土建行业未来发展趋势课件

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level,*,*,土建行业未来发展趋势,1,土建行业未来发展趋势1,主要内容,2,土建行业发展现状,土建行业近,20,年的改革与发展,土建行业的发展方向,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,土建行业的工业化发展目标,土建行业的信息化（BIM）发展目标,土建行业发展策略讨论,主要内容2土建行业发展现状,土建行业发展现状,成就辉煌，体现中国人民的智慧,工程建设成就辉煌,完成了一系列世界瞩目的重大工程,完成上,百亿平方米,的住宅建筑,产业规模创历史新高,2015,年，建筑行业总产值占国民生产总值,20%,以上（约为,18,万亿,元）,能依靠本国力量自主实现高速发展,是从国外引进材料、技术、人才最少的行业之一,国际市场开拓取得新进展,年均增长,30%,以上,3,土建行业发展现状成就辉煌，体现中国人民的智慧3,问题不少，凸显发展理念陈旧、技术落后,不符合可持续发展战略,能耗居高不下，能耗占全国,1/3,，水泥用量占世界,59%,，,环境污染严重,生态环境时遭破坏,不符合现代产业发展要求,生产方式落后，劳动密集型，生产效率低,不符合信息时代管理模式发展方向,习惯于传统依照经验管理的模式,无法应对项目海量数据的及时处理,无法实现精细化管理的基本要求,4,土建行业发展现状（续）,问题不少，凸显发展理念陈旧、技术落后4土建行业发展现状（续）,近,20,年的改革,推行绿色土建工程以符合可持续发展战略,住建部和相关部委颁布的一系列推动绿色建筑的政策文件,推行预制装配式建筑以符合现代化产业发展要求,住建部和相关部委颁布的一系列推动建筑工业化的政策文件,推行信息化管理以符合信息时代管理模式的发展方向,住建部曾两次颁布建筑信息化发展纲要（,20032008,年，,20112015,年）,土建行业近,20,年的改革与发展,5,近20年的改革土建行业近20年的改革与发展5,改革效果不尽人意,发展目标太低、措施的技术含量太少,绿色建筑偏注于,建筑外墙保温,建筑工业化专注于预制,装配率,信息化窄指为建立,建筑信息模型,未按客观规律,改革，过度看重优惠政策的推动,绿色化、工业化、信息化,独立改革,，未能协调发展,出现迎合优惠政策，,为改革而改革,的劳民伤财等后果,6,土建行业近,20,年的改革与发展（续）,改革效果不尽人意6土建行业近20年的改革与发展（续）,土建行业的发展方向,贯彻国家五大发展理念，明确土建行业三大发展方向,贯彻,绿色,发展理念，坚持土建行业向,绿色化,方向发展，,实现,绿色土建工程,贯彻,创新,发展理念，坚持土建行业向,工业化,方向发展，,实现,新型建筑工业化,贯彻,共享,发展理念，坚持建筑行业向,信息化,方向发展，,实现,建筑一体化管理共享信息平台,7,土建行业的发展方向贯彻国家五大发展理念，明确土建行业三大发展,贯彻科学发展观，有效推动三大方向的发展,要有前瞻性的目标,绿色化目标,不能只满足外墙节能要求，而忽略其他,“,三节,”,和,“,一环保,”,工业化目标,不能只满足于预制装配率,信息化目标,不能只满足于建立建筑信息模型,要有科学的发展观,绿色化、工业化、信息化应,三位一体，协调发展,更要有明确的发展计划和重点,合理的,顶层设计,，以更有条件实现三大发展方向的钢结构为抓手，重点推进,8,土建行业的发展方向（续）,贯彻科学发展观，有效推动三大方向的发展8土建行业的发展方向（,我国对绿色建筑的定义,绿色建筑（,Green Buildings,）是指在建筑的,全寿命周期,内，最大限度地,节约资源,（节能，节地，节水，节材），,保护环境和减少污染,，,为人们提供健康、适用和高效的使用空间，,与自然和谐共生,的建筑。（摘自绿色建筑评价标准,GB/T50378-2014,）,简言之，绿色建筑就是在全寿命周期内,“,四节一环保,”,，满足使用功能的同时,与自然和谐共生,9,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色建筑,我国对绿色建筑的定义9土建行业的绿色化发展目标,土建行业绿色化发展,理念,坚持,国家的绿色发展,理念,坚持,节约资源和保护环境,的基本国策,坚持,可持续发展观,坚持符合,资源节约型、环境友好型,社会的要求,坚持形成,人与自然和谐共生,10,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色建筑（续）,土建行业绿色化发展理念10土建行业的绿色化发展目标,11,实现绿色土建工程必须覆盖项目的全寿命周期,实施各阶段,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色建筑（续）,11实现绿色土建工程必须覆盖项目的全寿命周期土建行业的绿色化,