Rheology Modifiers For Decorative Latex Paints

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Evy Krisnawaty,Technical Service Specialist - Paint,.,Rheology ModifiersFor Decorative Latex Paints,Contents,1. Paint & Coatings,2. Rheology,3. Classes of Rheology Modifier,- Cellulosic Thickeners,- Associative Thickeners,4. Competitors,1. Paint & Coatings,Coating,- A liquid composition that is converted to a solid,protective,decorative, or,functional,adherent film,after application as a thin layer.,Paint,- A,pigmented,coating which is converted to an,opaque,film after application.,Architectural Coating,- A coating intended for,on-site application,to interior or exterior surfaces of residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial,buildings,.,Paint & Coatings,Pigment-Binder Relationship,PVC,Pigment,Volume,Concentration,PVC =,Pigment Volume,Pigment Volume + Binder Volume,Paint & Coatings,PVC,High,Low,High Hiding,Low Gloss,Poor Durability,Low Hiding,High Gloss,Good Durability,Pigment Volume Concentration,Substrate,Pigment,Binder,Void,Paint & Coatings,Paint Ingredients:,Water,Pigment / Extenders,Film Former,Additives : dispersant, surfactant, defoamer, biocide, coalescing agent, co-solvent, rheology modifier,Paint & Coatings,Primary or,Hiding,Pigments,Opacity,Film Hardness,Durability,Extender Pigments,Economy/Space Filling,Hiding Contribution,Film Hardness,Durability,Calcium Carbonate,Clay,Silica,Talc,Titanium Dioxide,Zinc Oxide,Paint & Coatings,Film Former,Binds Pigments to Substrate,Protects Substrate,Architectural Latex Paint Binder Chemistries,1.,Vinyl Acrylic,2.,Vinyl Acetate Ethylene (VAE),3. Vinyl Acetate-VeoVa,4. Acrylic,5. Styrene Acrylic,Paint & Coatings,Surfactants,Pigment Wetting,Substrate Wetting,Latex Stabilization,Colorant Stabilization,Nonionic,Nonylphenol Ethoxylates,Anionic,Alkyl Sulfosuccinates,Amphoteric,Water-Dispersible Lecithin,Paint & Coatings,Dispersants,Pigment Dispersion,Polyphosphate,KTPPK,5,P,3,O,10,TKPPK,4,P,2,O,7,Calgon,Na,n,(PO,3,),n,Polyacrylate,Tamol, Colloid, Byk,Dispex, Nopcosperse,Amino Alcohol,AMP-95,Paint & Coatings,Co-solvent,Anti-Freeze,Control Drying,Workability,Coalescence,Flow,Touch Up,Ethylene Glycol,Propylene Glycol,Paint & Coatings,Coalescing Agents,Film Formation,Touch Up,Glycol Ethers,Butyl Carbitol,Ester Alcohols,Texanol,Ucar,Filmer IBT,Paint & Coatings,Defoamers,Defoam/Deaerate,Silicone Oils,Non-Silicone,Alcohols,Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid EstersPhosphate Esters,Metallic Soaps,Paint & Coatings,Preservatives,*Prevent in-can spoilage,Prevent mildew,Isothiazoline-One,*,Proxel,GXL,*,Kathon,LX,Skane,M-8,Oxazolidine,*,Nuosept,95,Carbamate,*,Troysan,Polyphase,Zinc Oxide,ZnO,Paint & Coatings,Thickeners/Rheology Modifiers,Viscosity/Thickening,Pigment Suspension,Syneresis Resistance,Sag Resistance,Film Build,Applicator Loading,Workability,Cellulosic,HEC, EHEC, MC, HMHEC, HMEHEC,Synthetic,Ionic (HASE), Nonionic (HEUR/HMPE),Clay,Attapulgite, Bentonite,Paint & Coatings,Paint TypePVC, %60 GlossExtenders,Interior,Flat40-800-10Yes,Sheen30-403-20Yes,Semi-Gloss20-3530-70Yes/No,Gloss2070-85No,High Gloss85No,Exterior,Flat35-550-15Yes,Satin30-4010-20Yes,Trim20-3030-70Yes/No,Gloss2070No,Things can be wrong,Fading,Dirt Pick Up,Things can be wrong,Brush Mark,Roller Mark,Things can be wrong,Hiding Power,Sagging,Things can be wrong,Efflorescence,Blistering,Things can be wrong,Alkali Resistance,Foam Cratering,2. Paint - Rheology,Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,Viscosity,Shear Rate,Newtonian Flow,Viscosity is independent,of shear rate.,Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,Viscosity,Shear