电机学英文版ppt课件

Electric Machinery and Drive Fall Semester 2009Dept.of Electrical EngineeringElectric Machinery and DriveDePowerPoint Slidesto accompanyElectric MachineryFourth EditionStephen J.ChapmanChapter 1Introduction to Machinery PrinciplesPowerPoint SlidesChapter 1Objectives To instill an understanding of the underlying electromagnetic effects permitting electric machine operation and introduce basic machine types To describe the construction of these machines To examine the main types of these machines To be skilled in analyzing the characteristic of these machinesIntroduction and OverviewObjectivesIntroduction and OveReference Books 1.Theodore Wildi.Electrical Machines,Drives,and Power Systems(Fifth Edition)Pearson Education.2002 2.A.E.Fitzgerald,Charles Kingsley,Jr.,Stephen D.Umans Electric Machinery(Sixth Edition)McGraw-Hill.2003 3.李发海 王岩.电机与拖动基础 北京：清华大学出版社，1994.4.顾绳谷.电机及拖动基础(上、下册)北京：机械工业出版社，19805.汤蕴缪 史乃.电机学 第二版 北京：机械工业出版社，2005.16.姚舜才付 巍 赵耀霞 电机学与电力拖动技术 北京：国防工业出版社，2006.1Reference BooksWhat is an Electric-Machine Drive?What is an Electric-Machine Dr电机学英文版ppt课件Type of Electrical MachinesEMMotorGeneratorDC MotorAC MotorSeparately ExcitedNon-Separately ExcitedSeriesShuntCompoundSynchronousAsynchronousSingle PhaseDouble PhaseThree PhaseDC GeneratorAC GeneratorType of Electrical MachinesEMMAngular PositionAngular VelocityAngular AccelerationAngular PositionTorque T T=(Force Applied)(Perpendicular Distance)=(F)(r sin )Newtons Law of Rotation T=JWork WPower PTorque TElectric Drives An electric drive is a system that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy Parts:electric motor(or several)control system(including software)Constant-speed drives only a start/stop and protection system in addition to the electric motor Variable-speed drives(VSDs)include an electronic power converterElectric DrivesElectric Drive and the Surrounding SystemElectric Drive and the SurrounAcceleration of Inertial Mass Torque needed for accelerating the moment of inertia J:Moment of inertia ofa thin-walled cylinderAcceleration of Inertial Mass Moment of inertia of a solid cylinderEquation of Motion Moment of inertia of a solid Inertia J is a theoretical parameter.In engineering,Fly Wheel GD2 is used to replace inertia.That is：Inertia J is a theoreticaCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.Permission required for reproduction or display.Simple magnetic circuit.Figure 1.11-15Copyright The McGraw-Hill CoCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.Permission required for reproduction or display.Magnetic circuit with air gap.Figure 1-31-16Copyright The McGraw-Hill CoProduction of a Magnetic Field Amperes Law H=magnetic field intensity(Ampere-turns per meter)B=magnetic flux density/intensity of magnetic induction =magnetic permeabilityProduction of a Magnetic FieldMagnetic fluxMagnetomotiveMagnetic reluctanceMagnetic fluxAnalogy between electric and magnetic circuits.(a)Electric circuit,(b)magnetic circuit.Figure 1-4Analogy between electric and mKirchhoffs Law in Magnetic CircuitKirchhoffs Law in Magnetic CilINlINAir-gap fringing fields.Figure 1-6Air-gap fringing fields.Simple synchronous machine.Figure 1-9Simple synchronous machine.(a)Magnetic circuit and(b)equivalent circuit for Example 1.3.Figure 1.6(a)Magnetic circuit and(b)eMATLAB plot of inductance vs.relative permeability for Example 1.5.Figure 1.7MATLAB plot of inductance vs.Magnetic circuit with two windings.Figure 1.8Magnetic circuit with two windB-H loops for M-5 grain-oriented electrical steel 0.012 in thick.Only the top halves of the loops are shown here.(Armco Inc.)Figure 1-10B-H loops for M-5 grain-orientDc magnetization curve for M-5 grain-oriented electrical steel 0.012 in thick.(Armco Inc.)Figure 1.10Dc magnetization curve for M-5Excitation phenomena.(a)Voltage,flux,and exciting current;(b)corresponding hysteresis loop.Figure 1.11Excitation phenomena.