Unit-5单词讲解资料课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 5,Words and expression,Producer : Mr Yang,1.,multicultural,多种文化的,multi-,是构成名词,/,形容词的前缀，含义是“多个，许多”，,如,multi,coloured,multi,media,multi,national,multi,party,multi,choice,multi,skilling,多色的,多媒体的,多民族的涉，及多国的,多党派的,多项选择的,多才多艺的,2. quiz n.,问答比赛,(,游戏,),He took part in a television quiz and won a prize.,他参加了一个电视知识竞赛并得了奖。,美,小测验,They are having a quiz now.,他们正进行小测验。,区别,quiz test,和,examination,Quiz,指事先无准备，随时进行测验，还可指游戏或智力竞赛，尤其是面对面地问答竞赛,Test,指一般性的考试，小考，测验或考察,Examination,指正式的考试，可知临时的也可指期末考试，入学考试等。,3. canadian adj.,加拿大人的；加拿大的,;,加拿大语言的,;,加拿大文化的,the Canadian border,加拿大边境,Canadian French,加拿大的法语,n.,加拿大人,He knew a Canadian and often had him to his house.,他认识一位加拿大人,常常请他到家里来。,拓展,Canada,n.,加拿大,prime,1,）,adj.,首要的,;,主要的,;,基本的,This is a matter of prime importance.,这是一个首要的问题。,2,）最好的,第一流的,Spring is the prime time for planting.,春天是种植的最好时节。,3,）,n.,全盛时期,He is,at the prime of,his career.,他正处于事业的巅峰。,4,）,vt.,使准备好,They have primed the explosive device.,他们已使爆炸装置准备起爆。,4. governor,1,）,n .,统治者,管辖者,地方长官,;,州长,He was elected governor of the state of California.,他当选为加州州长。,2,） 董事,The head teacher is appointed by the school governor.,校长是由学校的董事任命的。,拓展,government n.,政府，治理,统治,govern vt. & vi.,统治，控制,;,支配,5. rather than,而不是,与其说,倒不如说,前后两端所连接的词性是一致的,Well have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the office.,我们与其在教室里开会,不如在办公室开会。（,两个状语词组,）,I decide to write rather than (to) telephone,我决定写信而不打电话（两个不定式）,拓展,1,）,prefer to do rather than do,宁愿做,而不愿做,Rather than _on a crowded bus, he always prefers_a bicycle.,A. ride / ride B. riding/ride,C. ride / to ride D. to ride/ riding,2,）,would rather do.than do.,would do.rather than do.,宁可,而不愿,3,）,other than,除了,，除,以外，常用于否定句中，相当于,except,，,but,等。,She has no close friends other than him.,除了他以外她没有好朋友。,You cant get there other than by boat.,除了坐船,你无法去那里。,or rather,更确切地说,I met him very late on Friday night, or rather, early on Saturday morning.,我在星期五深夜见到他,更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。,6. chat vi.,聊天,闲谈,A boy and a girl are chatting charmingly together.,一个男孩和一个女孩正在娓娓交谈。,n.,闲谈,聊天,have a chat with sb.,和某人聊天,7. scenery.,1,）风景,景色,The grassland scenery of Tibet is very beautiful .,西藏的草原风景是非常美丽的。,2,）舞台布景,The scenery for the play must have cost too much.,那出戏的舞台布景一定很费钱。,8. eastward,adj.,向东方的；朝东的,adv.,向东,n.,东部；东方,拓展,westward(s),adj.,向西的；西方的,n.,西部；西方,adv.,向西,southward(s),adj.,向南的；在南方的,adv.,向南,n.,朝南的方向,forward(s),adj.,向前的；早的；迅速的,adv.,向前地；向将来,vt.,促进；转寄；运送,n.,前锋,Backward(s),adj.,向后的；反向的；发展迟缓的,adv.,向后地；相反地,downward(s),adj.,向下的，下降的,adv.,向下,sideward(s),adj.,旁边的,侧面的,adv.,向侧面地,9. surround v,包围，围绕,常用被动语态,be surrounded by/with sb./sth.,被某人,/,物包围,拓展：,surrounding adj.,附近的；四周的,常置于名词之前作定语。