CCNA培训课件3、第三课：IP 编址与子网化

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,第三课,IP,编址与子网化,断点连接需要确定的地址,路径选择,TCP/IP,地址介绍,172.18.0.2,172.18.0.1,172.17.0.2,172.17.0.1,172.16.0.2,172.16.0.1,SA,DA,HDR,DATA,10.13.0.0,192.168.1.0,10.13.0.1,192.168.1.1,IP,地 址,255,255,255,255,DottedDecimal,Maximum,Network,Host,32 bits,IP,地 址,255,255,255,255,DottedDecimal,Maximum,Network,Host,1286432168421,11111111,11111111,11111111,11111111,Binary,32 bits,1,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,1286432168421,1286432168421,1286432168421,IP,地 址,255,255,255,255,DottedDecimal,Maximum,Network,Host,1286432168421,11111111,11111111,11111111,11111111,10101100,00010000,01111010,11001100,Binary,32 bits,172,16,122,204,ExampleDecimal,ExampleBinary,1,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,1286432168421,1286432168421,1286432168421,Class A:,Class B:,Class C:,Class D:,多播地址,Class E:,科研用,IP,地址分类,Network,Host,Host,Host,Network,Network,Host,Host,Network,Network,Network,Host,8 bits,8 bits,8 bits,8 bits,IP,地址分类,1,Class A:,Bits:,0,NNNNNNN,Host,Host,Host,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,Range (1-126),1,Class B:,Bits:,10,NNNNNN,Network,Host,Host,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,Range (128-191),1,Class C:,Bits:,110,NNNNN,Network,Network,Host,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,Range (192-223),1,Class D:,Bits:,1110,MMMM,Multicast Group,Multicast Group,Multicast Group,8,9,16,17,24,25,32,Range (224-239),主机地址,172.16.2.1,172.16.3.10,172.16.12.12,10.1.1.1,10.250.8.11,10.180.30.118,E1,172.16,12,12,网络,主机,.,.,网络,端口,172.16.0.0,10.0.0.0,E0,E1,路由表,172.16.2.1,10.6.24.2,E0,11111111,计算可用的主机地址,172,16,0 0,10101100,00010000,00000000,00000000,16,151413121110 9,87654321,网络,主机,00000000,00000001,11111111,11111111,11111111,11111110,.,.,00000000,00000011,11111101,1,2,3,65534,65535,65536,-,.,2,65534,N,2,N,-2,= 2,16,-2 = 65534,IP,地址分类练习,地址,类别,网络,主机,10.2.1.1,128.63.2.100,201.222.5.64,192.6.141.2,130.113.64.16,256.241.201.10,IP,地址分类练习（答案）,地址,类别,网络,主机,10.2.1.1,128.63.2.100,201.222.5.64,192.6.141.2,130.113.64.16,256.241.201.10,A,B,C,C,B,Nonexistent,10.0.0.0,128.63.0.0,201.222.5.0,192.6.141.0,130.113.0.0,0.2.1.1,0.0.2.100,0.0.0.64,0.0.0.2,0.0.64.16,网络,172.16.0.0,172.16.0.0,不设子网的地址,172.16.0.1,172.16.0.2,172.16.0.3,.,172.16.255.253,172.16.255.254,网络,172.16.0.0,设置子网的地址,172.16.1.0,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0,172.16.4.0,子网地址,172.16.2.200,172.16.2.2,172.16.2.160,172.16.2.1,172.16.3.5,172.16.3.100,172.16.3.150,E0,172.16,网络,网络,端口,172.16.0.0,172.16.0.0,E0,E1,新路由表,2,160,主机,.,.,172.16.3.1,E1,子网地址,172.16.2.200,172.16.2.2,172.16.2.160,172.16.2.1,172.16.3.5,172.16.3.100,172.16.3.150,172.16.3.1,E0,E1,172.16,2,160,网络,主机,.,.,网络,端口,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0,E0,E1,新路由表,子网,子网掩码,172,16,0,0,255,255,0,0,255,255,255,0,IPAddress,DefaultSubnetMask,8-bitSubnetMask,Network,Host,Network,Host,Network,Subnet,Host,“,/16,”,表示子网掩码有,16,位,.,“,/24,”,表示子网掩码有,24,位,.,11111111,11111111,00000000,00000000,十进制和二进制的转换,10000000=128,11000000=192,11100000=224,11110000=240,11111000=248,11111100=252,11111110=254,11111111=255,128 6432168421,16,网络,主机,172,0,0,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,00000000,00000000,10100000,00000000,00000000,缺省情况下子网未划分,00000010,缺省情况下的子网掩码,172.16.2.160,255.255.0.0,网络号,扩展了,8,位地址的网络,利用子网掩码划分子网,16,网络,主机,172.16.2.160,255.255.,255,.0,172,2,0,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,11111111,00000010,10100000,00000000,00000000,00000010,子网,网络号,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,255,利用子网掩码划分子网,网络,主机,172.16.2.160,255.255.,255,.,192,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,11111111,00000010,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,子网,扩展了,10,位地址的网络,16,172,2,128,网络好,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,255,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,255,子网掩码练习,地址,子网掩码,类别,子网,172.16.2.10,10.6.24.20,10.30.36.12,255.255.255.0,255.255.240.0,255.255.255.0,子网掩码练习（答案）,地址,子网掩码,类别,子网,172.16.2.10,10.6.24.20,10.30.36.12,255.255.255.0,255.255.240.0,255.255.255.0,B,A,A,172.16.2.0,10.6.16.0,10.30.36.0,广播地址,172.16.1.0,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0,172.16.4.0,172.16.3.255,(Directed broadcast),255.255.255.255,(Local network broadcast),X,172.16.255.255,(All subnets