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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Unit 13,Unit 13,Were trying to,save the earth!,Section A 3,Grammar Focus-4c,Revision,不同种类的污染,2.,河底,3.,把垃圾扔到河里,4.,在,中起作用,different kinds of pollution,the bottom of the river,throw rubbish into the river,play a part in,I. Check if you know these phrases.,5.,在中国南部,6.,对,有害,7.,在,顶部,8.,海洋生态系统,in southern China,be harmful to,at the top of,the oceans ecosystem,II. Translation.,1.,这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。,This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.,3.,鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。,4.,许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。,Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem.,A lot of people believe that sharks fins are good for health.,Learning objective,To review the use of,The Present Continuous Tense, passive voice, Present Perfect and Modal Verbs,.,Pay attention to the sentences.,1. We,re,trying,to save the earth.,2. The river,used to,be so clean.,3. The air,is,badly,polluted,.,4. No scientific studies,have shown,that shark fins are good for health.,5. We,should,help save the sharks.,Present progressive,used to,Passive voice,Present perfect,Grammar Focus,Modal verbs,They,are playing,basketball.,Nancy,is working,on a new book about stories in schools.,Why,are,you,always,coming,late for class?,正在发生,目前一段时间内正在进行,含说话者的强烈情感,现在进行时,现在进行时,:,Present progressive,结构,:,be (am/is/are) +,v,.-ing,标志词：,Look, Listen, now, right now,e.g.,Look,! The boy,is crying,.,定义：,表示说话时,(,瞬间,),正在进行的动作,也表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。或说话者的强烈情感。,What a fine day today!,Look! What are they doing?,Exercise,1. Paul, Im busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?,Just a minute. I _ my e-mail. (2017,河南,),A. am checking B. will check,C. have checked D. was checking,中考链接,A,2. Dont take the dictionary away, I _ it. (2017,河北,),A. use B. used,C. am using D. have used,C,used to do sth,.,表示过去常常做某事,而,现在往往不做了,后接动词原形。,be used to doing sth,.,表示,习惯于做某事,e.g. I,used to get up,at six oclock.,Joe,is used to drinking,a cup of coffee every morning.,used to do,与,be used to doing,Translation.,1.,她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。,She used to hang out with friends on weekends.,2.,他习惯晚睡。,He is used to staying up.,Exercise,My grandfather built this house in 1930.,This house was built (by my grandfather) in 1930.,Passive voice,be + V-ed,主,谓,宾,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,被动语态：,Passive voice,定义：,表示主语是动作的承受者，即行,为动作的对象的一种语态。,结构：,be +,过去分词,e.g.,A new school,was built,last year.,Our classroom,is cleaned,every day.,The first section of New College,English,is designed,for speaking practice,and,is based,on pictures and topics.,These computers,were made,in our own country last year.,Shall,we,be asked,to attend the opening ceremony?,一般现在时的被动语态：,am/is/are + V-ed,一般过去时的被动语态：,was/were+ V-ed,一般将来时的被动语态：,will/shall+be,+ V-ed,1.,某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词与一些副词连用表示被动意义。,smell, taste, prove, sell, etc.,1) The dish,tastes,delicious.,2) The theory,proved,right at last.,3) The book is so interesting that it,sells,well,.,4) The pen,writes,well,.,不可以变成被动语态的情况,need,做实意动词时，,need + V- ing,主动形式表示被动意义。,我的车需要修理。,My car,needs repairing.,(= to be repaired).,战争爆发了。,The war broke out.,但不能说：,The war was broken out.,3.,通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动 语态，不及物动词没有。,Translate the sentences by using Passive voice.,1.,刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。,2.,工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。