However,，,people from places like Spain,，,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.,不过,，,来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方,，而且可能会,(,用身体,),接触对方。,(1)Its likely that.,Sb.be likely to do.,做某事是可能的,not likely(,表示坚决不同意,),绝不可能,，,绝对不会,(2)unlikely,adj,.,不大可能发生的,be likely/unlikely to.,很可能,/,不可能,It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.,如果继续吸烟，你很有可能会健康状况不佳。,You would _please others if you were not so outspoken.,如果你说话不那么毫无保留，你就可能使别人高兴些。,be,more,likely,to,易混辨析,likely,，,possible,，,probable,likely,possible,probable,是常用词,指从表面痕迹来看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说,sb./sth.be likely to do,;,Its likely that.,但是不可以说,It is likely for sb.to do.,。,强调客观上有可能,，,但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不可以是人,，,只能是用,it,作形式主语。构成,It is possible for sb.to do sth.,。,语气比,possible,强,，,含有,“,很有可能,，,十有八九,”,的意思。构成,It is probable for sb.to do sth.,。,活用,用上述词语填空,(1)Its_,，,though not_,，,that,，,he will accept these terms.,(2)Human infection with flu viruses from pigs are most_ to occur when people are in close proximity,(,接近,)to infected pigs.,possible,probable,likely,6.at ease,舒适；快活；自由自在,(,教材,P,30,)The most universal facial expression is,，,of course,，,the smile,its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.,微笑当然是最普遍使用的面部表情,它的作用是表示快乐和让人舒适。,(1)feel/look at ease,感到,/,看上去心情放松,put/set sb.at ones ease,使某人放松、松弛,(2)take ones ease,休息，放松一下,(3)with ease,轻易地，毫不费力地,When you feel nervous,，,you,d better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.,当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松一下。,(,牛津,)I never _completely _with him.,我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。,feel,at,ease,活用,用适当的介词填空,(1)Nurses do all they can to make patients feel _ ease.,(2)Im sure I can pass the exam _ ease.,(3)A smile is a sign that you are happy,，,which helps put people _ ease.,at,with,at,7.in general,总的来说；通常,(,教材,P,26,)In general,，,though,，,studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!,但总的来说,，,在当今文化交融的世界,，,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难！,(2012,高考大纲全国卷,阅读理解,)For example,，,in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.,比如在美洲文化中，微笑通常就是愉悦的表现。,To begin with,，,I,d like to tell _the importance of the work.,首先，我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。,in,brief/short,活用,写出画线词的同义词,(1),In general,，,German cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare._,(2)Jonathan says he,generally,gets in to work by 8,00._,Generally speaking,usually,1.(,教材,P,26,)The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,，,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.,第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼,加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅,史密斯。,to arrive,是不定式作后置定语。,当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、,next,，,only,last,等限定时,，,常用不定式作后置定语。,Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,，,and the first person to win it twice.,许多人都知道居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士，同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。,He is always _hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.,他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。