MBA单词词根词缀记忆

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Roots and Affixes, By Miracle,1,为什么要学词根词缀？,1 词根词缀是中高级英语学习者提高词汇量的最有效的方式，引爆词汇量激增的“核动力”,。,2 词根词缀帮助我们更深刻理解单词,。,3词根词缀赋予我们猜测生词的能力。MBA英语大纲不仅要求5800常见词，还要求考生有“理解一些非常用词的词义”的能力。猜测生词主要方法有：1）上下文 2）词根词缀,比如：在07年08年真题中分别出现过,anticapitalist，precapitalist,2,词根词缀基础知识：,英文单词的“偏旁部首”- 词根词缀。,词缀中：放在词根前面的称前缀，放在词根后的称后缀,。,比如,：,international,词根决定单词的基本意思，词缀往往是补充意,。,比如表示方向，否定，加强等,。,单词可以只有词根，但是不能只有词缀,。,看单词主要看前部，单词的意思主要由前缀和词根决定，后缀主要决定词性,，,少数后缀表示补充含义,。,3,十大明星前缀记忆,-,最常见的前缀,共分五组： 内外，进退，前后，分合，上下,内外,：,In/im : 在内，向内 - import,e/ex : 在外，向外 - export,进退,：,pro : 向前进 - progress,re ： 1.向后退， - reject,2. 再、重复 - rebuild,前后,：,p,re :,在前面 predict,p,ost:,在后面 postwar, postgraduate,分合：,d,e :,1.向下 - decline， decide,2.去掉，离开away - decode , deforest v. 采伐森林,d,is :,1.分开,去掉 discard v. 出牌,2. 否定 dislike,c,o :,共同，一起 together - colleague ,coworker, cooperation,上下,：,s,uper :在上面 - supervise , superman,s,ub : 在下面 - subway , submarine,4,1current:,(,1,),现在的= present,current affairs时事,自我介绍：Im Kevin. Currently，I am working as a Marketing director at IBM,.,(2) current 还表示：流动的，流行的,current bills and coins流通的纸币和硬币,current fashions 流行的时尚,5,词根cur,(,r,),curs,cours = run,happen表示“跑,发生”,current adj.流动的，n.潮流,（curr+,e,nt 跑的流动的）,currency n. 流传；流通的货币,（跑来跑去的钱流通货币）,curriculum n. 全部的课程（表）,（curr+iculum 表名词学员跑来跑去的,(,依据,), 课表）,curriculum与course的区别,6,excursion n. 远足；游览,ex 出+cur +sion 跑出去 远足）,e.g. let us go on an excursion in spring time 去春游,cursive,：adj.（字）草写的,（curs+ive,象跑,样写,草写）,草书/行书：cursive writing,草体字：a cursive style of type,7,precursor n 先驱；先兆,（pre+curs+or 先跑者 先驱）,04-2阅读题 precursor n.,Icebox is the precursor of modern refrigerator,.,cur , curs = happen,occur v. 发生，出现,（oc 反复+cur 反复跑 反复发生）,occurrence n. 出现，产生（occur+r+ence）,concur,1.同时发生,（con 共同+cur 共同跑 同时发生）,His graduation concurred with his birthday.,2. 同时赞同 = agree,I concur with you.,recur v. 再发生，重现,（re 再次+cur 再次跑来）,Old memories constantly recurred to him. 往事经常浮现在他的脑海里。,8,Exercise,Peoples expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their _ state does.,A) current,B) initial,C) modern,D) primitive,9,2,c,ertification: 证明,quality certification 质量证明(书),来自动词 certify,c,ertify v. 确认是真实、准确的,比如一个人半夜喜欢唱歌,，然后,He was certified (as) insane.,他已由医生出具证书证明为精神错乱,。,比如：查帐时,，,帐目经查核证明无误。,The accounts were certified (as) correct.,10,c,ertificate n. 证书/执照,a birth certificate出生证,academic certificate学历证,a marriage certificate 结婚证,graduation certificate毕业证,course-completion certificate结业证,degree certificate学位证,vocational certificate职业证书,11,词根： cern / cert = to make sure 弄清楚,c,ertain adj. 肯定的,c,ertify v. 弄清事实真相,证明,c,ertificate n. 能帮助我们澄清事实的东西,证书,c,oncern v.,关注,con 表示一起，要一起把事情弄清楚,表示关注,d,iscern v.,dis-区分,，,cern-弄清楚,把事情区分清楚,辨别,d,iscern the direction/road in the dark,在黑暗中,辨别方向,一个很有眼光的顾客：a discerning customer / investor,12,3,i,dentity： 身份 ID card : = identity,后缀 -ation 往往来自动词的名词,i,dentify v.,identification 具有动词性的名词,身份的确认,i,dentity 身份,The police have not yet identified the victim.,警方尚未确认遇难者的身份,。,13,c,ertify,certification,(,具有动词性的名词,),n. 的证明,c,ertificate n. 证书,u,nify,unification,(,具有动词性的名词,), 的,统一,The peaceful unification of China,.,u,nity n. 统一体,European economic unity.