broadcast),地址汇总示例,16,172,2,160,10101100,00010000,10100000,00000010,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,4,1,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,00000010,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,00000010,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,7,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,4,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,10,111111,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,4,5,6,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,10,111111,10,000001,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,4,5,6,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,00010000,11111111,11111111,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,10,111111,10,000001,10,111110,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,11111111,00000010,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,111111,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,000001,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,111110,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,16,172,2,160,地址汇总示例,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,11111111,00000010,10100000,11,000000,10,000000,00000010,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,111111,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,000001,10101100,00010000,00000010,10,111110,Host,Mask,Subnet,Broadcast,Last,First,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,172.16.2.128,172.16.2.191,172.16.2.129,172.16.2.190,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,16,172,2,160,IP Host Address:172.16.2.121,Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0,Subnet Address = 172.16.2.0,Host Addresses = 172.16.2.1172.16.2.254,Broadcast Address = 172.16.2.255,Eight bits of,subnetting,Network,Subnet,Host,10101100,00010000,00000010,11111111,172.16.2.121:,255.255.255.0:,10101100,11111111,Subnet:,10101100,00010000,00010000,11111111,00000010,00000010,11111111,01111001,00000000,00000000,B,类地址子网规划,Broadcast:,Network,子网划分,Other,subnets,192.168.5.16,192.168.5.32,192.168.5.48,20,子网,5,主机,/,子网,C,类地址：,192.168.5.0,11111,000,IP Host Address:192.168.5.121,Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248,Network,Subnet,Host,192.168.5.121:,11000000,11111111,Subnet:,11000000,10101000,10101000,11111111,00000101,00000101,11111111,01111001,01111,000,255.255.255.248:,C,类地址子网规划,Subnet Address = 192.168.5.120,Host Addresses = 192.168.5.121192.168.5.126,Broadcast Address = 192.168.5.127,Five Bits of,Subnetting,Broadcast:,Network,Network,11000000,10101000,00000101,01111111,广播地址练习,地址,类别,子网,广播地址,201.222.10.60,255.255.255.248,子网掩码,15.16.193.6,255.255.248.0,128.16.32.13,255.255.255.252,153.50.6.27,255.255.255.128,广播地址练习（答案）,153.50.6.127,地址,类别,子网,广播地址,201.222.10.60,255.255.255.248,C,201.222.10.63,201.222.10.56,子网掩码,15.16.193.6,255.255.248.0,A,15.16.199.255,15.16.192.0,128.16.32.13,255.255.255.252,B,128.16.32.15,128.16.32.12,153.50.6.27,255.255.255.128,B,153.50.6.0,配置交换机的管理性,IP,地址,Switch(config)#ip,address,ip,-address subnet-mask,（,1900,）,Switch(config)#ip,default-gateway,ip,-address,指明缺省网关,Switch(config)#intface,vlan,1,Switch(config-if)#ip,address,ip,-address subnet-mask,Catalyst 2900,的配置,Catalyst 1900,的配置,配置路由器的,IP,地址,指明,IP,地址和子网掩码,在路由器的端口配置模式下设置地址,配置第二的地址,Router(config-if)#ip,address,ip,-address subnet-mask,Switch(config)#intface,ehternet,0,Router(config-if)#ip,address,ip,-address subnet-mask secondary,利用,IP,地址静态映射主机地址,通过,IP,地址和主机名称选择端口,路由器的,IP,主机命名,Router(config)#ip,host,name,tcp,-port-number,address ,address,ip,host,Norine,172.16.3.1 192.168.3.1,ip,host Roger 172.16.4.3,指明一个或多个名称服务器来解析逻辑地址,路由器名称服务器的设置,Router(config)#ip,name-server,server-address1,server-address2,.,server-address6,DNS Server,缺省情况下,DNS,为,Enable,路由器的名称解析,Router(config)#ip,domain-lookup,Router(config)#end,Router#pat,Translating ”pat.domain server (255.255.255.255),% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#config,t,Router(config)#no,ip,domain-lookup,Router(config)#end,Router#pat,Translating ”pat,% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#,查看主机名称,Router#show hosts,Default domain is not set,Name/address lookup uses domain service,Name servers are 255.255.255.255,Host Flags Age Type,Address(es,),Norine,(perm, OK) 0 IP 172.16.100.100,Roger (perm, OK) 0 IP 172.16.100.101,Frank (perm, OK) 0 IP 172.16.200.200,Bob (perm, OK) 0 IP 172.16.200.201,显示主机列表,