语法综合讲练-倒装句和强调句课件

语法综合讲练倒装句倒装句(Inversion)学法指导倒装句有两个主要的作用。一是为了保持句一是为了保持句的平衡，二是为了语言的表达更加生动。的平衡，二是为了语言的表达更加生动。The days when China was weak and backward are gone.主语太长，谓语太短。=Gone are the days when China was weak and backward.中国贫穷而落后的年代一去不复返了。学习倒装句的难点有两点n记住倒装句的语序n 记住引起倒装句的词 简单的说简单的说,倒装句就是把句子主语倒装句就是把句子主语和谓语的位置颠倒，即把谓语放在主和谓语的位置颠倒，即把谓语放在主语的前面语的前面.e.g.Are you a boy?Why didnt you come?Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.倒装句有两种句式倒装句有两种句式：全部倒装和部分倒装全部倒装和部分倒装一、全部倒装的四种情形一、全部倒装的四种情形(把谓语动词完全放在主语之前把谓语动词完全放在主语之前)标志词标志词+谓语（谓语（vi）+主语主语倒装的分类倒装的分类n1 部分倒装部分倒装-主语与助动词主语与助动词/情态动词情态动词/系动词倒系动词倒装装n标志词标志词+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词nI have never heard such a thing.n=Never have I heard such a thing.n2 全部倒装全部倒装 主语与谓语动词倒装主语与谓语动词倒装n(把谓语动词完全放在主语之前把谓语动词完全放在主语之前)n结构：结构：标志词标志词+谓语动词谓语动词+主语主语nThe rain fell down.n=Down fell the rain.倒倒装装倒装句的高考考点：倒装句的高考考点：全部倒装全部倒装部分倒装部分倒装1.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。2.表地点方位的介词短语位于句时。表地点方位的介词短语位于句时。1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2、否定副词位于句首时、否定副词位于句首时3、在省去、在省去if的虚拟条件从句中。的虚拟条件从句中。4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时5、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句6、特殊句式等、特殊句式等3.Such等等1.句首标志词为句首标志词为here/there,out/in,up/down,away,now/then等方位副词并且谓语动词是表示运动的等方位副词并且谓语动词是表示运动的come、go、rush、live、exist、flow,rise,等不及等不及物动词时，用全部倒装。物动词时，用全部倒装。e.g.1)The kite went up into the sky.Up went the kite into the sky.2)The book you want is here.Here is the book you want.Up into the sky went the kite.e.g.Here it comes.3)The door suddenly opened and a dog came in.The door suddenly opened and in came a dog.4)Her long brown hair came down.Down came her long brown hair.Away flew the bird.5)The bird flew away.注注:主语是人称代词主语是人称代词,不用主谓倒装不用主谓倒装.2.表地点的介词短语表地点的介词短语，在句中做表语，在句中做表语或状语时或状语时e.g.在一座孤零零的房子前坐着一个小男孩。在一座孤零零的房子前坐着一个小男孩。lonely house 森林边有一个小木屋。森林边有一个小木屋。（lie）In front of the lonely house sat a little boy.At the edge of the woods lies the log cabin.e.g.Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.and long passages to these rooms.保持了句子保持了句子平衡平衡，或为了，或为了强调强调表语表语或状语，或为了使上下文或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接紧密衔接时。时。3.表语置于句首时表语置于句首时e.g.Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.在货物中有圣诞树、鲜花、蜡烛和玩具。在货物中有圣诞树、鲜花、蜡烛和玩具。Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.4.there be 句型句型e.g.There is no place left for the piano.在在2004年，中国大约发生了五十多万年，中国大约发生了五十多万起交通事故。起交通事故。There were about 500,000 traffic accidents happening in China in 2004.一只老虎从丛林中冲了出来。出口外面站着两个警官。写出下列句子的倒装句写出下列句子的倒装句A tiger rushed out from the woodsTwo police officers stood outside the entrance.Outside the entrance stood two police officers.Out rushed a tiger from the woods.二、部分倒装的九种情形二、部分倒装的九种情形(指把谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态指把谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前动词等移到主语之前)标志词标志词+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+其它其它1.用于用于so,nor,neither 开头的句子，开头的句子，表示第二人或事也重复前一句的内容。表示第二人或事也重复前一句的内容。e.g.He has been to Beijing.So have I.=I have been to Beijing,too.He cant answer the question.Neither can I.=I cant,either.他不能回答这个问题，我也不能。他不能回答这个问题，我也不能。比较1)They went out before day broke and came home before noon.So lived the couple for many months before they were divorced.2)-He is very hardworking.-So he is.他确实如此。（同意别人的观点）3)He likes music,so do I.It is the same withSo it is with nKarl Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.nSo it was with Engles.=it was the same with Engles.nHis brother is a soldier and he serves in Hainan.nIt is the same with my brother.=So it is with my brother.2.以以only修饰的副词，介词短语修饰的副词，介词短语,状语从状语从句等放在句首时为部分倒装。句等放在句首时为部分倒装。Only+状语状语+助动词助动词+主语主语+其它其它Only in this way can you learn English well.e.g.直到那时，他才意识到自己老了。直到那时，他才意识到自己老了。Only when you have finished your homework can you go out and play.Only then did he realize that he was old.只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。