欧,洲,经济共同体,q,ualify v. (使)具有资格,qualification 具有动词性的名词,资,格,quality n. 质量,fulfill the qualifications for an MBA,candidate,满足报考MBA的要求,r,ealize v.,realization 的实现,reality 现实,g,lobalization / modernization / localization / urbanization,14,4,e,vidence: 证据,【法律】 证词，证据：法庭上作为证据的文件或口头形式的陈述和实物,e.g.,There is no evidence that he has killed his boss.,美国怀疑伊拉克有WMD, 最后报告说.,There is no evidence that Iraq has possessed Weapons of Mass Destruction.,辩论的时候：,“I bet you have made a terrible mistake,.,”,“Show me your evidence,.,”,15,evident adj. 显然的，明白的,self-evident 不言自明的,Truths are self-evident. 真理是不言自明的,课外选读：,独立宣言 the Declaration of Independence 1776,“We hold these truths to be self-evident , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed (自然地赋予) by their Creator with certain inalienable(不可剥夺) rights , that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”,16,词根：vid , vis,=see 表示“看”,evident,a,dj.,明显的,（e 出+vid+ent 看出来了 明显的）,词汇扩充：明显的obvious, apparent, distinct,evidence n 证据，证人,（e+vid+ence- 明显的证据）,evidence, proof, testimony,17,visit v. 拜访,vision n 视力，眼界,visible a 可见的 ，,invisible adj. 不可见,visual a 视力的,visual pollution 视觉污染,visualize v 使具体化,（visual 视力+ize 使大家看到 具体化）,advise v 忠告，劝告,（ad 使+vis+e 使别人看到 劝告别人）,revise v 修正，改订,（re 再+vis+e 再看一遍 修正）,revision n 修正，校订本,supervise v 监督,（super 在上面+vis+e 在上面看 监督）,s,upervisor n. 监督者, 主管,18,Exercise,There is already _ clear to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate,change.,A) witness,B) certification,C) identity,D) evidence,19,5,m,otivation : 动机，激励,词根：mot = move,m,otivate v. 激励,A good manager should motivate his people to achieve the set target.,m,otivation : 动机,The stronger the motivation, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.,一个人学外语的内在要求越高, 那么他就学得越快,。,20,motive n. 动机,(,更强调目的,),motion n. 运动,谋杀动机 What is his mo,tive,for murder ?,The ball is in motion.,小球处于运动状态,。,promote,v.,pro,(,向前运动,), 推动，促进，升迁,promotion,选记demote,(,向下运动,), 使降级,He was demoted from the emperor to acivilian.,末代皇帝溥仪,21,remote adj.,re 向后 运动,离你越来越远,遥远,emotion n.,e 向外 运动,由内向外流出的,情感,情感，,感情是一种由内而外的流露,commotion n. 表示喧闹，骚动, 暴乱,com 共同,一群人一起运动,骚动,22,6preferences,prefer : prefer to do sth,prefer to do rather than do,prefer A to B,词根fer=take,prefer=pre（之前）+ fer（take）,“宁愿，更喜欢”，,例：I prefer dogs to cats.,相对猫而言，我更喜欢狗,。,（,即狗排在猫的前面,）,preference“喜好”,例：I have a preference for documentary .,我对纪录片有偏好,。,例：I dont know your preference, so please help yourself.,我不知道你喜欢什么，请你自便,。,23,preferable“更可取的”,其本身就是有比较意义的形容词，因此没有比较级,例：A dark suit is preferable to a light one for evening wear.,对于晚装，深色西服比浅色西服更可取。,例：Coffee is preferable to tea, I think.,我认为咖啡比茶更好,。,24,c,onfer,V.,=con（together）+fer（take）,(,一起拿起来讨论,),“商讨，商谈”,例：The president conferred with his consultants before announcing the decision.,总统在宣布决定之前会与顾问商讨。,其名词为conference“会议”,forum,例：世界财富论坛 Fortune Global Forum,25,differ dif 表示分开,1,.,（from）“与不同”，,例：I differ from you in character.,我与你在性格方面非常不同。,2,.,（with）“与意见不同”，,例：I differ with you on the subject.,对于这件事我与你的意见不同。,difference“不同”，,different“不同的”,26,refer动词“参考，查阅”,re表示again,refer,表示不断地拿，不断地看,如refer to a dictionary 查字典,其名词为reference“参考”,如reference books参考书,referee“裁判”,(,ee 表示动作的承受者，refer 的对象，遇到争议要去征求裁判的意见,),相关：,employ动词“雇佣”，employee名词“雇员”,27,infer,推断,=in + fer（take）从里面拿出来的观点,例：I inferred from his words that he wanted us to leave.,从他的话当中我们推断出他是想让我们离开。