,The museum was visited by some old people just now.,Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers.,Exercise,The mobile phone _ in 1973.,(2017,北京,),A. invents B. is invented,C. invented D. was invented,中考链接,D,2. Lets wait and see whether books _ by the Internet in the future. (2017,天津,),A. replace B. replaced,C. will be replaced D. were replaced,C,3. Why are you leaving your job?,I cant stand it any longer. I _ always _ to work overtime. (2017,河南,),A. am; asking B. am; asked,C. was; asking D. was; asked,B,Lily, clean your teeth please.,Mum, I,have,already,cleaned,them.,future,present,past,cleaned teeth,现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，并对现在有影响。,结构,:,has/have +,过去分词,标志词：,already, yet, ever, never, since, for,e.g. I,havent finished,my homework yet.,定义：,表示动作已经完成,但对现在造成影响,;,或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。,现在完成时,: Present perfect,Complete the following sentences.,I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.,2.,I _ never _ (hear) of that,man before.,3.,Tom _ (work) there since,two years ago.,have been,have,heard,has worked,Exercise,4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour.,5. He _ (play) basketball since three years ago.,6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet?,have washed,has played,has,sung,1. Lily is my classmate. We _ each other since she came to our school. (2017,北京,),A. know B. knew,C. have known D. will know,中考链接,C,2. I _ in the city since I left school. (2017,天津,),A. live B. will live,C. was living D. have lived,D,3. In the past few years, many schools _ the ways of doing morning exercises. (2017,重庆,),A. change B. changes,C. will change D. have changed,D,情态动词,用来表示能力、应该、请求等,后接动词原形。,1.,情态动词本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气,但不能单独作谓语,只能与其他动词构成谓语。,常见的有,:,can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would),等。,情态动词,2.,情态动词无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加,not,。个别情态动词有过去式形式,可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。,e.g. Ken,can,climb up the tress like a,koala.,Tracy,could,ride a bicycle when,she was five years old.,You,mustnt,play with fire. It is,dangerous.,Translation.,1.,我们不能在教室里吃东西。,2.,首先你必须完成作业。,3.,他现在不可能在家。,4.,她一定知道这个问题的答案。,Exercise,We cant eat in the classroom.,You must finish your homework first.,He cant be at home now.,She must know the answer to this question.,1. _ I park my car here for a while?,No, you mustnt. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? (2017,上海,),A. Would B. May,C. Must D. Should,中考链接,B,2. May I take the dog with me, sir?,_. Pets are not allowed to enter the hall. (2017,重庆,),A. Yes, you may B. No, you mustnt,C. Yes, you can D. No, you neednt,B,3. I dont care what people think.,Well, you _. Youre not alone in this world. (2017,河南,),A. can B. may,C. should D. will,C,4. I have traveled a lot. I _ speak four languages. (2017,河北,),A. can B. may,C. must D. need,A,4a,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in,an environmental project?,Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a,Clean-Up Day last year. It was,_ (consider) the biggest,clean-up project this city _ ever,_ (have).,Have,taken,helped,considered,had,had,参加,Joe: How many people _ (take) part?,Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000,people _ (come) to help out.,Joe:,Thats,fantastic! I guess everyone in,this city is _ (try) to improve,the environment.,Eric: Yes, we,cant,afford,to _ (wait),any longer to take action!,took,think,came,trying,wait,v.,承担得起,(,后果,),;,买得起,4b,Fill in the blanks with the appropriate,modal verbs from the box.,People _ think that big things,_ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things.,may/might,must/ have to,can would could have to should must may/ might,For example, you _,save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use,reusable,bags