,surroundings n,环境,这样考过,On arrival,，,the famous movie star found himself_by the enthusiastic fans.,A to be surrounded,B,surrounded,C being surrounded,D,having surrounded,解析：考查,find,的用法。句意：一到达，这位著名电影明星就被热情的粉丝们围住了。,find oneself surrounded,意为“发现自己被包围了”。,Find oneself done,答案：,B,10. measure,vt. vi.,测量；测度,n,尺寸；措施,take measures to do sth.,采取措施做某事,Make clothes to ones measure,根据某人的尺寸做,可能这样考过,Effective measures should _and laws_to protect pandas. Otherwise,，,they are certain to die out.,A,be taken; be passed B,take; pass C,be made; be taken,D,be set; be made,解析：表示“采取措施”时用, measures,与,take,搭配；表示“通过法律”时,law,与,pass,搭配，且用被动语态。故 答案为,A,11. aboard prep.,在,(,船、飞机、车,),上,上,(,船、飞机、车,),They were all aboard the ship last night.,昨天夜里他们都在船上。,adv.,在船,(,或飞机、车,),上,上船,(,或飞机、车,),The conductors jumped aboard, and off the train went.,列车员跳上车厢,火车开走了。,辨析：,aboard,，,abroad,，,board,以及,broad,(1) aboard,作副词“在船上；上船”；,作介词，意思是“在,(,船、飞机、车,),上；上,(,船、飞机、车,)”,。,如：,She went aboard the plane.,她上了飞机。,(3) board,作名词，意思是“木板；伙食”；作动词，意思是“用板盖上；提供膳食；上,(,船、飞机等,)”,。如：,Each student has to pay $100 a month for board .,每个学生每月要付一百美元的伙食费。,He boarded the bus.,他上了公共汽车。,(2) abroad,是副词，意思是“去,(,在,),国外；到处”。,如：,My brother has never,been abroad,before,，,so he is finding this trip very exciting.,我弟弟以前从未出过国，所以他觉得这次旅行十分令人兴奋。,4) broad adj.,宽的，辽阔的；显著的；大概的,n.,宽阔部分,adv.,宽阔地,(3) board,作名词，意思是“木板；伙食”；作动词，意思是“用板盖上；提供膳食；上,(,船、飞机等,)”,。如：,Each student has to pay $100 a month for board .,每个学生每月要付一百美元的伙食费。,He boarded the bus.,他上了公共汽车。,12. settle down,定居；平静下来；专心于,settle down,用作不及物动词短语时，表示“定居，安静地坐下；对,(,生活、工作等,),定下心来”。如：,He has settled down to farming.,他已安心从事农业。,settle down,用作及物动词短语时，表示,1,）“使,平静下来”。,如：,The chairman tried to settle the audience down.,主席设法使听众安静下来。,2,）,settle down to doing,专心做,She settled down to writing an article,常用搭配：,settle in/into,迁入；适应,(,新的家、工作、环境等,),， 安顿下来,settle on/upon,决定；同意,(,某事,),settle up,付清欠账；结清账单,settle ones affairs,(,尤指远行、入伍等之前,),把个人事务料理妥当,13. manage to do,succeed in doing sth.,be able to do sth.,设法做成某事,manage v.,做成,(,某事,),；管理；经营,manage a shop/factory,经营商店,/,工厂,区别,try to do,与,manage to do,try to do“,尽力,(,去,),做”，强调动作，但不一定成功；,try doing“,尝试做,”,manage to do“,设法做成”，相当于,succeed in doing,，强调结果，,manage,后不接,doing,形式。,这样考过,When we finally _to get home after the tiring long journey,，,we could hardly move a step further. A,tried B,Succeeded C,attempted D,managed,14. catch sight of,看见；瞥见,常和,sight,搭配的短语有,on/at sight,at(the)sight of,at first sight,out of sight,in/within sight,lose ones sight,一见,(,就,),一看见,乍一见,看不见,在看得见的地方,失明,15. have a gift for,有,天赋,Yaoming has a gift for playing basketball,姚明有打篮球的天赋,gift,作为名词时候，区别,gift,和,present,1,）,gift,礼物指个人团体或组织赠送的比较贵重的礼物，比,present,更为庄重文雅的礼物，带有一定的感情色彩。