智能飞行器技术PPT课件

,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,可编辑,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,可编辑,*,智能飞行器技术,邱志平 教授,智能飞行器技术邱志平 教授,报告内容,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器发展需求与历史,智能变体飞行器研究方法,已开展的工作介绍,结论,报告内容School of Aeronautical Sci,人类的飞行世纪,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,1903,年莱特兄弟“飞行者一号”,1942,年 第一架喷气飞机,Me-262,1952,年第一架喷气客机“彗星”,第一架商业成功运营客机波音,707,前五十年,走进喷气时代,人类的飞行世纪School of Aeronautical,人类的飞行世纪,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,后五十年,大型化、高速化,最大的客机,-A380,，,2005,年,最快的客机,-,“协和”，,1969,年,最大的飞机,-An225,，载重,250t,无人机，,2003,年,人类的飞行世纪School of Aeronautical,人类的飞行世纪,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,新一代作战飞行器,高隐身性能、高机动性,美国,F-22,，,1990,年首飞,美国,F-35,，,2006,年首飞,俄罗斯,T-50,，,2010,年首飞,中国,J-20,，,2011,年首飞,人类的飞行世纪School of Aeronautical,人类的飞行世纪,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,未来的发展？,X43,高超声速飞行器,X45,无人攻击机,SAI-SAX40,静音飞行器,X50,新概念飞行器,人类的飞行世纪School of Aeronautical,NASA,的构想,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,捕食者,侦察、攻击,全球鹰,长航时侦察,X45 ,攻击、高隐身能力,智能变体飞行器,任务自适应、,提高飞行性能,NASA的构想School of Aeronautical,智能变体飞行器的概念,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器的概念School of Aeronautic,智能变体飞行器的概念,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器的概念School of Aeronautic,智能变体飞行器的概念,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器的概念School of Aeronautic,变体飞行器发展历史,-,鸟类的启示,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,起飞,翱翔,低空飞行,减速飞行,着陆,转向,变体飞行器发展历史-鸟类的启示School of Aeron,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,变体飞行器发展历史,可收放式起落架,增升装置,变后掠翼,可变倾角机头,倾转旋翼,推力矢量喷口,刚性变体形式,School of Aeronautical Science,变体飞行器发展历史,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,AFTI/F111,验证机,BAC 1-11,试验机与自适应机翼剖面,柔性变体形式,-,任务自适应机翼,变体飞行器发展历史School of Aeronautica,变体飞行器发展历史,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,柔性变体形式,-,主动气动弹性机翼,变体飞行器发展历史School of Aeronautica,变体飞行器发展历史,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,柔性变体形式,-NASA,兰利的方案,变体飞行器发展历史School of Aeronautica,变体飞行器发展历史,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,柔性变体形式,-,变体飞行器结构（,MAS,）,NextGen ,滑动蒙皮方案,Lockhead Martin ,旋转,/,折叠机翼方案,变体飞行器发展历史School of Aeronautica,智能变体飞行器的概念,变体飞行器的涵义：,NASA:,“变体”（,Morphing,）,=,高效、多点适应性。,高效,（与传统飞行器相比）：结构更简单、重量效率更高、能量效率更高、容积效率更高；,多点,：多种任务剖面；,适应性,：功能扩展及在多种飞行条件下保持最优性能。,DARPA,和,AFRL:,“变体”,=,状态可变。,NATO,：“变体”,=,实时自适应以在多种飞行条件下保持性能最优。,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器的概念变体飞行器的涵义：School of A,智能变体飞行器的概念,“智能变体飞行器”将新型智能材料、新型作动器、激励器、传感器无缝隙地综合应用到飞行器的机翼上，通过应用灵敏的传感器和作动器，对不断改变的飞行条件做出响应，光滑而持续地改变机翼的形状，使飞行器始终保持最佳的性能和执行多种形式的作战任务。