Rate,Pseudoplastic Flow,Viscosity decreases with,increasing shear rate.,Shear,Thinning,Types of Viscous Flow,Paint - Rheology,Thixotropy,Time-dependence of viscosity loss and recovery,Viscosity,vs,Time,Viscosity,Time,Constant,Shear,Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,Viscosity,Shear Rate,Ramping Shear,Up and Down,Thixotropic,Loop,Types of Viscous Flow,Paint - Rheology,Plastic Flow,Little or no deformation occurs until a certain minimum level of stress, called a,yield stress,or,yield value, is exceeded.,Shear Stress,vs,Shear Rate,Shear Stress,Shear Rate,Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,Viscosity,Shear Rate,Types of Viscous Flow,Paint - Rheology,Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,Viscosity,Shear Rate,Dilatent Flow,Viscosity Increases with Increasing Shear Rate.,Shear,Thickening,Types of Viscous Flow,3. Classes of Rheology Modifiers,Paint properties are,predominantly,controlled by binder type.,Within the additives group the,Rheology modifiers,have the largest influence. Control of:,Classes of Rheology Modifiers,Nonionic,Polymers,Anionic,Polymers,Aqualon Rheology Modifiers,Nonionic,Polymers,Anionic,Polymers,Cellulosic Thickeners,1. Chemistry,2. Enzyme Resistance,3. Incorporation,4. Selection,5. Associative Cellulosics, Hydrophobically Modified HEC (HMHEC),6. Modified HEC - New Product,Cellulosic Chemistry,CH,2,OH,OH,H,OH,H,H,H,O,CH,2,OH,OH,O,H,OH,H,H,H,O,CH,2,OH,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,OH,H,CH,2,OH,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,OH,H,Cellulose,CH,2,H,2,C,O,Ethylene Oxide,Hydroxyethylcellulose,Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose,CH,2,H,2,C,O,Ethylene Oxide,Ethyl Chloride,CH,3,Cl,Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,Propylene Oxide,CH,2,H,2,C,O,H,3,C,Methyl Chloride,CH,3,Cl,CH,2,Reactants & Products,Cellulose Ether to Paint Properties, Pigment DispersionHEC CMC EHEC MHEC, Foaming HEC = CMC EHEC MHEC, Thickening EfficiencyMHEC HEC EHEC CMC, Storage StabilityHEC EHEC = MHEC CMC, BiostabilityHEC EHEC MHEC CMC, SpreadabilityHEC EHEC CMC MHEC,Enzyme Resistance,Enzyme,Enzyme,Bacterium,Enzyme,Enzyme Resistance,CH,2,OH,OH,H,OH,H,H,H,O,CH,2,OH,O,H,H,H,H,O,CH,2,OH,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,OH,H,CH,2,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,O,H,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,CH,2,CH,2,O,OH,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,CH,2,OH,H,O,H,H,H,O,CH,2,OH,O,H,H,H,H,O,CH,2,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,OH,H,CH,2,O,OH,H,H,H,O,O,O,H,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,CH,2,CH,2,O,OH,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,O,CH,2,CH,2,OH,CH,2,CH,2,OH,CH,2,CH,2,O,CH,2,CH,2,O,OH,CH,2,H,2,C,O,Regular HEC,Biostable HEC,Enzyme Resistance,Stormer KU,Enzyme Resistant HEC/EHEC,Time, Days,Methyl Cellulose,Non-Enzyme Resistant HEC/EHEC,Typical Viscosity Losses in,Paint on Exposure to Enzyme,Incorporation,Water(Glycol),Defoamer,(Thickener),Surfactant(Preservative),Dispersant,Amine/Ammonia,Pigment,Grind Tank,Grind Stage,Letdown Tank,Letdown Stage,To Fill Line,Pigment,Bulk Liquids,Water,Latex,Defoamer,Thickener,Amine/Ammonia,Coalescent,Preservative,Common Paint Making Process,Incorporation,1. Addition to the Grind,Direct Addition before Pigments,2. Addition to the Letdown,a. Addition as a Slurry, in,Water,Glycol,Coalescent,b. Addition as a Stock Solution,1.Dissolve HEC,2.Add Preservative,c. Eductor Addition,Eductor Addition,To Letdown Tank,Natrosol,Water,Eductor,Eductor,Operation,Eductor Addition,1.HEC is Added to Funnel of Eductor,2.Vacuum Created by