,the,first,to,bear,易混辨析,close,，,closely,用于本义,，,表示,“,接近地,”,、,“,挨近地,”,、,“,紧紧地,”,，,两者都可用。,close,closely,通常放在动词之后,，,但在过去分词之前要用,closely,。,用于引申义,，,表示,“,仔细地,”,或,“,紧密地,”,，,通常用,closely,。,2.(,教材,P,26,)However,，,people from places like Spain,，,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.,但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能,(,用身体,),接触对方。,(1)Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.,Its likely that.,“,做某事是可能的,”,。,(2)probable,的常用句型：,It is probable that.,“,很可能,”,(3)possible,的常用句型：,It is possible(for sb.)to do sth./It is possible that.,“,(,某人,),可能做,”,(2013,高考湖北卷,阅读理解,)Adults of 65 and older,，,however,，,were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.65,岁及以上的成年人，然而，更可能低估了他们未来的生活满意度。,Its probable that they will come back next week.,他们很可能下周回来。,Do you think _the bank made a mistake,？你认为可能是银行犯了错误吗？,it,is,possible,that,完形填空解题技法之四,利用词汇复现法,复现有原词复现、同义词复现、反义词复现、同根词复现等。完形填空中,，,考生可以利用上下文的复现信息,，,确定正确的表达方式。做完形填空题绝不能离开上下文,，,要学会瞻前顾后,，,要做到词不离句、句不离段、段不离文。有时我们会发现,，,上文的答案在下文有提示,，,而下文的答案在上文中也有信息。,(2013,高考四川卷,),“,Look,，,it,s Baldy,！,”,A boy shouted in my direction across the playground.Even though I was used to regular insults(,侮辱,) because of the,11,on my head,，,it was,12,horrible to hear.I sighed as I headed back to the class.,When I was just 20 months old,，,I suffered serious,13,after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was,14,to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors,15,to save my life.,“,Holly,s very,16,to be alive,，,”,they told Mum and Dad.,“,But she,ll be 17 with scars on her head,，,and of course her hair won,t grow there.,”,As a child,，,I cared much about my scars,，,so I,18,wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home.,19,I didnt,，,people would call me horrible names like Baldy.Although my friends were always comforting me,，,they never,20,understood how it felt.,Then through the hospital I was,21,to a childrens burns camp,，,where children like me can get any help.There,，,I,22,14yearold Stephanie,，,whose burns are a lot more serious than mine.But she is so,23,that she never lets anyone put her down.,“,You shouldnt,24,what people say about what you look like because were not different from anyone else,，,Holly,，”,she,25,me.,“,And you dont need to wear a scarf because you look great,26,it,！,”,For the first time in my life I could speak to someone whod been through something,27,So weeks later,，,at my 13,th,birthday party,，,28,by her bravery,，,I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars.It felt amazing not having to,29,away behind my scarf.,Now,，,I am,30,of what I look like and much happier,，,because I have realized it is your personality (,个性,)that decides who you truly are.,11.A.hat,B,scarf,C,scars,D,cuts,12,A.still B,just,C,never D,seldom,13,A.hunger B,cold,C,defeats D,burns,14,A.rushed B,led,C,invited D,forced,15,A.learned B,fought,C,returned D,decided,16,A.happy B,lucky,C,lonely D,poor,17,A.pressed B,occupied,C,left D,painted,18,A.possibly B,usually,C,finally D,nearly,19,A.Although B,Since,C,If D,Before,20,A.correctly B,roughly,C,easily D,really,21,A.promoted B,introduced,C,reported D,carried,22,A.met B,recognized,C,remembered D,caught,23,A.honest B,strong,C,active D,young,24,A.write down B,agree with,C,pass on D,listen to,25,A.promised B,encouraged,C,ordered D,calmed,26,A.in B,for,C,without D,beyond,27,A.similar B,strange,C,hard D,important,28,A.allowed B,required,C,guided D,inspired,29,A.hide B,give,C,keep D,put,30,A.sick B,aware,C,tired D,proud,11,题利用词汇复现法选择答案,，,17,空后的,“,scars on her head”,和,“,I cared much about my scars”,暗示我头上有伤疤,(scars),，,故,C,项正确。