电焊工安全教育培训课件

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/21/2020,#,Welding,Welding joins two pieces of metal by the use of heat and/or pressure,Brazing or soldering involves a filler metal which has a lower melting point than the metal pieces to be joined,Metal cutting is done by heating the metal with a flame and directing a stream of pure oxygen along the line to be cut,Types,Arc Welding,Shielded Metal Arc Welding(SMAW),Metal Inert Gas(MIG),Tungsten Inert Gas(TIG),Plaza Arc Welding(PAW),Submerged Arc Welding(SAW),And Many More.more than 80 in all,Health HazardsGases&Fumes,Generally,gases and fumes come from,Base material&filler material,Coatings&paints,Shielding gases&chemical reactions,Process&consumables used,Contaminants in the air,Health HazardsGases&Fumes,Welding“Smoke”is a mixture of very fine particles called fumes and gases,Welding“Smoke”contains fumes and gases including,Chromium,nickel,arsenic,asbestos,manganese,silica,beryllium,cadmium,nitrogen oxides,phosgene,acrolein,fluorine compounds,carbon monoxide,cobalt,copper,lead,ozone,selenium,and zinc,cancer causing agents include:cadmium,nickel,beryllium,chromium,and arsenic,Health Hazards,Exposure to welding“smoke”may have,Short-term effects,Effects happen at or very soon after exposure,Long-term effects,Effects may happen after repeated overexposures or an extended time after the exposure,Short-term exposures,Welding“smoke”can:,irritate the eyes,nose,chest and respiratory tract,cause coughing,wheezing,shortness of breath,bronchitis,pulmonary edema,and pneumonitis,cause nausea,loss of appetite,vomiting,cramps,and slow digestion,Long-term exposures,Studies of have shown that welders have an increased risk of lung cancer and,possibly,cancer of the larynx and urinary tract,Welders may experience a variety of chronic respiratory problems,including:,Bronchitis,asthma,pneumonia,emphysema,pneumoconiosis,decreased lung capacity,silicosis,and siderosis,Long-term exposures,Other health problems include:,Heart disease,skin diseases,hearing loss,chronic gastritis,ulcers of the stomach and small intestine,other reproductive risks,Other Health Hazards,Heat exposure,Heat stress,heat stroke,Skin burns and skin cancer,Noise,Can result in stress,increased blood pressure,may contribute to heart disease,tiredness,nervousness,and irritability,Other Health Risks,Eye damage-More than 5%of all eye injuries in the construction industry are associated with welding,cutting,and brazing,damage to retina,damage to cornea,resulting in cataracts,permanent eye damage,Invisible UV light can cause“arc eye”or“welders flash”,May include sandy or gritty eye,blurred vision,intense pain,tearing,burning and headache,EYE INJURIES,RETINAL INJURIES,CATARACTS,KERATITIS,EYE INJURIES,Hearing Loss,HEARING LOSS CAN BE CAUSED BY HAZARDOUS NOISE LEVELS,EXPOSURE TO ULTRAVIOLET RADIATIONCAN CAUSE SEVERE SKIN BURNS,EPIDERMIS,DERMIS,SUBDERMIS,REDUCED POWER AND PAIN,DUE TO DISTORTED POSTURE,Electrical Hazards,Even though welding generally uses low voltage,there is still a danger of electric shock,Wet work areas,cramped work spaces,Falls,fractures and other accidents can result from electrical exposure,Even small shock can cause brain damage,Death can occur from large shocks,Electrical Precautions,Always use dry gloves,Always wear rubber soled shoes,Always use insulating layers,Protect yourself from surfaces that conduct,electricity,When working on electrically powered machinery,make,sure the frame is grounded,Keep insulation on all welding equipment and,components,dry and in good condition,Dont change electrodes with bare hands,wet,gloves,or while standing on wet or ungrounded,surfaces,Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),PPE must be used in conjunction with engineering controls and safe work practices,Use of one does not eliminate the need for the other,Eye protection should be used in all welding operations,Wear face shields or helmets and goggles or safety glasses,Use appropriate filters on eye protection,General Precautions,Construction personnel that is welding should be properly trained and qualified,Inspect work area for fire hazards before welding(there must not be present any kind of paper,oil,paper box or any thing which can caught by fire easily).,Dont welding in wet place.,Make provisions for ventilation before welding,Compressed gas cylinders should always be secured in an upright position when not in use and handled with extreme care,General Precautions,Gas cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet away from flammable materials and heat sources in Vertical position.,Oxygen cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet away from gas cylinders and combustible materials.,When not possible,use a 5 ft tall noncombustible barrier with a 30 min.fire-resistance rating or better,General Precautions,All combustible materials should be removed from welding area or covered with noncombustible material,prior to welding,If covered,a worker that has experience using a fire extinguisher should be posted near as fire watch,Workers should stand to the rear or side of regulators when opening valves on tanks,Proper PPE should be worn,even by workers not welding,Other Precautions,Dont weld on painted surfaces,Properly maintain equipment,Proper housekeeping,Use lowest possible amperage,Hold electrode perpendicular and close to work surface,Never weld or cut within 200 feet of degreasing equipment or solvents,Protective Clothing,Fire resistant gauntlet gloves,Head cap,High top hard toed shoes,Face shield,Flame retardant clothing,Safety Glasses,Safety helmet,Hearing plugs and/or muffs,FIRE HAZARDS,Fire and Explosion Precautions,Never weld or cut on containers that have held a flammable or