,transfer=trans（across）+ fer（take）动词“调动”,如transfer to another team调到另一个队伍,前缀：trans,transport,transformtransformer变形金刚,transplant,28,Exercise,The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and _.,A) privileges,B) possibilities,C) possessions,D) preferences,29,7illegal 非法的,前缀： il,ir通常放在l, r 开头的形容词通常表示否定前缀,irrational 不合理的（ir+rational 合理的）,e.g.,irrational arguments / behavior 不合理的论据 / 荒谬的言行,irregular 不规则的（ir+regular 规则的）,irresistible 不可抗拒的（ir+resistible可抗拒,的,）,e.g.,irresistible beauty,irresistible impulse 不可遏抑的冲动,e.g.,I had an irresistible impulse to cry .,= I couldnt help doing sth,30,i,rreplaceable 不可替代的,e.g.,A irreplaceable person in the company,CEO.,词汇延伸：,peon / small potato,b,ig potato / big shot / big bug/ biggie,i,rrelevant adj.,His remarks are irrelevant to our topic,.,illegal 非法的（il+legal 合法的）,illegal drugs / illegal deals 非法毒品/交易,illiterate 不识字的（il+literate 认字的）,literature 文学,illogical 不合逻辑的（il+logical 逻辑的）,31,Exercise,In the U.S. 88 percent of smokers had started before they were 18, despite the fact that it is _ to sell cigarettes to anyone under that age.,A) liable,B) liberal,C) irrational,D) illegal,32,8,m,emorable adj. 值得记忆的,词根：memo- 表示记忆,m,emorable adj 值得记忆的,难忘的 = unforgettable,m,emory,n.,m,emo 备忘录,m,emorial,n. 纪念馆,r,emember,v.,c,ommemorate,v. 纪念,This monument commemorates our,victory.,这座碑是纪念我们胜利的。,33,Exercise 1,According to the key witnesses, a peculiarly big nose is the criminals most memorable facial _.,A) feature,B) hint,C) spot,D) signature,34,Exercise 2,F. W. Woolworth was the first businessman to erect a true skyscraper to _ himself, and in 1929, A1 Smith, a former governor of New York, sought to outreach him.,A) portray,B) proclaim,C) exaggerate,D) commemorate,35,9.,i,nterrupt : 前缀：,i,nter 在中间,i,nter 在之间,相互,i,nteraction n. 相互作用 / 互动,chemical interaction 化学相互作用,i,nternational,i,nterpersonal,interpersonal relationships人与人之间的关系,i,nterrelate v. 相互关联,i,ntervene v.,vene-走 走在两者之间,干涉,i,nterchange v. 相互交换,interchange gifts 互赠礼物,i,nterchangeable adj.,taxi and cab are interchangeable,36,词根：rupt = break,i,nterrupt=inter + rupt两个相互联系的事件被断开,1,.,“打扰”- 强调中断别人,例：Dont interrupt me while Im busy.,在我忙的时候千万不要打扰我。,bother跟brother兄弟很像,例：Sorry to bother you.很抱歉打扰你了。,Excuse me.是打扰别人之前,说,Sorry to bother you.是打扰人之后说,表示“打扰，干扰”的单词是disturb，它还有一个含义是“使不安”，,如,：,a piece of disturbing news.一条使人不安消息,。,37,2,.,“暂时中断”,例：Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the World War Two.,由于二战，两国的贸易中断了。,下面看看 A/B/C/D/E 打头的 rupt 同根词：,abrupt，词根rupt=break,什么叫break,？,abrupt death / change / departure突然死亡 / 改变 / 离开,abrupt manner鲁莽的言行,38,bankrupt,1,.,“破产的”,bank表古代商人的钱袋,例：The company went bankrupt during the economic crisis.,这家公司在经济危机时破产了。,2,.,“使破产”,例：The investment in the securities bankrupted him.,在证券业的投资，使他彻底破产了。,vest背心,invest把背心都投进去，“投资”,39,s,ecurities,1.,“证券”，,secure形容词表“安全的”，动词,表“经过艰苦努力而得到”,例：They have managed to secure the loan from the bank.,他们终于从银行里得到了贷款。,2.保障，保证，抵押品,如：social security 社会保障,40,corrupt=cor + rupt,1,.,“贪污的，腐败的”,一个人贪，贪不起来，永远都是官官相护，一定是大家一起来贪污腐败,所以是cor+rupt,一起贪污之后便自身毁灭。