实现绿色土建工程应重点推进的工作,绿色设计,的创新理念,建筑设计：推行,“共享设计”,的绿色建筑设计理论，,“被动优先、主动优化”,的解决之道,通过,诊断、策划、创意、工程、反评估,五个环节达到更加节约资源、环境友好和有利于身心健康,通过,少拆除、多利用,，延长建筑使用寿命，,少人工、多天然,，推广适宜的节能环保技术；,少装饰、多生态,，引导健康的生活方式；,少扩张、多省地,，节约土地资源等达到很好的社会效益和环境效益,结构设计：推行,“,高强度、轻量化、耐久、可回收,”,的绿色结构设计理论；发展,“多重灾害下结构的性能恢复技术”,，延长使用寿命，减少重复建设,12,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色建筑（续）,实现绿色土建工程应重点推进的工作12土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色土建工程应重点推进的工作（续）,绿色建筑材料,和,再生材料,的利用,以化学外加剂为核心的高性能混凝土技术,高强度、高施工性、高耐久性,混凝土,再生骨料,混凝土的利用,高性能钢材的研制，包括,高强度、耐火、耐候、高韧性、耐震、易焊接,等性能的钢材,绿色施工技术和装备的开发,需提升对“绿色”及“环保”的认识,有效落实绿色施工各方责任,13,土建行业的绿色化发展目标,实现绿色建筑（续）,实现绿色土建工程应重点推进的工作（续）13土建行业的绿色化发,工业革命与建筑工业化发展,第一次工业革命:,人类进入了,“蒸汽机时代”,（ 18世纪60年代起）,制造业：以,机器代替手工劳动,建筑业：,预制装配,代替手工劳动,第二次工业革命:,人类进入了,“电气化时代”,（ 19世纪60年代起）,制造业：,自动化流水线成批生产,建筑业：体系建筑,流水线建造,14,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化,工业革命与建筑工业化发展14土建行业的工业化发展目标,工业革命与建筑工业化发展,（续）,第三次工业革命:,人类进入了“,信息化时代,”,（ 20世纪50年代起）,制造业：,信息化流水线成批,生产,建筑业：,BIM技术,控制下的,部品批量生产,第四次工业革命:,人类将进入“,智能化时代,”,制造业：逐步并全面实现,中国制造,2025,所描述的智能制造系统,建筑业：逐步并全面实现融入信息技术的,新型建筑工业化,15,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化（续）,工业革命与建筑工业化发展（续）15土建行业的工业化发展目标,目标,逐步并全面实现融入信息控制技术的智能制造系统,处于第三次（甚至第四次）工业革命的技术水平,技术具备以下特征,建筑设计,个性化,应能得到充分的发挥,建造,系统采用,可变的智能控制,技术和,柔性制造,系统,从,大规模,成批建造,走,向,大产量定制,建造,形成完备的部品,商品化,生产，实现,社会化生产,体制,实行,满足个性化要求的,菜单式订购,新型建筑工业化发展的,目标和技术特征,16,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化（续）,目标新型建筑工业化发展的目标和技术特征16土建行业的工业化发,妨碍新型建筑工业化实施的几个落后观念,观念一：工业化建造就是预制装配化,出现为工业化而装配化的费工费料的不良后果,观念二：现在的钢结构建筑已是工业化建造,形成以混凝土建筑为抓手实现工业化建造的不良局面,观念三：工业化建筑无法体现建筑个性化,造成建筑设计师不愿采用工业化建筑,观念四：总是瞄准为获得各种优惠政策的指标去做,违背工业化建造规律，造成劳民伤财的不良后果,+,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化（续）,妨碍新型建筑工业化实施的几个落后观念+土建行业的工业化发展目,土建行业工业化的发展理念,坚持国家的创新发展理念,坚持,新型建筑工业化,的目标，参照中国制造2025的部署，走,跨越式发展,的道路,坚持以达到,提高质量、增加效率、减少污染、节约资源和降低成本,等为追求目的,坚持以建筑,全寿命周期,内的各项指标作为衡量的综合指标,18,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化（续）,土建行业工业化的发展理念18土建行业的工业化发展目标,完成,“,九段九化,”,是实现新型建筑工业化的重点,积水公寓,M-1,型房屋,19,土建行业的工业化发展目标,实现新型建筑工业化（续）,完成“九段九化”是实现新型建筑工业化的重点积水公寓19土建行,完成,“,九段九化,”,是实现新型建筑工业化的重点（续）,标准化、系列化的部品可实现建筑设计个性化（,乐高建筑,）,20,土建行业的工业化发展目