英语简单句的五种基本句型课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语简单句的,五种,基本句型,英语简单句的,1,1. They work hard.,2. The desk feels hard.,3. Plants need water.,4. He gave me some seeds.,5. We should keep the plants in the shade.,1. They work hard.,2,1.They work hard.,主 + 谓,2.The desk feels hard.,主 + 系 + 表,3.Plants need water.,主 + 谓 + 宾,1.They work hard.,3,4.He gave me some seeds.,主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 介宾,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补,4.He gave me some seeds.,4,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成,五种基本句型,及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。,掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础,。,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略,5,英语五种基本句型,：,1.,+,(主谓),2.,+,(主系表),3.,+,(主谓宾),4.,+IO +D,(主谓间宾,直宾）,5.,+ + +O,(主谓宾,宾补),英语五种基本句型：,6,基本句型 一,+（主谓）,此句型的句子的,谓语动词,都,能表达完整的意思,。,这类动词叫做,不及物动词,，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,基本句型 一,7,（不及物动词）,1. Time,2. The moon,3. The man,4. We all,5. Everybody,6. I,7. They,8. He,9.He,10.They,flies.,rose.,cooked.,eat, and drink.,laughed.,woke.,talked for half an hour.,walked yesterday,.,is playing.,have gone., （不及物动词）1. Time flies.,8,练习,1鸟在飞翔。,2她的宝宝在哭。,3太阳正在落山。,4谁也没笑。,Birds are flying.,Her baby is crying.,The sun is setting.,No one laughed.,练习1鸟在飞翔。Birds are flying. Her,9,练习2,5你唱得很美。,6 我咳了一夜。,7 我们很少在外边吃饭。,8 昨天发生了事故。,You sing beautifully.,I coughed all night.,We seldom dine out.,The accident occurred yesterday.,练习25你唱得很美。You sing beautifully,10,常用的不及物动词（vi.),run, swim, jump, rise, laugh, fly, come, go等。,属性动词:,wash, sell, record, wear, read, write等与well, easily等副词连用，也构成主谓。,常用的不及物动词（vi.),11,基本句型 二, + +（主系表）,此句型的句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做,连系动词,。,基本句型 二,12,Our school,became,larger and larger,.,city/become/beautiful,feel/happy,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,Our school became larger and l,13,练习,1今天我感觉不太舒服。,2 他看上去很累。,3 你的汤味道很好。,4 她似乎对计划不感兴趣。,I dont feel very well today.,He looks very tired.,Your soup tastes very good.,She doesnt seem very interested in the plan.,练习1今天我感觉不太舒服。I dont feel very,14,5 天越来越冷了。,6 孩子不久就睡着了。,7 他长得相当高了。,8 听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。,Its getting cold.,Soon the child fell asleep.,She went pale at the news.,He has grown quite tall.,5 天越来越冷了。Its getting cold. So,15,系动词主要分三类,：,be, look, feel, smell, taste, sound,seem, appear,get, grow, become, turn, go, come,prove (turn out),stay, keep, remain,be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义,系动词主要分三类：,16,基本句型 三, + +（主谓宾）,此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但,不能表达完整的意思,，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做,及物动词,。,基本句型 三,17,（实义动词）,(宾语),1. Who,2. She,3. He,8. He,5. They,6. I,7. He,the answer?,her.,English.,cakes.,some apples.,to have a cup of tea.,Good morning,.,knows,laughs at,understands,made,ate,want,said,（实义动词）(宾语) 1. Who the ans,18,练习1,1过去二十年我们取得了很大的成就。,2 他们很快控制了病情。,3 他们只是在建空中楼阁。,Weve achieved a lot in the past twenty years.,They soon controlled the disease.,They are just building castles in the air.,练习11过去二十年我们取得了很大的成就。Weve achi,19,4 我十分欣赏你们的表演。,5 顾客要求退款。,6 这会造成错误的印象。,7 我们总是交换圣诞节礼物的。,I enjoyed every minute of your performance.,The customer demanded a refund.,We always exchange Christmas gifts.,That will create a wrong impression.,4 我十分欣赏你们的表演。I enjoyed every m,20,基本句型 四,+IO +D,(主谓间宾直宾,),此句型的句子谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是指人，另一个是指物, 通常指人的宾语用一个介词（to或for）来连接，当,指人的宾语在指物的宾语,之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,基本句型 四,21,（及物）,（多指人）,（多指物）,1.She,2.She,3. He,8. He,5. I,6. I,7. I,4. He,passed,cooked,brought,bought,showed,gave,told,showed,him,her husband,you,her,him,him,me,a new dress.,a delicious meal.,a dictionary.,nothing.,my pictures.,a hand.,how to run the machine.,that the bus was late.,（及物）（多指人）（多指物）1.Shepassed h,22,My friend,lent,me,this book,last week,.,owe/money/last year,buy/bicycle/next Christmas,tell/news/the day before yesterday,主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,S + V +(sb)+(sth),My friend lent me this book la,23,练习,1 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。