,2,）,present,指一般性的不怎么贵重的礼物，一般性的礼物。,gift,还可以作为动词使用，意思是“赠予，赋予，,gift sb with sth.= gift sth. to sb.,gifted adj.,有天赋的，有才华的。,a gifted boy,有才华的男孩,16. within,prep.,在,之内；在,里面,adv.,在里面,1,）表示时间。在,之内,You can not finish the book within two days.,你两天内看不完这本书,比较,in,和,within,He will return,within an hour,.,他将在,一小时内,回来。,He will return,in an hour,.,他将在,一小时后,回来。,2,）表示地点,They are living within the city.,他们住在市内,3,）,within the reach of sb.,在某人伸手够到的范围内,Dont put the medicine within the reach of your children.,不要把药放在孩子能够到的地方。,4,）,within ones reach,够得着,Keep the book within your reach,。,把书放在你够得着的地方,常用搭配,within ones memory,在某人记忆中,within / in sight,在视线内,within doors,在室内,within ones power,力所能及；在某人的权限内,within oneself,在心里,请看下面考题,It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _ easy reach.,A,near B,upon,C,within D,around,解析：句意：在厨房里把你常用的东西放在容易够着的地方会节省时间。,near,靠,(,接,),近；,upon,在,之上，迫近，紧接着；,within,在,里面，在,内；,around,遍及。,17. border n.,边,边缘；边界,边境,vt. & vi.,与,接界,在,的边上,border,用作可数名词。,They crossed the French border,搭配,on the border of,接近，临近,Sixian lies on the border of Lingbi county,注意：,border,用作动词，后常接,on,或,upon,India borders (on) Pakistan.,印度和巴基斯坦接壤。,18. urban adj.,城市的,Traffic is a major urban problem.,交通是城市的一个主要问题。,对应词,rural adj.,农村的,We left the city for a rural home.,我们离开城市,去农村安家。,He lived a rural life.,他过着田园生活。,拓展,redneck,n.,乡下人,(,含贬义,),19. location n.,1,）位置,场所,It is,a suitable location,for a new school.,那是建一所新学校的,合适地点,。,They was responsible for,the location of,the missing plane of MH370.,他们负责查明失踪的,马航,370,飞机的下落,。,2,）外景,(,拍摄地,),It was difficult to find a suitable location.,当时要找一个合适的外景拍摄地相当困难。,20. topic,近义词,subject, theme , topic,1,）,Subject,普通用语，指人们说话，写文章所围绕的中心思想，即题目和主题，词义比较广。,The subject of the book/ the poem is very interesting.,这本书,/,这首诗的题目很有趣,.,2,）,Theme n.,主题,主旨,题目。,是比较正式用语，词义不及,subject,广泛，在美国指学生的作文题。,His poems often wander from the theme.,他的诗常常走题,3,）,topic,是通俗用语，词义广泛，常用口语中，指谈话的题目,注 ：这三个词有时候可以替换使用,21. mix vt. & vi.,1,）混合,搅和,常用搭配,mix and/with,You can mix blue and yellow paint to make green one.,你可以把蓝色和黄色油漆混合成绿色。,2,）,(,使,),结交, (,使,),交往,She doesnt mix well.,她不善与人相处。,拓展,mixed adj. mixture n.,混合物,22. confirm,vt.,证实，确定；进一步确定；批准,confirm a theory,证实一种理论,confirm the time of arrival,确定到达的时间,confirm a project,批准某个项目,用法,confirm,的主语多为人,confirm,作“证明”讲时与,prove,近义；,作“确认,(,定,)”,讲时与,make sure,近义,。,We had better confirm our hotel reservation by telephone.,我们最好打电话确认一下我们预订的旅馆房间。,这样考过,He looked around nervously to _ that there was nobody following him.,A,defend B,confirm C,doubt D,insist,解析：,confirm“,确定”；,defend“,保护”；,doubt“,怀疑”；,insist“,坚持”。由句意：他紧张地四处打量以确定没人跟踪。综上选,B,。