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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,专八翻译汉译英常用技巧,Contents,二、句子翻译,1. 确定主干,2. 语序调整,3. 正反转换,4. 语态对译,5. 长句的翻译,一、词的翻译,1. 词义选择,2. 词类转换,3. 词的增补,4. 词的省略,5. 词的替代,一、词的翻译,1. 词义选择,1）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中,横行霸道,。,Before I fell ill, I had,been the bully,under our roofs owing to my doting parents.,横行霸道: 为所欲为，想干什么就干什么,Get everything my own way,Get all things my own way,Be bully,2）,钓鱼可分为,三个阶段,。,There are,three states,for fishing.,“三个阶段” 在这里指钓鱼的三种境界，因此不译为 three stages。,3）他是个,墙头草,，谁硬就跟谁。,He always,sits on the fence,and falls on the side of the stronger.,2. 词类转换,1）吃头两个主菜时，也是,赞不绝口,。,You will,be full of praise,while eating the first two main courses.,2）这样，每个地方都,有,自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。,Thus, every place,with,its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.,3）所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地,依赖,着。,Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly,dependent,on Nature.,4）大自然对人的,恩赐,，无论贫富，一律,平等,。,People, poor or rich, are,equally favored,by Nature.,3. 词的增补,1）有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。,A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people,in,good mood.,2）黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。,The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen,not with the best of intentions,.,4. 词的省略,1）种植庄稼和葡萄，,酿酒和饮酒,，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花,Planting crops and grapes,brewing and drinking wines, raising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers,2）用点,画成,线，用线,画成,平面，用平面,画成,立体。,With points,you can make,a line; with lines, planes; with planes, solids.,3）于是,转,怒为喜，,转,赞美为责备挑剔，,转,首肯为摇头。,Then happiness,turns,to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.,5. 词的替代,1）狡猾的人轻视学问；愚昧的人羡慕学问；聪明的人利用学问。,Crafty men contemn,studies, simple men admire,them, and wise men use,them,.,2）自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是,封建的政治,，其经济是,封建的经济,。,From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal,as were its politics and economy,.,3）得罪了你就,得罪了你,。,If you were offended,so be it,.,二、句子翻译,1. 确定主干,汉语句子的主干：主语谓语,1.1 确定主语,1）这个地区雨水较多。,A: It rains a lot in this area.,B: This area sees/witnesses much rain.,C: There is much rain in this area.,D: There are plenty of rainfalls in ,2）信不信是你自己的事。,It is your concern/business whether you believe me or not.,3）最好是等他们回来。,It may be advisable to wait till they come back.,Wed better wait till they come back.,Youd better,4）勤能补拙。,It is diligence that makes for deficiency.,1.2 确定谓语,1）在人际关系上我们不要,太浪漫主义,。,We shouldnt,be too romantic,about human relationships.,2）当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。,As long as,they are alive, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to,dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.,2. 语序调整,1）钓鱼是一项,能够陶冶性情,的运动，有益于身心健康。,Fishing is an outdoor sport,that can help cultivate your mind,and it is good for our mental and physical health.,2）我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。,Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.,Hustle and bustle 喧闹；喧嚣,3）一霎时，一阵被人,摒弃,，为世,所遗忘,的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。,In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at,being forgotten and abandoned,by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.,3. 正反转换,1）他,光着脚,进了屋子。,He entered the room,with no shoes on,.,2）那个房间的窗户总是,关着,。,The windows of that room were,never open,.,3）学习外语离不开好的词典。,A good dictionary,is indispensable for learning a foreign language.,4）她忍住了没有笑出声。,She,refrained from,laughing.,5）我,不能,忍受你的脾气。,Your temper is,more than,I can bear.,我突然想到了一个好主意。,Suddenly I came up with a good idea.,I hit upon a good idea.,A good idea occurred to me.,A good idea struck me.,4. 语态对译,1）考试后三日出榜。,The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.,2）,无可否认,，他是对的。,It cannot be denied,that he is right.,5. 长句的翻译,汉语：分析性为主，句子结构较松散。,英语：综合性为主，句子结构比较严谨。,常见汉译英技巧：,1）原序对译（顺译法）,2）分句合译,3）断句分译,（1）一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。,Once I was deposed into a cold palace on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.,（2）他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。,Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only,rendering/making,Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.,（3）一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？,误译1：Is there,a criteria,to measure how meaningful ones life is,.,误译2：,Are,there,any criterion,to measure the meaning of ones life?,误译3：,Are,there,any standard,to measure the significance of ones life?,Ref: What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement?,（4）一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。,译文1,：On a spring evening in the garden, flowers bloomed merrily, parents arranged a dinner, guests came together and bursts of laughter soared above.,译文2,：One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there.,（5）中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。,Chinese people has never,thought of / regarded,human being,as,the highest creature among everything since ancient times, whose,reflection/behavior,takes a quite appropriate proportion with all others in our natural world in both aspects of philosophy and arts, but not as an absolute dominant ruler.,
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