只有完成作业后，你才可以出去玩。只有完成作业后，你才可以出去玩。注：如果注：如果only修饰主语修饰主语,则不用倒装则不用倒装nOnly he can solve the problem.3.little,hardly,never,seldom,not等等含有否定意义的词放在句首时含有否定意义的词放在句首时1）Hardly did I expect that he could come back so soon.2）Little did he realize that he had made an important invention.3）Not a single word must you tell him.4)Never has he been abroad.5)Seldom does Wang go swimming.写出下列句子的倒装句写出下列句子的倒装句Only in this way can you catch up with your classmates.只有用这种方法，你才能赶上你的同学。只有用这种方法，你才能赶上你的同学。Mary likes dancing,so does Jane.Mary喜欢跳舞，喜欢跳舞，Jane也是。也是。Never have I heard such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情我从未听说过这样的事情.You can catch up with your classmates only in this way.I have never heard such a thing.4.表示表示时间频率时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表的状语位于句首时，且表示示强调。强调。e.g.我们经常警告他们不要那样做。我们经常警告他们不要那样做。Often do we warn them not to do so.We often warn them not to do so.5.在以下句型中在以下句型中 a)hardly/scarcely when,no sooner,thanNo sooner had he begun to speak than all the people laughed.He had hardly stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.他刚一开口说话，所有的人都大笑起来。他刚一开口说话，所有的人都大笑起来。他刚一踏进教室，铃声就响了起来。他刚一踏进教室，铃声就响了起来。He had no sooner begun to speak than all the people laughed.Hardly had he stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.b)在在not onlybut also的句型中的句型中(but also之之后的句子不用倒装后的句子不用倒装).e.g.他不仅能唱流行歌曲，而且还能写一些。他不仅能唱流行歌曲，而且还能写一些。Not only did he like singing pop songs,but also he could write some.c)在在not until句型中句型中 e.g.直到今天早晨我才想起了一个好主意。直到今天早晨我才想起了一个好主意。Not until this morning did I get a good idea.I didnt get a good idea until this morning.d)Neither nor（前后都倒）（前后都倒）e.g.我既不知道这次晚会，也没来。我既不知道这次晚会，也没来。Neither did I know about the party,nor did I come.e)含否定意义的介词短语在句首时in no way,at no time,in no case,by no meansnAt no time have I told you that you can use my car.我从没告诉过你，说你可以用我的车我从没告诉过你，说你可以用我的车子。子。6.用以用以as引导的让步状语从句中引导的让步状语从句中 表语表语+as+主语主语+其它其它=Though/Although he was tired,he.e.g.Tired as he was,he worked late into the night.Child as he is,he knows much.=Though/Although he is a child,he.7.用于用于省略省略if的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句（只有（只有had、should、were(was)可倒装）可倒装）If it were to/should rain tomorrow,I would not go for a picnic.=Were it to/Should it rain tomorrow,I would not go for a picnic.=Had I attended the meeting,I would have been here.If I had attended the meeting,I would have been here.e.g.May you succeed!e.g.他说的那样的快，我们几乎听不清。他说的那样的快，我们几乎听不清。8.在在sothat、suchthat的结构中的结构中So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly hear him.9.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。用于某些表示祝愿的句子。n_ homework did we have that we had no time to take a rest.(06年福年福建卷建卷)A.B.Too muchC.Too little D.So littlenAt the foot of the mountain _.(06年四川卷年四川卷)A.a village lie B.C.does a village lie D.lying a villageSo muchlies a village Ive tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means _ with my progress.(06年重庆年重庆卷卷)A.the teacher is not satisfiedB.is the teacher not satisfiedC.the teacher is satisfiedD.is the teacher satisfied1.Jack没有来，Jude也没有来。neither或者nor2.Tom 会说英语，我也是。3.当我看到我的父亲的时候我才意识到他更老了。Only4.他很少早起。Seldom5.我刚到公共汽车站，汽车就开了。Hardly when No sooner than6.不但他本人对阅读感兴趣，他的学生也对它产生get interested in了兴趣。Not only but also 7.雨一直下到半夜才停。Not until 8.尽管他富有，他的生活不快乐。表+as+主+谓，主谓宾9.这个男孩这么诚实，每个人都喜欢他。So that 10.如果我知道的话，我会告诉你的had known，have told写出下列句子的倒装句（部分倒装）写出下列句子的倒装句（部分倒装）n1.Jack没有来，Jude也没有来。neither或者norJack didnt come，neither/nor did Jude.n2.Tom 能说中文，我也是。Tom can speak Chinese，so can I.n3.当我看到我的父亲的时候我才意识到他更老了。OnlyI realized my father was older only when I saw him.Only when I saw my father did I realize he was older.4.他很少早起。SeldomHe seldom gets up early.Seldom does he get up early.写出下列句子的倒装句（部分倒装）写出下列句子的倒装句（部分倒装）5.我刚到公共汽车站，汽车就开了。6.不但他本人对阅读感兴趣，他的学生也对它产生了兴趣。7.雨一直下到半夜才停。I had hardly got to the bus stop when the bus started.Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.I had got to the bus stop no sooner than the bus started.No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.Not only is he interested in reading,but also his students get interested in it.The rain didnt stop until midnight.Not until midnight did the rain stop.8.尽管他富有，但他的生活不快乐。9.这个男孩这么诚实，每个人都喜欢他。10.如果我知道的话，我会告诉你的。had known，have toldThough he is rich,his life is not happy.Rich as he is,his life is not happy.He is so honest that everybody likes him.So honest is he that everybody likes him.If I had known about it,I would have told you.Had I known about it,I would have told you.语法综合讲练强调句式强调句的基本结构It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它其它1.强调句一般可强调主语，宾语，状语等。强调句一般可强调主语，宾语，状语等。It 本身没词义，只起引导作用。本身没词义，只起引导作用。2.引导词引导词that/who/whom,3.be:is/was4.被强调的部分可以是句子中的主语、宾语或被强调的部分可以是句子中的主语、宾语或状语，但不能够是谓语或定语。状语，但不能够是谓语或定语。5.除去句子的功能词除去句子的功能词it was that句子仍然句子仍然完整。完整。I met him in the street yesterday.n(强调主语)n（强调宾语）n（强调状语）It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday.nIt was him whom/that I met in the street nyesterday.nIt was in the street that(不能用where)I met nhim yesterday.n1.当被强调部分指人时，可用当被强调部分指人时，可用that，也可用也可用who；指物时，只用指物时，只用that It was Tom（）I met last week.It is a new book()his brother wants to buy.v2.强调状语时强调状语时,只用只用that,不用不用when,where.It is at 5 oclock()the train will arrive.It was in the park()I saw Kate last week.who(that)that that(不用不用when)that(不用不用where)3.被强调的部分是主语时，注意句子的谓语动词和被强调被强调的部分是主语时，注意句子的谓语动词和被强调的主语保持一致。如：的主语保持一致。如：It is he who _ late.It is they that _ late.4.一般疑问句的强调句为一般疑问句的强调句为“Is(was)it+强调部分强调部分+that?特殊疑问句为：特殊疑问句为：“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+is(was)it+that?”结构。如：结构。如：He will leave for Hong Kong at 7:00.isareIt is at 7:00 that he will leave for Hong KongWhen is it that he will leave for Hong Kong.Is it at 7:00 that he will leave for Hong Kong有时可以用It might be that;It must be that 句型表示强调他关心的可能是他的父亲。他关心的可能是他的父亲。nIt might be his father that he is thinking of.n你见到的想必是他的兄弟。你见到的想必是他的兄弟。n It must have been his brother that you saw.5.“notuntil”句型的强调结构为句型的强调结构为“It is/was not untilthat”如：如：我直到我直到5点才做完作业。点才做完作业。It was not until 5:00 that I finished my homework.He didnt realize his mistakes until he graduated from high school.It was not until he graduated from high school that he realized his mistakes.I didnt finish my homework until 5:00她回到家才发现钥匙留在了办公室。她回到家才发现钥匙留在了办公室。nShe did not realize that she had left the key in the office until she got home.nIt was not until she got home that she realized she had left her key in the office.1.It be that.句型不能强调句型不能强调谓语部分，若要谓语部分，若要强调谓语强调谓语，则须在谓语动词原形前面加上助动词，则须在谓语动词原形前面加上助动词do,did,does其他强调形式其他强调形式I really like you,and I do hope everyone has a promising future.2.用用副词强调副词强调 really,still,evenIt was hot yesterday,but it is even hotter today.3.用用重复重复一个词来达到一个词来达到强调强调效果效果He told us an old story over and over again.4.用用倒装倒装表示表示强调强调Only in this way can he solve the problem.5.一些含有一些含有强调强调意味的意味的短语短语on earth,at all.in the world.What on earth do you want to do?He didnt care about it at all.HOMWORKnI.按要求改为强调句：分别强调下划线部分nThe teacher told them an interesting story yesterday.n nnnnn2.我直到他回来才离开。（中译英，然后改成强调句）n3.指出是强调句还是其它从句：nIt was midnight when I woke up.nIt was at midnight that I woke up.nIt is a pity that you didnt attend the party.nIt is a good idea that we go out for a picnic.nIt was at the school gate that I met him.It was the teacher who/that told them an interesting story yesterday.It was them who/that the teacher told an interesting story yesterday.It was an interesting story that the teacher told them yesterday.It was yesterday that the teacher told them an interesting story.26.Learn that we should try to forgive others.27.Forgiveness is a virtue.28.Got older,got wiser.29.I have met such a problem30.I got off,I was surrounded31.Preparing for the exam tomorrow32.To succeed sooner or later33.Appreciate very much34.keep in touch with you regularly35.Accept out sincere thanks.