,23. wealthy adj.,富有的,He grew up in a wealthy family.,他在一个富有的家庭里长大。,My brother is now very wealthy.,我哥哥现在很有钱。,注：,1,）,be wealthy in,= be rich in,在,方面富有,2,）,the wealthy = the rich,有钱人,24. distance,n,距离；远方；冷淡；疏远,作名词常用搭配,keep ones distance,不接近,keep sb.at a distance,对某人保持疏远,keep a safe distance,保持适当距离,at,a,distance,在远处,in,the,distance,在很远地方,from,a,distance,从远处,拓展,distant adj.,1,）,(,时间或空间,),远隔的,遥远的,It happened in the distant past.,此事发生在遥远的过去。,The village is rather distant from here.,小村离这里还相当远。,2,）远亲的,She is a distant cousin.,她是我的远房表妹。,3,）不太友好,不太热情,Her manner was rather distant.,她的态度相当冷淡。,即学即练,(1)I dont know _(,距离,) from Beijing to Shanghai.(2)The hospital is not _(,不远,) at all.(3)The oil painting looks better _(,远看起来,),(4) _(,从远处,),，,I would see them waving their hands.(5)I can see a light _(,在很远地方,),the distance,distant,at a distance,From a distance,in the distance,distant,作形容词时常用搭配,a distant relative,远亲,a distant look,茫然的表情,be distant towards sb.,对某人冷淡,辨析：,in the distance,与,at a distance,in the distance,意思是在远处，强调距离之远，其反义短语为,in the neighborhood (,在附近,),。,at a distance“,从,(,稍,),远处”，强调一定距离、近距离，如果明确说多长距离，后面可接,of,短语。如,在三公里远的地方,at a distance of three kilometers,考考你,The waterfall can be seen _.Its sound may be heard _ two miles.It looks even more beautiful _,，,I think.,A,at a distance; in the distance of; from a distance,B,from a distance; in the distance; at a distance,C,in the distance; from a distance of; at a distance,D,in the distance; at a distance of; from a distance,解析：此题考查短语辨析。,at a distance“,在较远处”；,at a distance of“,距,之外”；,in the distance“,在远处,在很远的那边”,from a distance“,从远方，从远处”。这句话的意思是：,这道瀑布在很远处就可以看见。它的声音在两英里之外就可以听见。我认为从远处看它更漂亮。,故答案：,D,25. mist n.,1,）薄雾,The towers were shrouded in mist.,城楼被蒙上薄雾。,2,）视线模糊不清,She saw his face through a mist of tears.,她泪眼朦胧地望着他的脸。,3,）,vt. & vi.(,使,),蒙上薄雾, (,使,),模糊,It isnt raining, its only mist-ing.,没下雨,只是下雾了。,Tears misted her eyes.,眼泪使她的双眼模糊了。,26. schoolmate,拓展,deskmate classmate roommate workmate,27. downtown,adv.,在商业,闹市,区,I am downtown,我在城里,2) adj.,商业区的,;,闹市区的,28. approximately adv.,近似地,大约,= about /around,稍有区别：,approximately,指数量或质量上接近正确 误差极小；,about/around,指大致接近，相差可多可少。,29. dawn n.,1),黎明,拂晓,The dawns here in the mountains are very beautiful.,这里山区的黎明是很美的。,They work,from dawn till dark.,他们从天亮一直工作到天黑。,2),开端,萌芽,起始,We looked forward to,the dawn of much happier days.,我们盼望着更加,美好日子的来临,。,3,）,vi.,破晓,; (,天,),刚亮,The day was just dawning.,天刚亮。,Day will soon dawn.,天很快就亮了。,拓展,at dawn,在黎明时刻,from dawn till dark,从早到晚,30. broad,adj.,宽的，辽阔的；显著的；大概的,n.,宽阔部分,adv.,宽阔地,拓展,abroad,adv.,到国外,在国外,live abroad.,生活在国外。,区别,broad,和,wide,broad,和,wide,都有宽的意思。,1,）,broad,侧重于幅面的宽广，此处还可修饰背肩胸等的宽阔。