,通过智能变体技术，可实现：,提高飞行品质，扩展飞行包线；,代替常规控制面，提高飞行控制性能和隐身能力；,减小阻力，增加航程；,减小振动影响，实现颤振主动控制。,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器的概念“智能变体飞行器”将新型智能材料、新型作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,学科研究方法,-,材料,/,结构,-,流体力学,-,控制,-,气动弹性,变体飞行器,研究方法,系统研究方法,-,任务需求分析,-,概念设计方法,-,多学科设计优化,智能结构力学,流场控制,智能控制,多场耦合分析,多尺度分析,School of Aeronautical Science,智能变体飞行器研究方法,任务需求分析：,需要解决的问题：为什么要使用变体飞行器技术？何时使用？,并不是在所有的情况下使用变体飞行器技术都是最高效的。,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,重量,费用,性能,Trade-off,智能变体飞行器研究方法任务需求分析：School of Ae,智能变体飞行器研究方法,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法School of Aeronauti,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-,概念设计,Buckle-Wing concept,Flexible multi-body concept,Variable gull-wing concept,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-,概念设计,Telescoping-Wing concept,Swing Wing concept,Aft sweeping Wing concept,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-MDO,智能变体飞行器的构想主要来源于仿生，精髓是集成，即知识集成、技术集成、结构集成、系统集成。,智能变体飞行器研制中涉及的主要问题包括变形体空气动力学、微流体力学、智能流动控制等,对发动机推进、新材料、新结构、新工艺、控制技术、测量技术、电子设备、新型高效能源技术等方面也提出了更高的要求和新的挑战。,为了使基于智能结构的飞行器的性能达到最优，针对智能结构的对传感器和驱动器的位置、控制器参数、结构参数、翼形变化的规律进行多学科综合优化设计的方法展开研究。,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-MDO,总体参数优化,多学科设计优化,序列优化设计,目标,目标,总体参数优化,包含多个学科,分析模型简单,适用范围有限,在一台计算机上,序列优化设计,分析模型的精度较高,串行模式，周期长,自动化程度低,难于获得整体最优解,多学科设计优化,包含多个学科，整体最优,采用高精度的分析模型,适用于新概念飞行器,分布式计算模式,飞行器,MDO,是飞行器传统优化方法的新发展,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-MDO,非线性,CFD/CSD,优化流程图,School of Aeronautical Science,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,2024/8/28,27,可编辑,THANK YOUSUCCESS2023/9/427,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-MDO,气动,/,结构,/,动力学耦合分析,Jamshid A. Samareh,等，,2007,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,结构,/,材料,B,E,C,D,A,变形机构,自适应结构,多功能材料,智能驱动器,智能蒙皮,需求：,大尺度变形；,轻质；,高强度比；,高效驱动器,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,变形机构,变后掠翼飞机使用的枢轴机构依然有应用前景,传动机构是实现机翼伸展和折叠变形的关键,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,自适应结构,主动桁架结构是实现机翼平面变形的关键,各种改变翼肋形状的结构可以实现翼型和机翼弯度的改变,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,多功能材料,压电材料特点：,贴片形式,小应变,快速响应,结构完整性,压电陶瓷材料改变机翼形状,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,多功能材料,形状记忆合金特点,大应变,低速响应,热激励,形状记忆合金驱动器改变机翼剖面形状,形状记忆合金发动机罩后缘：降噪、降低热辐射,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,多功能材料,形状记忆聚合物,多稳态材料,电,/,磁流变液材料,超磁致伸缩材料,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能蒙皮,智能蒙皮是在飞行器蒙皮中植入传感元件、驱动元件和微处理控制系统，从而实现流体边界层控制等功能。,智能蒙皮通过控制把边界层维持层流状态，或者对湍流进行控制，大大减小飞行器飞行中的阻力，延迟在机翼的空气流动分离，从而提高飞行器性能，减小燃料的消耗。