,如,:,corrupt officials贪污腐败的官员,2,.,“使贪污，腐败，败坏”,例：The pornography spread by the Internet has corrupted the minds of the young people.,由网络传播的色情腐蚀着年轻人的思想。,41,构词法：词根con,当后面的词根首字母为辅音字母时，n变成此辅音字母,如,：,collaborate=col + labor + ate大家一起劳动,“合作”,cooperation=co + operation一起操作,便是,“合作”,disrupt=dis（away）+ rupt,使分裂, 使瓦解, 使陷于混乱, 破坏,它不止有中断打扰的意思，还有被破坏且在短期内不能恢复的含义。,42,比如,:,2008 年的我国南方的雪灾使得铁路和航空运输一度中断,例：The snowstorm has disrupted the railway and airline services in southern region of China .,disrupt名词为disruption,例：The snowstorm has caused the disruption of transportation system,.,43,erupt=e（out）+ rupt,1,.,“火山喷发”,2,.,“（战争危机）突然爆发”,例：Violence erupted after the negotiation.,谈判后爆发了暴力冲突。,rupture,1,.,“破裂”,如,：,the rupture of the blood vessel血管破裂,2,.,有比喻意,如,：,the rupture of the friendly relations between the two countries两国友好关系的破裂,44,10. Object v. 反对,ject词根： ject = throw,object v.,ob,（,反,）+,ject（扔）=,反着扔,反对,O,bjection !,Objection overruled !,Objection sustained,！,45,subject,（,sub- 在之下，ject 投；“投于某种管辖之下”-,）,使服从，使隶属，支配，统治；,be subjected/subject to 受制于，受支配,subject也可作形容词,例如：,Everyone is subjected to the laws,.,In ancient times, human beings were subject to nature.,46,reject,v.,向后抛回去,拒绝,project v.,向前抛,投射,projector,n.,幻灯机，放映机,inject v. 注射,injector n.注射器,eject v.向外喷射,the fire ejected flames,47,Exercise,Brazils constitution _ the military use of nuclear energy.,A) withdraws,B) forbids,C) interrupts,D) objects,48,11. distinguish v. 区分,distinguish A from B,词根sting stinct, stin 表示“刺”,、,“刺激”,d,istinct adj.,dis- = 分开/away 把刺区分开,不同的,d,istinguish v. 区别开,distinguished adj. 著名的，卓越的 （区别于一般人的）,s,ting v./n. 刺,“死叮” I got stung by a bee.,s,tingy adj. 小气的 （像刺一样小的心胸）,s,timulate v. 刺激，鼓励,49,e,xtinguish v. 灭火,把刺激（火）拿出去,extinguisher,灭火器,e,xtinct v. 来自 extinguish,生命之火熄灭了,灭绝了,i,nstinct n. 内在的刺激,本能,50,Exercise,Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to _ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones.,A) distinguish,B) disguise,C) dissolve,D) discount,51,12.,d,issolve,d,is- 分开,solve 解决,分散开来解决,1. 使溶解：,t,o cause to pass into solution,dissolve salt/sugar in water.,使盐,/糖,溶解于水中,就得到了solution 溶液,Salt dissolves in water.盐溶于水,。,血溶于水。,52,2. 解散,dissolve parliament and call for new elections解散议会，要求重新选举,。,solve动词“解决，解答”,如solve a riddle解答一个谜语,soluble“可溶的”,例：Sugar is soluble in water.,53,solution名词,1,.,“解答，解决办法”,We gotta find a solution to the problem,2,.,“溶解，溶液”,resolve,反复地解决问题，表示一种坚定的“决心，决定”,= firmly decide to do,比如,： In order to gain fortune,s,he resolves to marry the Ugly Fat Old guy .,（PS：,UFO,是个,又丑又肥的老男人,）,54,resolution名词,1,.,“坚决，决心”,New Years Resolution,make a resolution to get up early in the morning,例：His encouragement,and support,strengthened our resolution,.,他的鼓励和支持加强了我们的决心。,2,.,“决定，决议”,例：All those in favor of the resolution should raise their hands.,所有那些支持这个决议的人举手。,55,13. potential,potential customer,potential employer,potential market,You have great potential,.,I will help you achieve your full potential,.,词根：poten=powerful，表示“有力的”,potent arguments有说服力的证据,potent drug 很有效的药,56,potential,n,.,潜力,（由“能力”引申为“潜力”）,impotent adj. 无力的，无能力的,im 无+potent,omnipotent,adj.,omni 全部+potent,全能的, 无所不能的全能的,如：,the Omnipotent God 万能的上帝,钱不是万能的，没钱是万万不能,。,Money is not omnipotent,but without money you are impotent.,57,