combustible material unless the container is thoroughly cleaned or filled with an inert gas,A fire inspection should be performed prior to leaving a work area and for at least 30 minutes after the operation is completed,Fire extinguishers should be nearby,of proper size,type and number for the hazards involved,Indoor Cylinder Storage,Trips and Falls,Keep work areas clear of equipment,machines,cables,and hoses,Always properly maintain and use handrails,Always use and maintain safety lines,harnesses and lanyards,Always make sure that scaffolds are properly assembled and used,Welding Hazards in Confined Space,A work area with limited access,little or no airflow,not intended for continuous occupation,May also have dangerous atmospheres,hazardous configurations,or other hazards,All employees working in or around confined space must be trained,Adequate ventilation must hold fumes and smoke to levels within the safe breathing range set forth in 29 CFR 1926 subpart D,Welding Hazards in Confined Space,No worker should work in an area with less than 19.5%or more than 23.5%oxygen content,Use continuous mechanical ventilation and proper respiratory protection,When adequate ventilation cannot be achieved,workers must be provided with air supplying respirators as described in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E,Welding Hazards in Confined Space,Always leave gas cylinders and welding power sources outside the confined space,Only take hoses or welding leads into confined space and remove when leaving for breaks,shift or crew changes,All pipes,ducts,and power lines that are not necessary for the work should be disconnected/locked out/tagged out,Dangerous Machinery,All machines in the area with moving parts must be guarded to prevent workers contact,e.g.hair,clothing,fingers,When repairing machinery by brazing and welding,power must be disconnected,locked out,and tagged so the machinery cannot be started up accidentally,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Subject to damage,from other activities in,the vicinity,Cylinder laying,in a horizontal,position.,Electrical cord in,Contact with the,cylinder,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinders are not protected from falling.Note,that the Chain is not secured across.,Chain,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Cylinder not secured,2.Cylinder should be stored,3.Subject to damage.,4.Electrical cord draped over.,Electrical,Cord,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Small cylinder not tied off,2.Combustibles stored with cylinders,3.Bad housekeeping,4.,Acetylene and Oxygen stored,too close together and no chain.,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Cylinder with no valve or cap installed,2.Laying horizontal on the ground,3.Subject to damage,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinder is damaged.Should be taken out of service immediately!,Electrical arc,damage,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinder should be in storage protected from damage and not,laying on the ground regardless if it is full or empty,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Old,corroded cylinder that should have been disposed,of a long time ago.,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Cylinders laying on the ground and improperly stored,2.Subject to damage from forklift operation in vicinity,Forklift,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Feed line exposed to damage/leak that could cause a fire/explosion,2.Tripping Hazard,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,1.Inadequate housekeeping,2.Valve caps should be installed.,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Acetylene,Cylinder,Unsecured acetylene cylinder 2.Exposed to damage,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Unsecured cylinders,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Regulator left pressurized after use,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Improper Storage,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Tie Off?,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Improper storage of cylinders-acetylene and oxygen stored next to each other,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Evidence of smoking next to acetylene cylinders,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,This cylinder should be taken to storage and,housekeeping should be improved.,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Unsecured,cylinder,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Unsecured Cylinder,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cooking equipment,within 20 ft,of containers,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Tied,Not Tied,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,oxy-acetylene torch connected,To bottles without the torch connected.,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,No cap installed,Not in use.,Should be,Stored.,Housekeeping,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinder not in use,with regulators still,On the cylinder,Free standing,cylinder,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Free standing,cylinder,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Free standing cylinders,Chain,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinder,tied only,With a bungee,cord,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinders not,Secured properly,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Free standing,cylinders,Exposed to damage,From construction,Activities in area,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Free standing,cylinders,Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety,Cylinder laying on its side,Thank You,