,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能蒙皮,通过各种新型的智能材料实现蒙皮的自适应性,柔性蜂窝蒙皮,（零,/,负刚度、泊松比材料）,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能驱动器,由于变形飞行器需要在高速飞行下在很短的时间 内完成机翼形状的改变，因此需要高效、轻质、高可靠性的新型驱动器来完成飞行器外形的改变。同时，驱动器的布置，即如何实现均匀传送载荷的分布式驱动器系统也是研究的重点。,机翼折叠,压电驱动器,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能驱动器,真正的变形飞行器是新型变形机构、自适应结构、智能材料、智能驱动器无缝地综合应用与飞行器的一种新的设计理念。,洛马公司,MAS,方案通过高效压电驱动器、转动机构、可伸展蒙皮实现,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能驱动器,新一代公司,MAS,方案通过分布式驱动器、主动桁架结构、可滑动蒙皮实现,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-,流场控制,机翼后缘自适应结构可以代替铰链连接的传统控制面，实现流场控制，改善后缘气流特性，降低噪声，改善隐身性能，提高操纵品质。,School of Aeronautical Science,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-,多体动力学分析,可变形结构多场耦合的非线性力学与控制的建模与仿真，实现更高精度和柔性的动态变形过程控制建模与仿真。,- Brian Sanders,等，,2006,年,School of Aeronautical Science,智能变体飞行器研究方法,-,控制系统,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,外形控制,飞行控制,机械动力学系统的建模、简化与控制；,智能结构的精确动态形状控制；,共享信道的大规模分布式系统的协调控制；,非线性气动弹性与主动变形耦合系统的控制；,变体飞行器的多体系统建模与简化；,变体飞行器飞行控制技术。,关键技术：,智能变体飞行器研究方法-控制系统School of Aero,未来大型飞机应用,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,起落架收起,起落架放下,主要噪声源：起落架、增升装置、离散操纵面等,离散操纵面,连续操纵面,降噪,未来大型飞机应用School of Aeronautical,未来大型飞机应用,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,智能变体技术,提高燃油效率，减少废弃物排放,以上数据基于空客,A340-Wolfgang Schneider, EADS Airbus,未来大型飞机应用School of Aeronautical,开展的工作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,1,方案设计：,伸缩变后掠机翼,模型设计；,模型制造；,模型试飞。,2,系统分析方法：,多学科设计优化；,不确定性优化；,结构可靠性优化。,3,材料,/,结构方法：,材料,/,结构一体化设计；,自适应结构设计,开展的工作School of Aeronautical Sc,开展的工作,任务需求分析：,变后掠翼：,在不同飞行速度下保持最优气动外形；,可伸缩机翼：,改变机翼面积、改变展弦比获得最优气动外形，不对称伸缩可实现滚转控制。,在已有的技术上重新设计机构、减轻机构重量。,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,不同气动布局下的最大升阻比,开展的工作任务需求分析：School of Aeronaut,开展的工作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,试飞模型,外翼和可伸缩内翼,变形机构,开展的工作School of Aeronautical Sc,开展的工作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,CATIA,数字样机模型,开展的工作School of Aeronautical Sc,开展的工作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,地面变形,开展的工作School of Aeronautical Sc,开展的工作,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,试飞现场,空中变形,开展的工作School of Aeronautical Sc,总结,智能变体飞行器有诸多优势：,扩充飞行包线，适应多任务模式,替换操纵面，改善飞行性能和隐身能力,减小阻力，增大航程,减振，实现颤振主动控制,智能变体飞行器的研究方法主要从两方面出发：,系统分析方法,各学科分析方法,变体飞行器并不是在所有的情况下都是最好的选择，必须对飞行器的任务需求做好分析；,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,总结 智能变体飞行器有诸多优势：School of Aero,总结,集成、耦合是变体飞行器技术的主要特点；,材料,/,结构依然是制约变体飞行器发展的主要因素；,各学科都将面临新的挑战：使用非常规设计方法提高飞行器的效率；,智能飞行器技术将大大推动飞行器设计技术的的发展。,School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beihang University,总结集成、耦合是变体飞行器技术的主要特点；School of,Thank You !,Thank You !,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,2024/8/28,54,可编辑,THANK YOUSUCCESS2023/9/454,