Water Flow Draws HEC into the Water Stream,3.HEC is Uniformly Dispersed in the Water Stream,Natrosol - Selection,Low Mw High Mw,Thickening-+Spatter Resistance+-Leveling-+Hiding Power+-Open time+-Water resistance-+Water retention+-,Molecular Weight Influence,Natrosol - Selection,Natrosol,HEC,Viscosity Grade/Molecular Weight Effects,60-PVC Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Paint, 95 KU,Natrosol - Selection,Less Spatter,Higher Brushing Viscosity,Better Sag Resistance,Longer Open Time,Decreasing Viscosity/Molecular Weight,Increasing Viscosity/Molecular Weight,More Efficient,Lower Cost in Use,Better Leveling,Better Water Resistance,Associative Cellulosics,Hydrogen,Bonding,Network,Chain,Entanglement,Hydrophobe,Interaction,Natrosol Thickening Mechanisms,Natrosol,Plus,330Thickening Mechanisms,Associative Cellulosics,Spatter Resistance of Natrosol,Plus,Interior Flat Paint Thickened with Natrosol,Plus,330,Interior Flat Paint Thickened with Natrosol,250H4BR,Associative Cellulosics,Low G,Paint,High G,Paint,Associative Cellulosics,Natrosol,Plus,330 and Natrosol 250GR,Ucar 367 60-PVC Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Paint,Thickening,Efficiency,Natrosollb/ICI,SpatterSag,Scrub,ProductWt %100 galPoiseResistanceLevelingmilsCycles,250GR0.9010.51.6531490,Plus,3300.56 6.51.28416135,Associative Cellulosics,Natrosol,Plus,330 and Natrosol 250GR,Rhoplex AC-417M Acrylic Semigloss Paint,Thickening,Efficiency,Natrosollb/ICI,Spatter Gloss Scrub,ProductWt %100 galPoiseResistanceLeveling60Cycles,250GR0.646.82.25245550,Plus,3300.414.31.48242655,Modified HEC - New Product,Nonionic,-,Wide Compatibility,- Excellent Water Resistance,Modified HEC,-,High Efficiency,- Improved Application Performance:,Leveling,Sag Resistance,Spatter Resistance,Modified HEC - New Product,Properties in Flat Emulsion Paint,PVC 80 based on Styrene Acrylate as binder,Synthetic Thickeners,1. Chemistry and Nomenclature,2. Thickening Mechanism,3. Interactions in Paint,4. Aquaflow,Nomenclature,Acronym,Chemistry,HASE,H,ydrophobically,M,odified,A,lkali-,S,oluble,E,mulsion,HMHEC,H,ydrophobically,M,odified,H,ydroxy,E,thyl,C,ellulose,HEUR,H,ydrophobically,M,odified,E,thoxylate,U,rethane,HMPE,H,ydrophobically,M,odified,P,oly,E,ther,HEUR and HMPE Are,Nonionic Synthetic Associative Thickeners (NSATs),Chemistry,AT,HMPE/HEUR,(NSAT),20-100,HMHEC,300,HASE,200-1,000,MW x 10,3,Structure,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,OH,CO,2,H,CO,2,H,CO,2,H,CO,2,H,CO,2,H,CO,2,H,CO,2,R,OH,Thickening Mechanism,Associative Thickening of Comb-Type AT,Latex,Pigment,Paint,HMHEC,or HASE,Thickening Mechanism,Associative Thickening of Telechelic NSAT,Paint,Latex,HMPE,or HEUR,Interactions in Paint,Any Paint Ingredient Having Hydrophobic Character Will Affect the Performance of Associative Thickeners,Latex,Dispersants,Defoamers,Glycols,Coalescents,Surfactants,Surfactants Are The Most Potent,Interactors,Interactions with Latex,Latex Chemistries,Increasing Hydrophobicity,Vinyl,Acrylic,Acrylic,StyreneAcrylic,VA-,VeoVa,VAE,Interactions with Latex,Interactions Between,Associative Thickeners and the,Latex Increase:,As the Latex Becomes More Hydrophobic,As Gloss Increases/Latex Concentration Increases /PVC Decreases,As Latex Particle Size Decreases,Interactions with Coalescent,Water-Miscible Coalescent,(Butyl Carbitol,), Partitions Between Aqueous Phase and Latex, Disrupts Hydrophobic Associations,Reduces Associative Thickener Efficiency,Water-Immiscible Coalescent,(Texanol,), Partitions Entirely into Latex Particles, Increases Latex Volume, Decreases Surfactant Coverage,Increases Associative Thickener Efficiency,Coalescent Type and Amount Will