instead of plastic bags.,can/ could/ should,can would could have to should must may/ might,could/ can/ should,reusable adj.,可重复使用的,I think,its,a great idea that you now _,pay for,plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ ride your bike or walk.,If its,far, you _ take the bus.,have to,pay for,付费,;,付出代价,can/should/ could,can/could,can would could have to should must may/ might,All these,small things _ add up and become big things that _ improve the environment. Lets take action now!,can/ could,would/can/ could,采取行动,can would could have to should must may/ might,4c,Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.,use public,transportation (n.,交通运输,);,turn off the lights when you leave a room; use reusable bags instead of plastic bags; ride your bike or walk to school or work; stop using paper napkins (,n,.,餐巾纸,);recycle books and paper,Discussion,I think that everyone should use public transportation.,I disagree. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation,1. We cant,afford,to wait any longer to take action!,afford,v.,承担得起,;,买得起；提供,给予,常与,can, be able to,连用,afford sth,.,买得起,/,承受得起某物,afford to do sth,.,有能力做某事,/,负担得起做某事,e.g. Can you,afford the mobile,phone?,We cant,afford,to pay,such a price.,afford & buy,afford,侧重“,有经济能力买,”，而,buy,则侧重“,购买,(,这一行为,)”,。,表示“,我买不起,”,可以说,I cant afford .,，但不能说,I cant buy .,。,用,afford,或,buy,的适当形式填空。,1) They cant _ to send their children to college.,2) Can you _ a new car?,3) Helen _ some fruit on her way home yesterday.,afford,afford,buy,2.,save electricity by,turning off,the lights when you leave a room.,turn off,关掉,e.g.,睡觉前请关掉电视。,(,翻译,),Please,turn,the television,off,before you go to bed.,turn on,打开,发动,turn around,转身,turn up,调高,(,音量,),turn down,调低,;,拒绝,turn into,变成,;,进入,turn over,移交,拓展,: turn,相关短语,六种时态,时态,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在完成时,用法,表示经常性发生的动作、习惯性动作或客观真理、科学事实等。,表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。,表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。,表示过去某时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。,表示过去发生或者未发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果。,构成,方式,1.,动词,be(am,/is/are),+,表语,2.,动词原形,+,(,主语是第三人称单,数，动词也用第三人称单数,),1.,动词,was/were,+,表语,2.,实义动词的过,去式,+,be(am,/is/are) +,动词的现在分词,was / were +,动词的现在分词,1. will/shall +,动词原形,(shall,用于第一人称,),2. be going to +,动词原形,主语,+ have / has +,过去分词,+,句,型,变,化,疑,问,式,1. Be +,主语,+,?,2. Do/Does +,主语,+,动词原形,+,?,1. Was/Were +,主,语,+,?,2. Did +,主语,+,动词原形,+,?,Be +,主语,+,动词的现在分词,+,?,Was / Were +,主语,+,动词的现在分词,+,？,1. Will/Shall +,主语,+,动词原形,+,?,2. Be +,主语,+ going to +,动词原形,+,?,Have / Has +,主语,+,过去分词,+,？,否,定,式,1.,主语,+ be + not +,2.,主语,+dont/doesnt,+,动词原形,+,1.,主语,+ was/were,+ not +,2.,主语,+ didnt +,动词原形,+,主语,+ be + not,+,动词的现在分词,+,主语,+,wasnt (was not) /,werent (were not) +,动词的现在分词,+,1.,主语,+ will/shall not +,动词原形,+,2.,主语,+ be + not + going to +,动词原形,+,主语,+ havent / hasnt +,过去分词,+,时态,主动语态,被动语态,一般现在时,do / does,am / is / are + done,一般过去时,did,was / were + done,一般将来时,will / be going to + do,will / be going to + be + done,一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的主动结构和被动结构,(,以动词,do,为例,),：,Choose your lucky number!,1,2,3,4,5,6,Homework,Finish the exercises in the workbook.,Preview the new words and expressions.,二等奖,看图写对话：,A:_.,B:_.,Where are the keys?,Theyre on the desk.,三等奖,Where _(be) our Chinese books?,Look! My schoolbag _(be) on the desk.,are,is,三等奖,1. -Where_ my English book?,-Its in the desk.,A. are B. is C. am,2. Where are his pencils?,- _ in the pencil box.,A. He is B. It is C. They are,二等奖,1.,Where,are,my books?,Its,on the desk.,A B C _,C-Theyre,一等奖,写出下列词组。,1,. 在课桌下 _,_,_,2,. 在椅子上 _,_,_,3.,在书包里面,_,under the desk,on the chair,in the schoolbag,特别奖,
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