(a)VoltExciting rms voltamperes per kilogram at 60 Hz for M-5 grain-oriented electrical steel 0.012 in thick.(Armco Inc.)Figure 1-10Exciting rms voltamperes per kHysteresis loop;hysteresis loss is proportional to the loop area(shaded).Figure 1-11Hysteresis loop;hysteresis loCore loss at 60 Hz in watts per kilogram for M-5 grain-oriented electrical steel 0.012 in thick.(Armco Inc.)Figure 1.14Core loss at 60 Hz in watts peLaminated steel core with winding for Example 1.8.Figure 1.15Laminated steel core with wind(a)Second quadrant of hysteresis loop for Alnico 5;(b)second quadrant of hysteresis loop for M-5 electrical steel;(c)hysteresis loop for M-5 electrical steel expanded for small B.(Armco Inc.)Figure 1.16(a)Second quadrant of hystereMagnetic circuit for Example 1.9.Figure 1.17Magnetic circuit for Example 1Magnetic circuit for Example 1.10.Figure 1.18Magnetic circuit for Example 1Magnetization curves for common permanent-magnet materials.Figure 1.19Magnetization curves for commoMagnetic circuit including both a permanent magnet and an excitation winding.Figure 1.20Magnetic circuit including botPortion of a B-H characteristic showing a minor loop and a recoil line.Figure 1.21Portion of a B-H characteristiMagnetic circuit for Example 1.11.Figure 1.22Magnetic circuit for Example 1(a)Magnetization curve for Alnico 5 for Example 1.11;(b)series of load lines for Ag=2 cm2 and varying of values of i showing the magnetization procedure for Example 1.11.Figure 1.23(a)(b)(a)Magnetization curve for AlMagnetic circuit for Problem 1.1.Figure 1.24Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Magnetic circuit for Problem 1.6.Figure 1.25Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Magnetic circuit for Problem 1.9.Figure 1.26Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Inductor for Problem 1.12.Figure 1.27Inductor for Problem 1.12.Pot-core inductor for Problem 1.15.Figure 1.28Pot-core inductor for Problem Inductor for Problem 1.17.Figure 1.29Inductor for Problem 1.17.Toroidal winding for Problem 1.19.Figure 1.30Toroidal winding for Problem 1Iron-core inductor for Problem 1.20.Figure 1.31Iron-core inductor for ProblemMagnetic circuit for Problem 1.22.Figure 1.32Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Symmetric magnetic circuit for Problem 1.23.Figure 1.33Symmetric magnetic circuit forReciprocating generator for Problem 1.24.Figure 1.34Reciprocating generator for PrConfiguration for measurement of magnetic properties of electrical steel.Figure 1.35Configuration for measurement Magnetic circuit for Problem 1.28.Figure 1.36Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Magnetic circuit for the loudspeaker of Problem 1.34(voice coil not shown).Figure 1.37Magnetic circuit for the loudsMagnetic circuit for Problem 1.35.Figure 1.38Magnetic circuit for Problem 1Production of Induced Force On a Wirei=magnitude of current in the wireB=magnetic flux density vectorl=length of conductor in the magnetic fieldProduction of Induced Force OnInduced Voltage On a Conductor Moving In a Magnetic Fieldv=velocity of the wireB=magnetic flux density vectorl=length of conductor in the magnetic fieldInduced Voltage On a ConductorThree Phase PowerThree Phase PowerThe instantaneous total power is constant!Three Phase PowerThe instantanThree Phase PowerThree Phase PowerReal Power per phase isP=Vp Ip cos()Real Power for all three phases isP=3 Vp Ip cos()Since for a balanced load the power is constantP(t)=3 Vp Ip cos()alsoPower in Terms of Line QuantitiesP=3 Vll Ill cos()Three Phase PowerReal Power peThree Phase Reactive Power QThree Phase Reactive Power QTotal supply Volt Amps product(VA)isVA=3 Vll IllReactive power Q is the Quantity making up the difference between VA and PowerQ=3 Vll Ill sin()Thus VA2=P2+Q2Q is a measure of the energy storage capability of the circuitFor the greatest Power per amp of supply the Power Factor should be Unity and Q should be zeroThree Phase Reactive Power QTo