Impact Thickener Demand/Efficiency.,Interactions with Surfactant,Hydrophobe-,Hydrophobe,Interaction,Simple,Adsorption,Competitive,Adsorption,Shielding,Interactions with Surfactant,Network Enhancement and,Disruption in,Coatings cause by Surfactant,Enhancers,Dialkyl,Sulfosuccinates,Low-HLB Nonionic,Ethoxylates,Alkylphenol,Ethoxylate,Sulfates,Fatty Acid Salts,Disruptors,High-HLB,Nonionics,Some Dispersants,Surfactant,0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,Lipophilic,Hydrophilic,Hydrophobic,Lipophobic,4-6,Water-in-Oil Emulsifiers,7-9,Wetting Agents,Oil-in-Water Emulsifiers,13-15,Detergents,10-18,Solubilizers,Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance,8-18,The HLB Concept,Lipophilic,Hydrophilic,HLB,Nonylphenol and Octylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants,Surfonic,N-10,N-31.5,N-60,N-100,N-120,N-200,N-40,N-150,0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,15,Moles,EO,1,2,3,4,10,12,20,6,15,40,70,Igepal,CO-210,CO-430,CA-420,CO-530,CO-660,CO-720,CO-850,CO-730,CO-890,CO-987,Tergitol,NP-4,NP-6,NP-10,NP-20,NP-15,NP-40,NP-70,Triton,N-17,N-42,X-35,X-100,X-15,X-405,X-705,Interactions with Dispersant,Compatibility of Synthetic Thickeners with Dispersants is Determined by the Acid and/or Counter Ion Content of the Dispersant.,Dispersants are Commonly Supplied as Salts.,Organic Polymeric Dispersants,Carboxylate Anion,Polyphosphate Dispersants,Phosphate Anion,Counter Ions,Sodium, Potassium, Ammonium,Interactions with Dispersant,High-Acid Content Dispersants,High Ionic Strength Can Reduce the Solubility of Nonionic Synthetic Thickeners.,Low-,Acid Content Dispersants,Can Adversely Affect Paints Thickened with HASE Thickeners.,Co-Polymer Dispersants,Tend to Be Compatible with Nonionic SATs and HASE Thickeners,Dispersant Recommendations,NSAT = HMPE, HEUR,Interactions with Dispersant,Nonionic SAT -,High-Acid Dispersant Incompatibility,Minimize Ion Content of the Paint,Avoid Polyacid Homopolymer and Polyphosphate Dispersants.,Lower-Acid Copolymer Dispersants Are Most Effective.,Hydrophobic Copolymer Dispersants Can Have Advantages for Gloss, Leveling, and Syneresis Resistance.,Avoid High Surfactant Levels.,Synthetic Thickener - Summary,The Effectiveness of Synthetic,Associative Thickeners is Determined by,Latex Type,Latex,Concentration,Latex Particle Size,Coalescent,Defoamer,Glycol,Surfactant,Dispersant,Chemical Type: Hydrophobically Modified Polyether,NLS-200NLS-210NHS-300,Appearance,Hazy White Liq.Hazy White Liq.Hazy White Liq.,Solids, Weight %252520,Carrier80:20 Water: 75:25 Water: Water,Butyl Carbitol Butyl Carbitol,Viscosity, cP3,000-4,500 2,500-4,000 4,500-7,000,Specific Gravity1.051.051.04,N-Series Rheology Modifiers,Paint Viscosity,vs,Shear Rate,0.1,1,10,100,1000,10000,0.001,0.01,0.1,1,10,100,1000,10000,Shear Rate, s,-1,Viscosity, mPa,s,Storage,Drying,Transportation,Processing,Application,NLS-200,NHS-300,HEC,Roller / Brush,NLS-210,N-Series Rheology Modifiers,NLS-200RM-825 NHS-300RM-2020NPR,Thickener Ratio, Dry Basis8:924:96,Total Thickener, wt %0.630.64,Stormer KU101100,ICI Viscosity, CP1.951.90,Gloss, 608080,Leveling, Brush87,Sag Resistance,m10075,Color Development,E,0.9,1.4,Viscosity Loss on Tinting*, %,28,44,6% Red Oxide,HG-74D Styrene-Acrylic Gloss Paint,N-Series Rheology Modifiers,Cellulosic & Synthetic Thickeners,70-PVC Interior Flat Tint Base,8 Oz Red Iron Oxide per Gallon,Viscosity Loss on Tinting Comparison,Tinting Colorants Contain,Dispersants,Defoamers,Glycols,Surfactants,All of Which Can Reduce the Efficiency of Associative Thickeners,-5,-9,-16,-29,HEC,HMHEC,HASE,HEUR,HMPE,-20,Aqualons Rheology Modifiers,Applicability by Paint Type,aqualon,