,2 我去给你沏点新鲜茶。,3 这会省去你很多麻烦。,4 请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。,She sang us an English song.,Ill make you some fresh tea.,That will save you a lot of trouble.,Please fetch me todays paper.,练习1 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。She sang us a,24,4 把车钥匙递给我。,5 把你们的计划用传真发给我们。,6 你可否把书单用电子邮件发给我？,7 把那本书扔给我。,Hand me the car key.,Please fax us your plans.,Throw me that book.,Can you e-mail me the book list?,4 把车钥匙递给我。Hand me the car key.,25,常用的带双宾语的动词,常用的带双宾语的动词,26,常跟双宾语的动词,give, offer, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,cost,make, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, find等。,常跟双宾语的动词give, offer, teach, te,27,to,for,take, give, teach, bring, lend, mail, offer, pass, hand, sell, send, show, throw, answer, award, write, grant, permit, promise, pay,do, buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order,paint,play(,演奏)，,save, sing,tofortake, give, teach, bring,28,基本句型 五,+（主谓宾宾补）,此句型的句子特点是： 动词虽然是及物动词，但是一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语才能使意思完整。,基本句型 五,29,（及物）,O（宾语）,O（宾补）,1. We,2. They,3. They,4. They,5. What,6. We,7. He,8. I,the table,the,door,supper,the house,him,him,me,them,clean.,green.,dinner.,dirty.,sad?,out.,to come back.,getting on the bus,.,keep,painted,call,found,makes,saw,asked,saw,（及物）O（宾语）O（宾补）1. We the tab,30,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S + V + (O) + (OC),I found him lying in bed.,hear/cry/next room,notice/thief/steal/house,feel/building/shake,see/trees/plant/mountain,主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语I found him ly,31,I,obliged,him,to do his homework,.,he/teach/pupils/speak/English,she/advise/him/listen/every day,she/allow/me/use/dictionary,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S + V + (O) + (OC),I obliged him to do his homewo,32,She,thinks,it,right,for her to do so,.,consider/wrong,find/difficult,think/a good idea,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S + V + (O) + (OC),She thinks it right for her to,33,练习1,1我们把窗框漆成了黄色。,2 她把连衣裙染成淡蓝色。,3 他发现这工作很有意思。,4 什么使你这样生气？,We painted the window frames yellow.,She dyed her dress light blue.,He found the job quite interesting.,What made you so angry?,练习11我们把窗框漆成了黄色。We painted the,34,5 我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做好。,6 你们必须保持房间干净。,7 我认为这没有必要。,8 不久他们就把她释放了。,We must get the supper ready in half an hour.,You must keep the room clean.,Soon they set her free.,I dont think it necessary.,5 我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做好。We must get t,35,常用的带复合宾语的动词,think, consider, feel, find, have, see, hear, notice, get, leave, ask, tell,etc.,常用的带复合宾语的动词,36,典型句子分析,典型句子分析,37,除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。,除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的,38,We found the hall full.,我们发现礼堂坐满了。,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers.,我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers listening to an important report.,我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。,We found the hall full.,39,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.,我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。,We found the great hall full o,40,不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。,He,s getting,angry.,(S V P),Youll,get,a surprise.,(S V O),不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词,41,He,got,his shoes and socks wet.,(S V O OC),He,got,himself into trouble.,(S V O OC),He,got,her a splendid present.,(S V IO DO),He got his shoes and socks wet,42,比 较,I found the book easily.,（S V O AD),I found the book easy.,(S V O OC),比 较,43,He often looks very careful.,He often looks carefully at me.,S V P,S V prep O,He often looks very careful.S,44,Even though there may be a tendency in some rare families to live extraordinarily long, the genetic influence that emerged from the studies of twins was significantly less than much of the public and many scientists think it is.,S+V+P,Even though there may be,45,