如,broad shoulder,宽阔的肩膀，,broad field,一望无际的田野,2,）,Wide,着重指从一边到另一边的距离，此处还可以修饰口眼睛的大如,This skirt is too wide.,She stared at him with wide eyes,31. nearby adj.,附近的,;,不远的,He works in the nearby police station/ the police station nearby.,他在附近的警察局工作。,adv.,附近地,;,近旁地,We will stop nearby for lunch.,我们就在附近停下吃饭。,32. trodition n,传统，惯例,traditional adj.,传统的；惯例的,traditionally adv.,传统上,keep up fine tradition,保持优良传统,follow old traditions,沿袭旧习,true to tradition,名不虚传地,Its a/the tradition to do sth.,做某事是传统,辨析：,tradition,，,custom,，,habit,与,practice,(1),tradition,表示代代相传的知识、教条及行为方式。 “传统，惯例 ”,(2),custom,指“风俗，习俗”。,(3),practice,表示工作或生活的通常方式。意思是“惯例，常规”,(4),habit,一般指个人所养成的习惯,这样考过,Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late.,A,tradition B,convenience C,habit D,Leisure,闲暇,解析：,habit“,习惯”；,tradition“,传统”；,convenience“,方便”；,leisure“,闲暇，空闲时间”。由句意知,getting up too late,为个人习惯，故,C,合题意。,还可能这样考,The old man got into the _ of storing money under the bed.,A,tradition B,habit C,use D,custom,解析：,get into the habit of doing sth.,意为“养成了做,的习惯”。,habit,指个人的习惯，而,custom,指风俗习惯。,tradition“,传统”。 答案：,B,33. terrify vt.,使恐怖,使惊吓,That sort of thing terrifies people.,那样的事令人感到恐怖。,拓展,terrifying adj.,极大的,可怕的,A,terrifying scream,in the blackness of the night made my blood run cold.,黑夜里一声,可怕的尖叫,让我毛骨悚然。,terrified adj.,很害怕的,极度惊慌的,吓坏了的,He,looked so terrified,I thought hed seen a ghost.,他,看上去如此害怕,我以为他看见鬼了。,the terrified nurses.,那些惊慌的护士们。,34. pleased adj.,高兴的,;,喜欢的,;,满意的,be pleased to meet sb. (,用于初次见面握手时,),Im (very) pleased to meet you,很高兴认识您,-John, this is Dr Savary.,-Im pleased to meet you.,-,约翰，这是萨瓦里博士。,-,很高兴认识您。,常用搭配,1) none too pleased,不悦；气愤,She was none too pleased at having to do it all again.,只能全部重做，这使她很气愤。,2) only too pleased (to do sth),十分情愿，巴不得,(,做某事,),Were only too pleased to help.,我们非常愿意帮忙。,3) pleased with yourself,自鸣得意；飘飘然,He was looking very pleased with himself.,他看起来飘飘然的。,35. impress vt.,（,impression n,）,None of them impressed me.,他们中没有一位给我留下什么,常用搭配,1) impress sb. with (be impressed/by/ with/at),给某人留有深刻的印象,;,He impressed me with his funny look,We were most impressed with your efficiency.,你的效率给我们留下很深刻的印象。,2,）,impress sth. in on ones memory,使,.,铭记在心 ，牢记某事。,I will impress his words in/on my memory =his words impressed themselves on my memory.,他的话语我会铭记在心,3,）,impress sth. on/upon sb.,使某人明白,的重要性,The teacher impressed the need for study on us students.,老师让我们学生认识到学习的重要性。,4,）,leave the impression on sb.,给,留下印象,这样考过,One story in his books that left the deepest _ on me was Peddle in the Sky. A,expression B,appeal C,impression D,image,解析：句意：他的书中，给我留下印象最深的故事是,Peddle in the Sky,。,leave the deepest impression on.,为固定表达，意为“给,留下深刻的印象”。,expression,表达，表情；,appeal,吸引力；,impression,印象；,image,形象，图像。 答案：,C,