,13,题利用词汇复现法选择答案。,21,空后,I was,introduced,to a childrens burns camp.,，,暗示此处,“,burns”,烫伤,，,符合语境。,【,文章大意,】,本文是一篇记叙文。全文记叙了作者因为烫伤,，,头上留下了疤痕,，,之后由自卑到乐观的心路历程。总体来说,，,本篇文章的知识点和选项分布科学、合理,，着重考查了考生在理解上下文的基础上，综合运用词汇的能力。设项以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出了词汇语境化，并注重了对语篇词的考查。,11,解析：选,C,。联系,_,17,_,空后的,with scars on her head,可知此处填,scars,“,疤痕,”,。,12,解析：选,A,。由第一句中的关键词,Baldy,“,秃子,”,和,Even though I was used to regular insults(,侮辱,),.,可知,，,即使我习惯了这类侮辱但是听起来,“,仍然,”,感到可怕。因此选,still,。,13,解析,:,选,D,。联系空后的,after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head,“,满满一碗热油倒在了我的头上后,”,可知此处填,burns,“,烫伤,”,。,hunger,饥饿；,cold,感冒；,defeat,挫败,，,战胜。,14,解析：选,A,。上文说满满一碗热油倒在了我的头上后,，我被严重烫伤了，所以我应该被迅速送往医院，因此此处填,rushed,。,rush sb.to hospital,将某人迅速送往医院,符合题意。,lead to,导致,，,通向；,invite.to.,邀请,去,;,force,强迫,其结构是,force sb.to do sth.,不能用,force sb.to some place,结构。,15,解析：选,B,。联系前文我烫伤后被迅速送往医院可知,，,医生应是尽全力抢救我的生命。故选,fought,。,fight to do sth.,意为,“,尽全力做某事,”,。,16,解析：选,B,。联系空后的,alive,可知我能活下来是很,“,幸运的,”,所以此处填,lucky,。,happy,“,高兴的,”,;,lonely,“,孤独的,”,;,poor,“,贫穷的,”,。,17,解析：选,C,。联系前后文可知,，,此处医生说,“,但她的头上将会留下伤疤,”,，,leave,“,留下,”,，,符合题意。,press,表示,“,按,，,压,”,；,occupy,表示,“,占用,(,空间、面积等,),”,；,paint,表示,“,油漆,，,绘画,”,。,18,解析：选,B,。由空前的,I cared much about my scars,可知,我非常在意我的伤疤,，,因此我通常戴围巾盖住伤疤。所以此处填,usually,“,通常地,”,。,A,项,“,可能,”,；,C,项,“,最后,”,；,D,项,“,几乎,，,接近,”,。,19,解析：选,C,。联系前一句句意和空后的,people would call me horrible names like Baldy,“,人们将会叫我像,秃子,这样可怕的名字,”,可知此处表示条件。故选,C,项。,20,.,解析,:,选,D,。本句句意：尽管我的朋友们总是安慰我,，,可是他们从来都不能真正理解我的感受。所以,really,“,真正地,”,符合题意。,A,项,“,准确地,”,；,B,项,“,粗糙地,，,粗略地,”,；,C,项,“,容易地,”,。,21,解析：选,B,。此处表示：通过医院我被,“,介绍,”,去参加有烫伤的孩子们的露营。,introduce,“,介绍,”,符合题意。,promote,促进；,report,报告；,carry,拿,，,搬运。,22,解析：选,A,。结合前面的一句及后文对,Stephanie,的介绍可知,，,在露营里我,“,遇见,”,了,Stephanie,，,而不是,recognize,“,认出,”,，,remember,“,记住,”,或,catch,“,抓住,”,。,23,解析：选,B,。由空后的,she never lets anyone put her down,“,她从不会让任何人将她打倒,”,可知,，此处应表示她,(,内心,),非常,strong,“,强大,”,。,24,解析：选,D,。联系空后的,what people say about what you look like,“,人们所说的关于你长得什么样的话,”,可知,，,此处应填,listen to,“,听,”,。,write down,写下；,agree with,同意；,pass on,传递。,25,解析：选,B,。联系该空前后,Stephanie,所说的话可知,，,她是在鼓励,(encourage),我。所以,B,项符合题意。,promise,许诺,;,order,命令；,calm,使平静。,26,解析：选,C,。联系空前的,dont need to wear a scarf,“,不必戴围巾,”,可知,，,此处用,without,“,没有,，,无,”,。,27,解析：选,A,。本句表示：我是第一次和与我有,_,经历的人说话。由该段前面的叙述可知,，,此处填,similar,“,相似的,”,作后置定语,，,修饰不定代词,something,。,strange,奇怪的；,hard,艰难的；,important,重要的。,28,解析：选,D,。联系空后的,by her bravery,，,I gave up my scarf,可知我被她的勇敢所,“,鼓舞,”,，,我不再戴围巾。,inspire,“,鼓舞,”,符合题意。,allow,允许；,require,要求；,guide,带领。,29,解析：选,A,。结合前文的,“,我不再戴围巾了,”,可知,，,此处表示,“,不必躲藏在我的围巾下的感觉太神奇了,”,。,hide away,躲藏,，,隐藏,，,符合题意。,give away,赠送,，,泄露；,keep away,防范,，,不接近；,put away,储存,，,放好。,30,解析：选,D,。联系后文,“,我已经意识到是个性决定你真正是谁,”,可知,，,此处表示,“,我现在以我的长相而自豪并且更加开心,”,。,be proud of,以,而自豪,，,符合题意。,be sick of,厌恶；,be aware of,知道；,be tired of,对,厌倦。,
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